Unit 5　Meeting your ancestors

　　晨背三部曲（話題：世界與環境）

　　滿分佳作　

　　(2024·福建高考)假定你是某中學生英語報的小記者，以下漫畫內容是你的所見所聞，請根據要求寫一篇英語短文投稿。

　　內容要求：

　　1．描述漫畫內容；

　　2．發表個人感想。

　　參考詞匯：告示牌sign

　　Mind Your Behavior in Public Places

　　Last Sunday, I went sightseeing with my friends in the Fairy Lake Park. The park was full of freshness and beauty of spring, ①with the sun shining and birds singing. When I was enjoying the fantastic scenery around, something unpleasant caught my eye. A young couple in a boat were eating, talking and laughing loudly as if they were the only people in the world. What's worse, they spat and even threw rubbish into the lake, totally ignoring the noticeable sign “No Littering” nearby. What a shame!

　　Such behavior left me deep in thought. If all visitors to the Fairy Lake Park do as the couple did, the lake will be severely polluted and soon turned into a huge dustbin. I think all of us should mind our behavior in public places. ②Only in this way can we live in more comfortable and beautiful surroundings.

　　熱身體驗

　　句式仿寫

　　1．The park was full of freshness and beauty of spring, with the sun shining and birds singing.

　　→They drove to the palace, with_the_crowds_cheering (在人群的歡呼聲中)．

　　2．Only in this way can we live in more comfor-table and beautiful surroundings.

　　→Only in this way can_you_learn_English_well (你才能學好英語)．

　　Ⅰ.詞海拾貝

　　基礎記憶

　　1．alternative n．　可能的選擇adj.

　　供選擇的；其他的

　　2．interrupt vt.& vi.

　　打斷……講話；打岔；暫時中斷或中止

　　3．assume vt.

　　假定；設想

　　4．category n.

　　種類；類別；范疇

　　5．somehow adv.

　　以……方式；不知怎么地

　　6．delete vt.

　　刪；刪除

　　7．accelerate vi.& vt.

　　加速；促進

　　8．arrest vt.

　　逮捕；吸引n.

　　逮捕；拘留

　　9．starvation n．挨餓；餓死→starve vi.挨餓；餓死

　　10．accuracy n．精確；準確→accurate adj.準確的；精確的

　　11．sharpen vi.& vt.(使)鋒利，尖銳；清晰→sharp adj.鋒利的，尖銳的→sharpener n．磨具，削具

　　12．messy adj.凌亂的；臟的→mess n．凌亂；臟

　　13．analysis n．分析→analyses (pl.)→analyse vt.分析

　　14．significance n．意義；意思；重要性；重要意義→significant adj.重要的

　　15．division n．分割；劃分；分配；分界線→divide v．分割，劃分，分配

　　16．applaud vi.& vt.鼓掌歡迎；贊賞→applause n．鼓掌

　　17．skilful adj.有技巧的；熟練的→skill n．技能，技巧

　　語境記憶

　　18．The launch of China's first space lab module Tiangong-1 is of great significance.In other words, it is significant.(significant)

　　19．The old man was starved to death.People felt pity for his starvation.(starve)

　　篇章記憶

　　Not interrupted by others' opinion, the archaeologist tentatively assumed that the newly-found hammer and spear are significant dating back to 2000 BC, and there were at most 2 pairs of them.

　　Ⅱ.短語互譯

　　1.不管；不顧regardless_of

　　2．至多；最多

　　at_most

　　3．切碎

　　cut_up

　　4．受夠了；飽受；厭煩

　　fed_up_with

　　5．向前看；為將來打算

　　look_ahead

　　6．date back (to ...)

　　追溯到；始于

　　7．arrest sb. for

　　因……而逮捕某人

　　8．with relief

　　欣慰地

　　9．keep out

　　關在門外；不準入內

　　10．turn to sb. for help

　　向某人求助

　　Ⅲ.句型一覽

　　1.would have＋過去分詞 “想必……；肯定會……”(常用于虛擬語氣)

　　That would_have_kept_them_warm (想必會給他們取暖), cooked the food and scared wild beasts away as well.

　　2．if only ... 要是……就好了

　　If_only (要是……就好了) it could be just like last year!

　　3．had done ... when ... 剛剛……這時……

　　She had_almost_reached (就要到達) her destination when (這時) a delicious smell arrested her progress and she stopped.

