課時規范訓練(單獨成冊)

　　訓練(四十八)

　?、?閱讀理解

　　閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C、D)中，選出最佳選項。

　　A

　　He was once referred to as the Picasso of poetry.Beloved by Chileans of all classes，he is one of the most widely read and respected poets in history.And this year is the 100th birthday of Pablo Neruda (1904—1973)．

　　Born with the name Neftali Ricardo Reyes Basolto，he was a tall，shy and lonely boy.He loved to read and started to write poetry when he was ten.The American poet Walt Whitman，whose framed picture Neruda later kept on his table became a major influence on his work.

　　However，his father did not like the idea of having a poet for a son and tried to discourage him from writing.To cover up (掩飾) the publication of his first poem，he took the pen name Pablo Neruda.

　　In 1924 Neruda gained fame with his most widely read work “Twenty Love Poems and a Song of Despair.” Yet his rich experience as a diplomat and exile (流犯) made him go beyond the theme of love.His work also reflected the political struggle of the left and development of South America.He was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1971.

　　Neruda loved the sea which he saw as creative，destructive and forever moving.He found inspiration in the power and freedom of the waves and the seabirds on the coast.“I need the sea because it teaches me，” he wrote.“I move in the university of the waves.” He loved how the sea forever renewed itself，a renewal echoed in his work.

　　【解題導語】　本文屬于人物介紹類短文閱讀。文章介紹了著名詩人Pablo Neruda的生平。Pablo Neruda本名Neftali Ricardo Reyes Basolto，從小酷愛寫作，立志成為一名詩人。其創作風格深受美國詩人Walt Whitman的影響。他的作品主要以愛情為主題，但同時對政治的抗爭也是非常重要的話題。1971年獲得諾貝爾文學獎。

　　1．The underlined word “Picasso” can probably be replaced by “

　　A．most important person

　　B．famous person from Picasso

　　C．freedom fighter in Picasso

　　D．poem fans

　　解析：選A。詞義猜測題。根據第一段中的“the Picasso of poetry”(詩中的畢加索)可知，畢加索在繪畫中占據了非常重要的位置；同時根據下句“he is one of the most widely read and respected poets in history”(他是有史以來讀者最多，且最被尊重的詩人之一)可知答案為A。

　　2．Neftali Ricardo Reyes Basolto took the pen name Pablo Neruda because

　　.

　　A．literary greats usually used the pen name

　　B．his father encouraged him to use the name

　　C．he wanted to prevent his father knowing the publication

　　D．he was greatly influenced by other poets

　　解析：選C。細節辨析題。根據第三段中的“However，his father did not like the idea of having a poet for a son and tried to discourage him from writing.To cover up (掩飾) the publication of his first poem，he took the pen name Pablo Neruda.”(然而，他的父親并不支持他成為詩人的夢想，甚至嘗試著讓他放棄寫作。所以，為了掩飾他的第一部作品的出版，他使用了筆名Pablo Neruda。)可知答案為C。

　　3．Which of the following is not the theme of his works?

　　A．Love.

　　B．Political struggle.

　　C．Social reform.

　　D．Development of South America.

　　解析：選C。細節辨析題。根據第四段中的“Yet his rich experience as a diplomat and exile (流犯) made him go beyond the theme of love.His work also reflected the political struggle of the left and development of South America.”(然而，他作為外交官和流犯的豐富經歷使他的作品不僅僅限于愛情內，也反映了政治斗爭和南美洲的發展。)可知答案為C。

　　4．The last paragraph mainly tells us

　　A．the sea gave Neruda vast writing inspiration

　　B．the beautiful scenery along the Chile coast

　　C．Neruda’s poems were widely read overseas

　　D．Neruda loved to write his poems near the sea

　　解析：選A。概括大意題。根據最后一段內容尤其是中心句“He found inspiration in the power and freedom of the waves and the seabirds on the coast.”(他在海的力量，海浪的自由和海灘上的海鳥中找到了靈感。)可知答案為A。

　　B

　　Nicholas Grace is no stranger to giving to strangers.He spent most of his career directing charities that helped the mentally ill，elderly and others in need.He also gave great courage to Brigid，his wife，of nearly 60 years.After she had a stroke in 2008，he cared for her for six years until she died in the summer of 2024.And then he was astonished to have time on his hands.

　　Grace，who lives in the village of Overton in Hampshire，England，became a volunteer driver for a local hospice(收容所)，but that didn’t keep him busy enough.The lifelong blood donor wanted to continue donating blood，but he was told the cut-off(截止)age for donation was 70.

