Drug Resistancet Fades Quickly in Key Aids2 Drug　　International medical guidelines call for5 pregnant women with advanced HIV to get a combination of AIDS drugs including nevirapine to prevent passing their infection on to their newborns during delivery. But in poor countries, combinations have been expensive and nevirapine has often been Used al. one, since studies have shown that a single dose can cut the transmission rate in half.　　The further out you get from that exposure to single dose nevirapine, the less detectable nevirapine resistance is6, said Shahin Lockman of the Harvard School of Public Health in Boston7. She says waiting period for women who get the single dose of nevirapine at delivery can be as short as six months. If they started nevirapine-based treatment six or more months after nevirapine exposure, their treatment response8 was just as good, and really quite high, compared to women who did not have the single dose of nevirapine, she added. However, the women who started nevirapine-based treatment within six months of that nevirapine exposure were much more likely to experience treatment failure.　　I.ynne Mofenson is chief of research on child, adolescent, and maternal AIDS at the U. S. National Institute of Child Health and Human Development10. She says the finding supports a World Health Organization H recommendation restricting a single dose of nevirapine only to pregnant HIV-infected women who are healthy enough to wait six months after childbirth for more nevirapine-based therapy. Otherwise, they should get other drugs during labor. It shows the importance of screening women for treatment while they are pregnant and putting them on appropriate therapy while they are pregnant to avoid having to start them too soon after they received preventive therapy, she explained.　　練習(xí)：　　A It is a broad-spectrum antibiotic and kills all kinds of bacteria.　　C It prevents the transmission of the AIDS virus and protects one from heart attack.　　2. Why does HIV resistance against nevirapine build very quickly even when the drug is used alone just once?　　B Because there may not be a susceptibility test before using the drug.　　D Because there are too many mutations of HIV for nevirapine to deal with.　　A She may start nevirapine-based treatment soon after her delivery.　　C She has to wait at least six months after that nevirapine exposure.　　4. We may learn from this passage that HIV resistance against nevirapine　　B will last forever in a woman who took nevirapine.　　D is a problem too difficult to be solved.　　A negative　　C uncertain　　答案與題解　　1．D 第一段第一句及第二段第二句均提到nevirapine可以防止母親在分娩時(shí)將HIV病毒傳染給新生兒的問題，故D項(xiàng)是正確答案。　　3．C 第四段第二句說到，等待的時(shí)間最短可到六個(gè)月，第五段第一句又說，最少等待六個(gè)月的婦女，她們以nevirapine為主的藥物綜合治療的療效要比等待不足六個(gè)月的婦女高70％，可見C項(xiàng)最少要等待六個(gè)月是正確答案。　　5．B 第一段是文章的提要，最能說明作者觀點(diǎn)，其中最后一句就明確提到，已經(jīng)服用 nevirapine的已感染上HIV的母親們不應(yīng)該放棄服用這種能用得起的藥物。而且通篇文章都在探討如何更有效地利用此藥物，因此作者對使用此藥的態(tài)度應(yīng)該是積極的、肯定的。

　　Drug Resistancet Fades Quickly in Key Aids2 Drug　　International medical guidelines call for5 pregnant women with advanced HIV to get a combination of AIDS drugs including nevirapine to prevent passing their infection on to their newborns during delivery. But in poor countries, combinations have been expensive and nevirapine has often been Used al. one, since studies have shown that a single dose can cut the transmission rate in half.　　The further out you get from that exposure to single dose nevirapine, the less detectable nevirapine resistance is6, said Shahin Lockman of the Harvard School of Public Health in Boston7. She says waiting period for women who get the single dose of nevirapine at delivery can be as short as six months. If they started nevirapine-based treatment six or more months after nevirapine exposure, their treatment response8 was just as good, and really quite high, compared to women who did not have the single dose of nevirapine, she added. However, the women who started nevirapine-based treatment within six months of that nevirapine exposure were much more likely to experience treatment failure.　　I.ynne Mofenson is chief of research on child, adolescent, and maternal AIDS at the U. S. National Institute of Child Health and Human Development10. She says the finding supports a World Health Organization H recommendation restricting a single dose of nevirapine only to pregnant HIV-infected women who are healthy enough to wait six months after childbirth for more nevirapine-based therapy. Otherwise, they should get other drugs during labor. It shows the importance of screening women for treatment while they are pregnant and putting them on appropriate therapy while they are pregnant to avoid having to start them too soon after they received preventive therapy, she explained.　　練習(xí)：　　A It is a broad-spectrum antibiotic and kills all kinds of bacteria.　　C It prevents the transmission of the AIDS virus and protects one from heart attack.　　2. Why does HIV resistance against nevirapine build very quickly even when the drug is used alone just once?　　B Because there may not be a susceptibility test before using the drug.　　D Because there are too many mutations of HIV for nevirapine to deal with.　　A She may start nevirapine-based treatment soon after her delivery.　　C She has to wait at least six months after that nevirapine exposure.　　4. We may learn from this passage that HIV resistance against nevirapine　　B will last forever in a woman who took nevirapine.　　D is a problem too difficult to be solved.　　A negative　　C uncertain　　答案與題解　　1．D 第一段第一句及第二段第二句均提到nevirapine可以防止母親在分娩時(shí)將HIV病毒傳染給新生兒的問題，故D項(xiàng)是正確答案。　　3．C 第四段第二句說到，等待的時(shí)間最短可到六個(gè)月，第五段第一句又說，最少等待六個(gè)月的婦女，她們以nevirapine為主的藥物綜合治療的療效要比等待不足六個(gè)月的婦女高70％，可見C項(xiàng)最少要等待六個(gè)月是正確答案。　　5．B 第一段是文章的提要，最能說明作者觀點(diǎn)，其中最后一句就明確提到，已經(jīng)服用 nevirapine的已感染上HIV的母親們不應(yīng)該放棄服用這種能用得起的藥物。而且通篇文章都在探討如何更有效地利用此藥物，因此作者對使用此藥的態(tài)度應(yīng)該是積極的、肯定的。