高三英語一輪復習 專題5 時態(tài)與語態(tài)

　　Ⅰ.語法單句填空

　　1．—Why does the lake smell terrible?

　　—Because large quantities of water ________ been polluted.

　　答案：have　句意為：——為什么這個湖聞起來這么臭？——因為大量的水被污染了。large quantities of...作主語，謂語用復數(shù)形式；pollute和water之間是邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，故用被動語態(tài)。

　　2．—It is said that you missed the class meeting yesterday afternoon?

　　—Not exactly. When I got to the classroom, the head teacher ________(finish) it.

　　答案：was finishing　句意為：——據(jù)說你錯過昨天下午的班會了？——不完全準確，當我到教室時，班主任正要結(jié)束會議。由題干可知，事情發(fā)生在過去；finish可以用進行時表示將來含義，was finishing強調(diào)會議將要完結(jié)。

　　3．—Isn't it the first time you've been in Chongqing? It surprises me a lot that you seems to know the city very well.

　　—No. Though I live in Shanghai now, I ________(work) here for almost three years.

　　答案：worked　句意為：——這難道不是你第一次來重慶嗎？令我驚訝的是你好像很了解重慶。——是。盡管我現(xiàn)在住在上海，我曾在這兒工作了三年。在重慶工作是發(fā)生在過去的動作，且對現(xiàn)在沒有影響，應用一般過去時。

　　4．—Haven't I told you that you should be home earlier?

　　—Yes, but I ________(come) home earlier than I usually do.

　　答案：came　句意為：——難道我沒有告訴你要早點回家嗎？——你說了。但我確實比以前回來得早。由句意可知，說話者已經(jīng)回家了，所以回家這個動作發(fā)生在過去。

　　5．How many English songs ________ you ________(learn) by the end of last term?

　　答案：had；learned　句意為：到上學期結(jié)束時你學了多少首英文歌？時間狀語by the end of last term常用于過去完成時中。

　　6．—You look excited!

　　—I ________(find) the expensive dictionary that I left in the library yesterday.

　　答案：have found　句意為：——你看起來很興奮！——我找到了昨天我丟在圖書館的那本昂貴的字典。由題干可知，丟字典是昨天的事，而找到字典是現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)完成的動作，故用現(xiàn)在完成時。

　　7．Excuse me, Marcia, a reporter from Vanity Fair ________(phone) all day. Could you speak to her now?

　　答案：has been phoning　句意為：打擾了，瑪西亞，一名來自《名利場》的記者整天都在打電話給你，現(xiàn)在你能和她通話嗎？由all day可以看出，打電話這個動作一直在持續(xù)進行，而且還在繼續(xù)，故用現(xiàn)在完成進行時表示一直持續(xù)的動作。

　　8This brand of knife is quite popular with customers, for it ________(cut) well.

　　答案：cuts　句意為：這個品牌的刀很受消費者歡迎。因為它很好切(東西)。在動詞表示物體本身的屬性時，用主動形式表被動含義。在本句中，cut表示刀的屬性。

　　9．—How long would you like me to heat the oil?

　　—Heat it till it ________(start) to smoke.

　　答案：starts　句意為：——你想讓我將油加熱多長時間？——加熱到它開始冒煙。till引導的時間狀語從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時表將來。

　　10．—Mary, do remember to bring your e-dictionary tomorrow.

　　—Sure. I wouldn't if you ________ not ________(remind) me.

　　答案：had；reminded　句意為：——瑪麗，記得明天一定要把你的電子詞典帶過來。——當然，如果你沒有提醒，我也許忘了。if引導虛擬語氣條件句，提醒這個動作是過去發(fā)生的，故從句謂語動詞用had＋done表示與過去事實相反的假設(shè)。

　　11．Because the shop ________(close) down, all the T-shirts are sold at half price.

　　答案：is closing　句意為：因為這家店將要關(guān)張了，所有的T恤都半價出售。現(xiàn)在進行時可以表示將來的動作，本句中用現(xiàn)在進行時表示這家店將要關(guān)張。

　　12．—Tom almost ran into a pole yesterday while driving on the highway.

　　—I suppose he ________(drive) too fast.