　　What Grace did instead set records in the United Kingdom and captured the attention of doctors on this side of the Atlantic.At age 83，he became Britain’s oldest living kidney donor.He chose to give a kidney to a complete stranger.

　　Grace shared a detailed and thoughtful diary of his journey toward kidney donation with TODAY.com.In it，he reflected on the practical and emotional motives that prompted him.“The practical motives are the facts that I am fit，having no dependents or responsibilities，and I am retired and have plenty of time，”Grace wrote.“The emotional motives are that I have led an easy，comfortable and selfish life，enjoyed excellent health and wanted to repay some of my good fortune.”

　　Grace said he realized thousands of people are waiting for a suitable kidney，and many die while waiting.“I couldn’t have lived with myself with the knowledge that I had had the chance of changing someone’s life and turned it down，”he said.

　　The National Kidney Foundation noted that transplants performed from living donors have advantages over transplants from dead donors：A kidney from a living donor usually functions immediately，and survival rates of living donor kidneys are higher.

　　【解題導語】　尼古拉斯·克雷斯熱愛慈善，一直以來都慷慨捐獻。他一生中獻血無數，直到受年齡限制不能再捐獻。那么現在83歲高齡的克雷斯還能捐獻什么呢？

　　5．We can inter from Para.1 that Nicholas Grace

　　A．had a large amount of money

　　B．offered deep love to his wife

　　C．enjoyed doing nothing at home

　　D．spent much money to save his wife

　　解析：選B。細節理解題。根據第一段倒數第二句中的“...he cared for her for six years until she died in the summer of 2024.”可知，克雷斯對妻子很好，他深愛他的妻子，故選B項。

　　6．Nicholas Grace couldn’t donate blood any longer probably because

　　A．his blood has become bad

　　B．he kept very busy every day

　　C．he had donated too much blood

　　D．he was refused to donate because of age

　　解析：選D。細節理解題。根據第二段最后一句“The lifelong blood donor wanted to continue donating blood，but he was told the cut-off age for donation was 70.”可知，他不能再獻血是因為已經超齡，故D項正確。

　　7．When Grace expected to donate his kidney，people might think he was

　　A．respectableB．strong

　　C．stubborn D．wealthy

　　解析：選A。推理判斷題。根據第三段最后兩句“At age 83，he became Britain’s oldest living kidney donor.He chose to give a kidney to a complete stranger.”可知，克雷斯在83高齡還想捐器官給別人，由此推斷人們認為他是可敬的，故選A項。

　　8．What may be one of the reasons that Grace will donate his kidney?

　　A．He has suffered a bad disease.

　　B．He should be responsible for others.

　　C．He can live until his kidney is in need.

　　D．He has to depend on other people.

　　解析：選C。細節理解題。通讀全文可知，克雷斯身體健康，再根據第四段中的“have plenty of time”可知，他感覺自己有足夠的時間去等能用他的腎的人出現，因此他想捐出自己的腎，故選C項。

　?、?語法填空

　　閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當的內容(1個單詞)或括號內單詞的正確形式。

　　How Learning Habits Influence Learning Results

　　It’s useful and necessary to discuss learning habits.There is a famous saying “Good habits lead to good endings”，1.

　　shows the importance of habits.

　　“An apple a day keeps the doctor away.” also shows how a healthy everyday habit helps to build up our body.2.

　　，good learning habits can help us gain great learning results 3.

　　(include) high scores and abundant knowledge.At first，learning habits form our ways of thinking and attitudes 4.

　　the content of our learning.Obviously，a good habit can help us to speed up to reach our destinations.5.

　　we can see，cultivating a good habit is so important 6.

　　I would like to introduce one kind of good learning habit—keeping a learning diary every day.We can start the learning by 7.

　　(write) summaries and remember to record something impressive and 8.

　　(meaning)．Keep it in mind，and gradually we can gain this good learning habit and benefit from it.

　　What’s more，I find out that I still have some bad learning habits as well.I can 9.

　　concentrate on reading for a short time and I 10.

　　(conquer) this problem by spending more efforts on concentration practice.

　　I believe that through my efforts，I can gain good learning results by having good habits.

