六級(jí)聽(tīng)力題目構(gòu)成與比例

　　小對(duì)話： 8% 選擇題共8段小對(duì)話，8道題

　　長(zhǎng)對(duì)話： 7% 選擇題共2段長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，7道題

　　短文聽(tīng)力： 10% 選擇題共3篇文章，10道題

　　復(fù)合式聽(tīng)寫(xiě)：10% 聽(tīng)寫(xiě)填空填8個(gè)單詞和三句話，放音三遍

　　聽(tīng)力位于考試的卷二部分，共占全卷35%。

　　六級(jí)聽(tīng)力選擇題目答題方法點(diǎn)撥

　　一，基本解題思路

　　小對(duì)話：視聽(tīng)反向原則、同義替換原則。

　　視聽(tīng)反向原則是指，在小對(duì)話的題目中，看似明顯被讀到的選項(xiàng)反而更容易是錯(cuò)的。但須注意，當(dāng)小對(duì)話原文本身較長(zhǎng)或生僻詞較多時(shí)，該原則可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)特例，如03年6月第8題。

　　同義替換是指，若某一選項(xiàng)中的單詞或短語(yǔ)是聽(tīng)力原文中單詞或短語(yǔ)的同義形式，則該選項(xiàng)容易為正確。

　　例題：

　　6月六級(jí)考試第4題

　　A. The woman doesnt think it a problem to get her passport renewed.

　　B. The woman has difficulty renewing her passport.

　　C. The woman hasnt renewed her passport yet.

　　D. The womans passport is still valid.

　　原文：

　　M: Have you run up against any problems in getting the passport renewed?

　　W: I havent started applying yet.

　　Q: What do we know from the conversation?

　　解析：可以明顯看出，本題的答案為D.其中，另外三項(xiàng)的大部分單詞或短語(yǔ)都被讀到。valid意為(在一段時(shí)間內(nèi))有效的。

　　例題：

　　6月六級(jí)考試第15題

　　A. More money. B. Fair treatment. C. A college education. D. Shorter work hours.

　　原文：

　　W: I hear your boss has a real good impression of you and he is thinking about giving you two more days off each month.

　　M: I hope not. Id rather get more work hours so I can get enough bucks to help out my two kids at college.

　　Q: What does the man truly want?

　　解析：準(zhǔn)確答案A。More money 替換enough bucks，同義替換，聽(tīng)到的慎選。

　　例題：

　　12月六級(jí)考試第16題

　　A. Fixing some furniture. B. Repairing the toy train.

　　C. Reading the instructions. D. Assembling the bookcase.

　　原文：

　　M: The instructions on the package say that you need to do some assembly yourself. Ive spent all afternoon trying in vain to put this bookcase together.

　　W: I know what you mean. Last time I tried to assemble a toy train for my son and I almost gave up.

　　Q: What does the man find difficult?

　　解析：準(zhǔn)確答案D。assemble 和put...together同義替換，聽(tīng)到部分的慎選。

　　長(zhǎng)對(duì)話和短文聽(tīng)力：視聽(tīng)基本一致原則、同義替換原則、特殊詞定位原則

　　視聽(tīng)基本一致的含義是指，若聽(tīng)到的原文和看到的選項(xiàng)基本一致，則選項(xiàng)容易為正確。這一點(diǎn)和小對(duì)話的原則恰恰相反，請(qǐng)考生一定注意。

　　同義替換原則，同小對(duì)話。

　　特殊詞定位原則是指，在原文中特殊詞(如序數(shù)詞1st，極端詞most、most important、only，邏輯連接詞because、since、but、however，以及自問(wèn)自答的回答部分)后面很可能出現(xiàn)正確答案信息。

　　例題：

　　6月六級(jí)考試第1道長(zhǎng)對(duì)話：

　　Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

　　19. A. Current trends in economic development.

　　B. Domestic issues of general social concern.

　　C. Stories about Britains relations with other nations.

　　D. Conflicts and compromises among political parties.

　　20. A. Based on the poll of public opinions.

　　B. By interviewing people who file complaints.

　　C. By analyzing the domestic and international situation.

　　D. Based on public expectations and editors judgment.

　　21. A. Underlying rules of editing.

　　B. Practical experience.

　　C. Audiences feedback.

　　D. Professional qualifications.

　　答案：BDB

　　原文：

　　Long conversation one

　　W: Youre the editor of Public Eye. What kind of topics does your program cover?