　　答案：was driving　句意為：——湯姆昨天在高速公路上開車時，他差點撞到柱子上。——我猜他一定開得很快。drive這個動作發(fā)生在過去，用過去進行時強調(diào)他當時開得很快。

　　13．Tony is a lawyer now, but he ________(serve) in a delivery company for six years.

　　答案：served　句意為：托尼現(xiàn)在是位律師，但他曾經(jīng)在快遞公司工作了六年。serve這個動作發(fā)生在過去，且對現(xiàn)在沒有影響，用一般過去時。

　　14．What a pity! I ________(expect) to speak, but time didn't permit.

　　答案：had expected　句意為：多么遺憾！我本打算說話的，但時間不允許。expect這個動作發(fā)生在permit之前，故用過去完成時表示“過去的過去”。

　　15．—Have you watched the movie Gravity?

　　—Yes, I ________(watch) it with my sister.

　　答案：watched　句意為：——你已經(jīng)看了《萬有引力》這部電影了嗎？——是的，我和我的姐姐一起看的。watch這個動作發(fā)生在過去，故用一般過去時。

　　.單句改錯

　　1．However excellent the finished products are, if they are not properly priced they won't be sold well.

　　2．When the sun rises higher, some of the water will burn away.

　　3．Applicants for the job must be between 25 and 35 years old and a good command of English requires.

　　4．The experiment is worth doing. At least it will have given us some valuable experience.

　　5．I had telephoned him twice in the morning but couldn't get through to him.

　　6．He was so rude! I should have walked away then, but I don't want to ruin the party.

　　7．No sooner did he shut the door than his wife called him back inside.

　　8．I was looking for my documents for hours before I found them.

　　9．When I was a child, I couldn't watch TV until I finished my homework.

　　10．My teacher usually arrived at school at 7 in the morning, but today she hasn't showed up till now.

　　答案：1.be sold→sell　2.burn→be burned/burnt

　　3．requires→is required　4.will have given→will give

　　5．had telephoned→telephoned　6.don't→didn't　7.did→had　8.was looking for→had been looking for

　　9．finished→had finished　10.arrived→arrives

　　高三英語一輪復習 專題5 時態(tài)與語態(tài)

　　Ⅰ.語法單句填空

　　1．—Why does the lake smell terrible?

　　—Because large quantities of water ________ been polluted.

　　答案：have　句意為：——為什么這個湖聞起來這么臭？——因為大量的水被污染了。large quantities of...作主語，謂語用復數(shù)形式；pollute和water之間是邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，故用被動語態(tài)。

　　2．—It is said that you missed the class meeting yesterday afternoon?

　　—Not exactly. When I got to the classroom, the head teacher ________(finish) it.

　　答案：was finishing　句意為：——據(jù)說你錯過昨天下午的班會了？——不完全準確，當我到教室時，班主任正要結(jié)束會議。由題干可知，事情發(fā)生在過去；finish可以用進行時表示將來含義，was finishing強調(diào)會議將要完結(jié)。

　　3．—Isn't it the first time you've been in Chongqing? It surprises me a lot that you seems to know the city very well.

　　—No. Though I live in Shanghai now, I ________(work) here for almost three years.

　　答案：worked　句意為：——這難道不是你第一次來重慶嗎？令我驚訝的是你好像很了解重慶。——是。盡管我現(xiàn)在住在上海，我曾在這兒工作了三年。在重慶工作是發(fā)生在過去的動作，且對現(xiàn)在沒有影響，應用一般過去時。

　　4．—Haven't I told you that you should be home earlier?

　　—Yes, but I ________(come) home earlier than I usually do.

　　答案：came　句意為：——難道我沒有告訴你要早點回家嗎？——你說了。但我確實比以前回來得早。由句意可知，說話者已經(jīng)回家了，所以回家這個動作發(fā)生在過去。

　　5．How many English songs ________ you ________(learn) by the end of last term?

　　答案：had；learned　句意為：到上學期結(jié)束時你學了多少首英文歌？時間狀語by the end of last term常用于過去完成時中。

　　6．—You look excited!

　　—I ________(find) the expensive dictionary that I left in the library yesterday.