　　1．which。此處為which引導的非限制性定語從句。

　　2．Thus/Therefore。根據上下句可知，此處表示因果關系，故用Thus/Therefore表示“因此，所以”之意。

　　3．including。句意：因此，良好的學習習慣能夠幫助我們獲得好的學習效果，包括高分數和豐富的知識。

　　4．to/towards。one’s attitude to/towards sth.“對……的態度”。

　　5．As。句意：正如我們所明白的那樣，培養良好的習慣是重要的。

　　6．that。so...that“如此……以至于”。

　　7．writing。句中by為介詞，其后需要跟動名詞形式作賓語。

　　8．meaningful。and前面impressive為形容詞，其后同樣需要形容詞才可以。meaningful“有意義的；有價值的”。

　　9．just/only。句意：我僅僅能夠集中注意力讀書很短的時間。

　　10．will conquer。句意：通過注意力的練習，我將會克服這個問題。

　　Ⅲ.短文改錯

　　假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

　　增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

　　刪除：把多余的詞用斜線()劃掉。

　　修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

　　注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

　　2．只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。

　　Zhang Xiaowen，who is sixteen，a middle school student in Northern China.She is one of the best student in her class and she was won an award for young scientists last year.When seating in the classroom she looks just like all her classmates.And after class her life is obvious different.She was born without the ability to use her legs and she has no feeling below the waist.She had to use a wheelchair to get around.And it often takes her a little long to do everyday things，such as getting out of bed，getting dressed and going to the school.So far she has created many programmes and one of which received an award at her province’s science fair.

　　答案：

　　Zhang Xiaowen，who is sixteen， a middle school student in Northern China.She is one of the best

　　in her class and she was'won an award for young scientists last year.When

　　in the classroom she looks just like all her classmates. after class her life is

　　different.She was born without the ability to use her legs and she has no feeling below the waist.She

　　to use a wheelchair to get around.And it often takes her a little

　　to do everyday things，such as getting out of bed，getting dressed and going to the'school.So far she has created many programmes and one of

　　received an award at her province’s science fair.

　　Ⅳ.小寫作

　　【寫作素材】

　　1．大家普遍認為幾乎所有的中國人都贊成學習唐詩。(acknowledge; approve of)

　　2．唐詩不僅很美，而且還反映歷史，對我們有深刻的影響。(reflect; impact)

　　3．我們讀唐詩時，要耐心地欣賞。(with patience)

　　4．當遇到不能理解的句子時，我們應該咨詢老師。(consult)

　　5．通過和他人分享詩歌，我們可以結交一些朋友。(share; acquaintance)

　　One possible version：

　　It’s widely acknowledged that almost all the Chinese approve of learning the Tang Poems，because they are not only beautiful but also reflect history，which have a great impact on us.When we read them，we must appreciate them with patience.When meeting with difficult sentences，we should consult our teachers.Besides，we can make the acquaintance of others by sharing poems.

　　課時規范訓練(單獨成冊)

　　訓練(四十八)

　　Ⅰ.閱讀理解

　　閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C、D)中，選出最佳選項。

　　A

　　He was once referred to as the Picasso of poetry.Beloved by Chileans of all classes，he is one of the most widely read and respected poets in history.And this year is the 100th birthday of Pablo Neruda (1904—1973)．

　　Born with the name Neftali Ricardo Reyes Basolto，he was a tall，shy and lonely boy.He loved to read and started to write poetry when he was ten.The American poet Walt Whitman，whose framed picture Neruda later kept on his table became a major influence on his work.

　　However，his father did not like the idea of having a poet for a son and tried to discourage him from writing.To cover up (掩飾) the publication of his first poem，he took the pen name Pablo Neruda.

　　In 1924 Neruda gained fame with his most widely read work “Twenty Love Poems and a Song of Despair.” Yet his rich experience as a diplomat and exile (流犯) made him go beyond the theme of love.His work also reflected the political struggle of the left and development of South America.He was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1971.

　　Neruda loved the sea which he saw as creative，destructive and forever moving.He found inspiration in the power and freedom of the waves and the seabirds on the coast.“I need the sea because it teaches me，” he wrote.“I move in the university of the waves.” He loved how the sea forever renewed itself，a renewal echoed in his work.

　　【解題導語】　本文屬于人物介紹類短文閱讀。文章介紹了著名詩人Pablo Neruda的生平。Pablo Neruda本名Neftali Ricardo Reyes Basolto，從小酷愛寫作，立志成為一名詩人。其創作風格深受美國詩人Walt Whitman的影響。他的作品主要以愛情為主題，但同時對政治的抗爭也是非常重要的話題。1971年獲得諾貝爾文學獎。

　　1．The underlined word “Picasso” can probably be replaced by “

　　A．most important person

　　B．famous person from Picasso

　　C．freedom fighter in Picasso

　　D．poem fans

　　解析：選A。詞義猜測題。根據第一段中的“the Picasso of poetry”(詩中的畢加索)可知，畢加索在繪畫中占據了非常重要的位置；同時根據下句“he is one of the most widely read and respected poets in history”(他是有史以來讀者最多，且最被尊重的詩人之一)可知答案為A。

　　2．Neftali Ricardo Reyes Basolto took the pen name Pablo Neruda because

　　.