　　4．only to do“結果卻……”，表示意想不到或令人失望的結果

　　Abruptly she sat down, only_to_be_scooped_up (結果卻被……摟了起來) by her laughing, shouting sister, Luna.

　　Ⅳ.語法自測——現在完成進行時

　　完成句子

　　1．Jonathan, an American who_has_been_working in China for three years, has read some ancient Chinese classics in English and can name several ancient poets such as Li Bai.(work)

　　Jonathan是一位美國人，他這三年一直在中國工作，已經讀過一些英文版的中國的古代名著，還能說出幾位古代詩人的名字，例如李白。

　　2．They had_been_carrying_out_the_plan for almost one week before I joined them, and now we are still working on it as no good results have come out so far.(carry)

　　在我加入前，他們一直執行這個計劃有一個星期了。我們現在仍然在繼續進行，因為到目前為止還沒有好的結果產生。

　　3．During the interview, should I bring it to the interviewer's attention that I have_been_longing_for the job？(long)

　　在面試的時候我是否該告訴考官我一直渴望得到這份工作？

　　4．Have a break, Amy.You have_been_practising_playing_the piano all the morning.(practise)

　　Amy，休息一會兒吧。你整個上午都在練習彈鋼琴。

　　5．It's true that we don't know what we've got until we lose it, but it's also true that we don't know what_we_have_been_missing until it arrives.(miss)

　　的確，直到我們失去時我們才知道曾擁有的是什么，直到我們擁有了我們才知道曾經一直錯過的是什么。

　　1.alternative adj.供選擇的；其他的 n．可能的選擇；選擇對象

　　　①You can be paid in cash weekly or by cheque monthly; those are the two alternatives.

　　你的工資可以按周以現金支取或按月以支票支取，二者可選其一。

　　(1)have no alternative but to do sth.

　　別無選擇只好做某事

　　There's no alternative ...

　　……別無選擇

　　an alternative to ...

　　……的替代品

　　(2)alternatively adv.

　　可供選擇地

　　We had to go on, for there was no alternative.

　　我們只有繼續下去，因為別無選擇。

　　③The material's inventors say it has a number of possible uses and someday could provide a more environmentally friendly alternative to plastic.(2024·湖南閱讀C)www-2-1-cnjy-com

　　這種材料的發明者說它有各種各樣的潛在用途并且將來有一天能夠提供一種更環保的塑料替代品。

　　【聯想發散】“別無選擇只好做……”的其他表達形式還有：

　　①have no choice but to do sth.

　　②can't do sth.but do sth.

　　③can do nothing but do sth.

　　在上述結構中若but之前出現實義動詞do的某種形式 (does, did, done), but之后要用省略to的不定式，否則， but之后的to不能省略。

　　【對點練習】

　　用所給動詞(短語)的適當形式填空

　　①You have no alternative but to_go_on (go on)．

　　②We can't do anything but wait (wait)．

　　③We can do nothing but give_up (give up).

　　2.interrupt vt.& vi.打斷……講話；打岔；暫時中斷或中止

　　　①One person should describe his or her side, and the other person should listen without interrupting.(2024·浙江閱讀C)

　　一個人應描述他或她的狀況，而另外一個人應該傾聽而不能打斷。

　　(1)interrupt sb./sth.(with sth.)

　　　 (因某事)打斷某人/某事

　　(2)interruption n.

　　打擾；插嘴；打岔；阻斷物

　　without interruption

　　連續地；不斷地

　　I'm sorry to interrupt you, but could you tell me the way to the hospital?

　　對不起，打擾了，你能告訴我去醫院怎么走嗎？

　　③I managed to work for two hours without interruption.

　　我設法連續工作了兩個小時。

　　【對點練習】

　　根據英漢提示完成小片段

　　他說起來沒有間斷，他的朋友不得不禮貌地打斷他引入一個新話題。不幸的是，他依然如此。

　　He spoke without_interruption,_and his friend had to interrupt_him politely to bring in a new topic. Unfortunately, he remained the same.

　　3.assume vt.假定；設想

　　　①When he started, he assumed that signs of the bends would be rarer in younger fossils.(2024·江蘇閱讀C)

　　當他開始時，他猜想這種彎曲的形狀在年代近些的化石中要更少見。

　　(1)assume sb./sth.to be　

　　假定/假設某人/某事為

　　It is assumed that ...