　　答案：have found　句意為：——你看起來很興奮！——我找到了昨天我丟在圖書館的那本昂貴的字典。由題干可知，丟字典是昨天的事，而找到字典是現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)完成的動作，故用現(xiàn)在完成時。

　　7．Excuse me, Marcia, a reporter from Vanity Fair ________(phone) all day. Could you speak to her now?

　　答案：has been phoning　句意為：打擾了，瑪西亞，一名來自《名利場》的記者整天都在打電話給你，現(xiàn)在你能和她通話嗎？由all day可以看出，打電話這個動作一直在持續(xù)進行，而且還在繼續(xù)，故用現(xiàn)在完成進行時表示一直持續(xù)的動作。

　　8This brand of knife is quite popular with customers, for it ________(cut) well.

　　答案：cuts　句意為：這個品牌的刀很受消費者歡迎。因為它很好切(東西)。在動詞表示物體本身的屬性時，用主動形式表被動含義。在本句中，cut表示刀的屬性。

　　9．—How long would you like me to heat the oil?

　　—Heat it till it ________(start) to smoke.

　　答案：starts　句意為：——你想讓我將油加熱多長時間？——加熱到它開始冒煙。till引導的時間狀語從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時表將來。

　　10．—Mary, do remember to bring your e-dictionary tomorrow.

　　—Sure. I wouldn't if you ________ not ________(remind) me.

　　答案：had；reminded　句意為：——瑪麗，記得明天一定要把你的電子詞典帶過來。——當然，如果你沒有提醒，我也許忘了。if引導虛擬語氣條件句，提醒這個動作是過去發(fā)生的，故從句謂語動詞用had＋done表示與過去事實相反的假設(shè)。

　　11．Because the shop ________(close) down, all the T-shirts are sold at half price.

　　答案：is closing　句意為：因為這家店將要關(guān)張了，所有的T恤都半價出售。現(xiàn)在進行時可以表示將來的動作，本句中用現(xiàn)在進行時表示這家店將要關(guān)張。

　　12．—Tom almost ran into a pole yesterday while driving on the highway.

　　—I suppose he ________(drive) too fast.

　　答案：was driving　句意為：——湯姆昨天在高速公路上開車時，他差點撞到柱子上。——我猜他一定開得很快。drive這個動作發(fā)生在過去，用過去進行時強調(diào)他當時開得很快。

　　13．Tony is a lawyer now, but he ________(serve) in a delivery company for six years.

　　答案：served　句意為：托尼現(xiàn)在是位律師，但他曾經(jīng)在快遞公司工作了六年。serve這個動作發(fā)生在過去，且對現(xiàn)在沒有影響，用一般過去時。

　　14．What a pity! I ________(expect) to speak, but time didn't permit.

　　答案：had expected　句意為：多么遺憾！我本打算說話的，但時間不允許。expect這個動作發(fā)生在permit之前，故用過去完成時表示“過去的過去”。

　　15．—Have you watched the movie Gravity?

　　—Yes, I ________(watch) it with my sister.

　　答案：watched　句意為：——你已經(jīng)看了《萬有引力》這部電影了嗎？——是的，我和我的姐姐一起看的。watch這個動作發(fā)生在過去，故用一般過去時。

　　.單句改錯

　　1．However excellent the finished products are, if they are not properly priced they won't be sold well.

　　2．When the sun rises higher, some of the water will burn away.

　　3．Applicants for the job must be between 25 and 35 years old and a good command of English requires.

　　4．The experiment is worth doing. At least it will have given us some valuable experience.

　　5．I had telephoned him twice in the morning but couldn't get through to him.

　　6．He was so rude! I should have walked away then, but I don't want to ruin the party.

　　7．No sooner did he shut the door than his wife called him back inside.

　　8．I was looking for my documents for hours before I found them.

　　9．When I was a child, I couldn't watch TV until I finished my homework.

　　10．My teacher usually arrived at school at 7 in the morning, but today she hasn't showed up till now.

　　答案：1.be sold→sell　2.burn→be burned/burnt

　　3．requires→is required　4.will have given→will give

　　5．had telephoned→telephoned　6.don't→didn't　7.did→had　8.was looking for→had been looking for

　　9．finished→had finished　10.arrived→arrives