　　A．literary greats usually used the pen name

　　B．his father encouraged him to use the name

　　C．he wanted to prevent his father knowing the publication

　　D．he was greatly influenced by other poets

　　解析：選C。細節辨析題。根據第三段中的“However，his father did not like the idea of having a poet for a son and tried to discourage him from writing.To cover up (掩飾) the publication of his first poem，he took the pen name Pablo Neruda.”(然而，他的父親并不支持他成為詩人的夢想，甚至嘗試著讓他放棄寫作。所以，為了掩飾他的第一部作品的出版，他使用了筆名Pablo Neruda。)可知答案為C。

　　3．Which of the following is not the theme of his works?

　　A．Love.

　　B．Political struggle.

　　C．Social reform.

　　D．Development of South America.

　　解析：選C。細節辨析題。根據第四段中的“Yet his rich experience as a diplomat and exile (流犯) made him go beyond the theme of love.His work also reflected the political struggle of the left and development of South America.”(然而，他作為外交官和流犯的豐富經歷使他的作品不僅僅限于愛情內，也反映了政治斗爭和南美洲的發展。)可知答案為C。

　　4．The last paragraph mainly tells us

　　A．the sea gave Neruda vast writing inspiration

　　B．the beautiful scenery along the Chile coast

　　C．Neruda’s poems were widely read overseas

　　D．Neruda loved to write his poems near the sea

　　解析：選A。概括大意題。根據最后一段內容尤其是中心句“He found inspiration in the power and freedom of the waves and the seabirds on the coast.”(他在海的力量，海浪的自由和海灘上的海鳥中找到了靈感。)可知答案為A。

　　B

　　Nicholas Grace is no stranger to giving to strangers.He spent most of his career directing charities that helped the mentally ill，elderly and others in need.He also gave great courage to Brigid，his wife，of nearly 60 years.After she had a stroke in 2008，he cared for her for six years until she died in the summer of 2024.And then he was astonished to have time on his hands.

　　Grace，who lives in the village of Overton in Hampshire，England，became a volunteer driver for a local hospice(收容所)，but that didn’t keep him busy enough.The lifelong blood donor wanted to continue donating blood，but he was told the cut-off(截止)age for donation was 70.

　　What Grace did instead set records in the United Kingdom and captured the attention of doctors on this side of the Atlantic.At age 83，he became Britain’s oldest living kidney donor.He chose to give a kidney to a complete stranger.

　　Grace shared a detailed and thoughtful diary of his journey toward kidney donation with TODAY.com.In it，he reflected on the practical and emotional motives that prompted him.“The practical motives are the facts that I am fit，having no dependents or responsibilities，and I am retired and have plenty of time，”Grace wrote.“The emotional motives are that I have led an easy，comfortable and selfish life，enjoyed excellent health and wanted to repay some of my good fortune.”

　　Grace said he realized thousands of people are waiting for a suitable kidney，and many die while waiting.“I couldn’t have lived with myself with the knowledge that I had had the chance of changing someone’s life and turned it down，”he said.

　　The National Kidney Foundation noted that transplants performed from living donors have advantages over transplants from dead donors：A kidney from a living donor usually functions immediately，and survival rates of living donor kidneys are higher.

　　【解題導語】　尼古拉斯·克雷斯熱愛慈善，一直以來都慷慨捐獻。他一生中獻血無數，直到受年齡限制不能再捐獻。那么現在83歲高齡的克雷斯還能捐獻什么呢？

　　5．We can inter from Para.1 that Nicholas Grace

　　A．had a large amount of money

　　B．offered deep love to his wife

　　C．enjoyed doing nothing at home

　　D．spent much money to save his wife

　　解析：選B。細節理解題。根據第一段倒數第二句中的“...he cared for her for six years until she died in the summer of 2024.”可知，克雷斯對妻子很好，他深愛他的妻子，故選B項。

　　6．Nicholas Grace couldn’t donate blood any longer probably because

　　A．his blood has become bad

　　B．he kept very busy every day

　　C．he had donated too much blood

　　D．he was refused to donate because of age

　　解析：選D。細節理解題。根據第二段最后一句“The lifelong blood donor wanted to continue donating blood，but he was told the cut-off age for donation was 70.”可知，他不能再獻血是因為已經超齡，故D項正確。

　　7．When Grace expected to donate his kidney，people might think he was

　　A．respectableB．strong

　　C．stubborn D．wealthy

　　解析：選A。推理判斷題。根據第三段最后兩句“At age 83，he became Britain’s oldest living kidney donor.He chose to give a kidney to a complete stranger.”可知，克雷斯在83高齡還想捐器官給別人，由此推斷人們認為他是可敬的，故選A項。

　　8．What may be one of the reasons that Grace will donate his kidney?