　　……被認為

　　(2)assumption n.

　　假定；假設

　　make an assumption

　　認為；假定

　　on the assumption that

　　假定

　　(3)assuming that ...

　　假設/假定……

　　The project was predicated on the assumption that the economy was expanding.

　　這一計劃是以假定經濟發展為依據做出的。

　　③Assuming that speed is kept constant, distance increases with time.

　　假定速度不變，則距離會隨時間增大。

　　【對點練習】

　　一句多譯

　　許多人認為他是正確的。

　　①A lot of people make_the_assumption_that_he_is_right.

　　②A lot of people assume_him_to_be_right.

　　③It_is_assumed_that he is right.

　　4.significance n．意義；意思；重要性；重要意義

　　　①And all the members should realize the value and significance of what they are going to do.(2011·浙江任務型閱讀)

　　并且所有隊員應該意識到他們要做的事情的價值和意義。

　　(1)be of (great) significance　有意義/幫助

　　be of no significance

　　無意義/不重要

　　be of little significance

　　不太重要

　　attach (great) significance to

　　認為……重要

　　(2)significant adj.

　　重要的；明顯的

　　It is significant that ... (＝ significantly) 很明顯……

　　significantly adv.

　　有重大意義地；顯著地；明顯地

　　②Their change of plan is strange but I think it's of no significance.

　　他們改變了計劃十分奇怪，但我覺得沒什么意義。

　　【聯想發散】其他常見“of＋抽象名詞”的短語：

　　①be of help ＝ be helpful

　　②be of value ＝ be valuable

　　③be of importance ＝ be important

　　④be of use ＝ be useful

　　【對點練習】

　　句型轉換

　　①Significantly, he changed his will only days before his death.

　　→It is significant that he changed his will only days before his death.

　　②The plan to be carried out is greatly significant to people's life here.

　　→The plan to be carried out is of great significance to people's life here.

　　③We should attach much significance to this matter.

　　→Much significance should be attached to this matter.

　　5.arrest n．逮捕；拘留vt.逮捕；吸引

　　(1)arrest sb.for　因……而逮捕某人

　　get arrested

　　遭到逮捕

　　arrest one's attention

　　引起注意

　　(2)under arrest

　　被捕

　　make an arrest

　　進行拘捕

　　①A man has been arrested in connection with the robbery.

　　一名與這樁搶劫案有關的男子已被逮捕。

　　②The young man got arrested for causing that serious accident.

　　因造成嚴重事故，這名年輕人被捕了。

　　【對點練習】

　　完成句子

　　①Her laughter arrested_our_attention and we all stared at her.(arrest)

　　她的笑聲吸引了我們的注意力，我們都盯著她看。

　　②Fifteen persons were_under_arrest because of the serious violence.(be)

　　由于暴亂十五人被捕。

　　6.regardless of不管；不顧(側重指不計后果和代價)

　　　①If we can allow our children to be themselves without prejudice, they'll build friendships with people, regardless of race or religion, who will be by their side through thick and thin.(2024·福建完形)

　　如果我們允許孩子們沒有偏見地正常生活，他們就會和各種種族或宗教的人們建立起友誼，這些人將會和他們同甘共苦。

　　②He went ahead and did it, regardless of the consequences.

　　他說做就做了，沒有考慮后果。

　　【個性比較】　regardless of, despite/in spite of

　　regardless of 強調“不認為……重要”，從而不加以重視或考慮，其后可接whether, what引導的從句

　　despite/in

　　spite of 意為“盡管……但是……”，其后一般不接從句

　　【對點練習】

　　選詞填空(regardless of/despite)

　　①Regardless_of whether he is right or wrong, we have to follow his decisions.

　　②Despite the high mountains and thick forests, the doctors and nurses rushed to the scene of the accident for the rescue.

　　7.be fed up with受夠了；飽受；厭煩

　　　①We are all fed up with his laziness and carelessness.

　　我們都已無法忍受他的懶惰和粗心。

　　be fed up

　　厭煩

　　feed back

　　反應；反饋

　　feed sb./sth.on sth.

　　用……喂養……

　　feed sth.to sb./sth.

　　喂……給……

　　feed on sth.(動物)

　　以……為食；靠……活

　　②I was getting extremely tired and fed up, because I had too many late nights and early mornings with the children.