　　A．He has suffered a bad disease.

　　B．He should be responsible for others.

　　C．He can live until his kidney is in need.

　　D．He has to depend on other people.

　　解析：選C。細節理解題。通讀全文可知，克雷斯身體健康，再根據第四段中的“have plenty of time”可知，他感覺自己有足夠的時間去等能用他的腎的人出現，因此他想捐出自己的腎，故選C項。

　　Ⅱ.語法填空

　　閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當的內容(1個單詞)或括號內單詞的正確形式。

　　How Learning Habits Influence Learning Results

　　It’s useful and necessary to discuss learning habits.There is a famous saying “Good habits lead to good endings”，1.

　　shows the importance of habits.

　　“An apple a day keeps the doctor away.” also shows how a healthy everyday habit helps to build up our body.2.

　　，good learning habits can help us gain great learning results 3.

　　(include) high scores and abundant knowledge.At first，learning habits form our ways of thinking and attitudes 4.

　　the content of our learning.Obviously，a good habit can help us to speed up to reach our destinations.5.

　　we can see，cultivating a good habit is so important 6.

　　I would like to introduce one kind of good learning habit—keeping a learning diary every day.We can start the learning by 7.

　　(write) summaries and remember to record something impressive and 8.

　　(meaning)．Keep it in mind，and gradually we can gain this good learning habit and benefit from it.

　　What’s more，I find out that I still have some bad learning habits as well.I can 9.

　　concentrate on reading for a short time and I 10.

　　(conquer) this problem by spending more efforts on concentration practice.

　　I believe that through my efforts，I can gain good learning results by having good habits.

　　1．which。此處為which引導的非限制性定語從句。

　　2．Thus/Therefore。根據上下句可知，此處表示因果關系，故用Thus/Therefore表示“因此，所以”之意。

　　3．including。句意：因此，良好的學習習慣能夠幫助我們獲得好的學習效果，包括高分數和豐富的知識。

　　4．to/towards。one’s attitude to/towards sth.“對……的態度”。

　　5．As。句意：正如我們所明白的那樣，培養良好的習慣是重要的。

　　6．that。so...that“如此……以至于”。

　　7．writing。句中by為介詞，其后需要跟動名詞形式作賓語。

　　8．meaningful。and前面impressive為形容詞，其后同樣需要形容詞才可以。meaningful“有意義的；有價值的”。

　　9．just/only。句意：我僅僅能夠集中注意力讀書很短的時間。

　　10．will conquer。句意：通過注意力的練習，我將會克服這個問題。

　?、?短文改錯

　　假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

　　增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

　　刪除：把多余的詞用斜線()劃掉。

　　修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

　　注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

　　2．只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。

　　Zhang Xiaowen，who is sixteen，a middle school student in Northern China.She is one of the best student in her class and she was won an award for young scientists last year.When seating in the classroom she looks just like all her classmates.And after class her life is obvious different.She was born without the ability to use her legs and she has no feeling below the waist.She had to use a wheelchair to get around.And it often takes her a little long to do everyday things，such as getting out of bed，getting dressed and going to the school.So far she has created many programmes and one of which received an award at her province’s science fair.

　　答案：

　　Zhang Xiaowen，who is sixteen， a middle school student in Northern China.She is one of the best

　　in her class and she was'won an award for young scientists last year.When

　　in the classroom she looks just like all her classmates. after class her life is

　　different.She was born without the ability to use her legs and she has no feeling below the waist.She

　　to use a wheelchair to get around.And it often takes her a little

　　to do everyday things，such as getting out of bed，getting dressed and going to the'school.So far she has created many programmes and one of

　　received an award at her province’s science fair.

　?、?小寫作

　　【寫作素材】

　　1．大家普遍認為幾乎所有的中國人都贊成學習唐詩。(acknowledge; approve of)

　　2．唐詩不僅很美，而且還反映歷史，對我們有深刻的影響。(reflect; impact)

　　3．我們讀唐詩時，要耐心地欣賞。(with patience)

　　4．當遇到不能理解的句子時，我們應該咨詢老師。(consult)

　　5．通過和他人分享詩歌，我們可以結交一些朋友。(share; acquaintance)

　　One possible version：

　　It’s widely acknowledged that almost all the Chinese approve of learning the Tang Poems，because they are not only beautiful but also reflect history，which have a great impact on us.When we read them，we must appreciate them with patience.When meeting with difficult sentences，we should consult our teachers.Besides，we can make the acquaintance of others by sharing poems.