　　M: Well, there are essentially domestic stories. We dont cover international stories. We dont cover party politics or economics. We do issues of general social concern (19題答案，視聽(tīng)基本一致原則)to our British audience. They can be anything from the future of the health service to the way the environment is going downhill.

　　W: How do you choose the topic? (聽(tīng)到choose the topic，同時(shí)看到20題選項(xiàng)by和based on，即可猜到20題是與這個(gè)問(wèn)題關(guān)聯(lián)的)Do you choose one because its what the public wants to know about or because its what you feel the public ought to know about?

　　M: I think its a mixture of both.(第20題答案，需要簡(jiǎn)單概括歸納)Sometimes you have a strong feeling that something is important and you want to see it examined and you want to contribute to a public debate. Sometimes people come to you with things they are worried about and they can be quite small things. They can be a story about corruption in local government, something they cannot quite understand, why it doesnt seem to be working out properly, like they are not having their litter collected properly or the dustbins emptied.

　　W: How do you know that youve got a really successful program? One that is just right for the time?

　　M: I think you get a sense about it after working in it in a number of years(21題答案，同義替換practical experience). You know which stories are going to get the attention. They are going to be published just the point when the public are concerned about that.

　　Q19-21

　　19. What kind of topics does Public Eye cover?

　　20. How does Public Eye choose its topics?

　　21. What factor plays an important role in running a successful program?

　　例題：

　　6月六級(jí)考試第3篇短文聽(tīng)力第34題

　　34.. A. There was a bomb scare.

　　B. There was a terrorist attack.

　　C. A fire alarm was set off by mistake.

　　D. 50 pounds of explosives were found.

　　答案：A

　　原文：

　　There was another bomb scare in a large London store last night(34題答案，視聽(tīng)基本一致原則) during late night shopping. Following a telephone call to the police from an anonymous caller, hundreds of shoppers were shepherded out of the store while roads in the area were sealed off. Police dogs spent hours searching the store for a bag which the caller claimed contained 50 pounds of explosives. Nothing was found and the store was given the all-clear by opening time this morning. A police spokesman said that this was the third bomb scare within a week and that we should all be on our guard.

　　Q34: Why did people have to leave the London store last night?

　　例題：

　　12月六級(jí)考試第1篇短文聽(tīng)力：

　　Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

　　11.A. To find ways to treat human wastes.

　　B. To study the problems of local industries.

　　C. To conduct a study on fishing in the Biramichi River.

　　D. To investigate the annual catch of fish in the Biramichi River.

　　12.A. Serious pollution upstream.

　　B. Lack of oxygen.

　　C. Overgrowth of water plants.

　　D. Low water level.

　　13.A. Theyll be closed down.

　　B. Theyll be moved to other places.

　　C. Theyre going to dismiss some of their employees.

　　D. They have no money to build chemical treatment plants.

　　14.A. Because the local fishing cooperative decided to reduce its catch.

　　B. Because the local Chamber of Commerce tried preserve fishes.

　　C. Because there were fewer fish in the river.

　　D. Because over-fishing was prohibited.

　　答案：CBDC

　　原文：

　　There are some serious problems in the Biramichi River. The local chamber of commerce, which represents the industry in the area, hired me as a consultant to do a one year study on fishing in the Biramichi River(第11題答案，視聽(tīng)基本一致原則) and write a report for them. This is my report:

　　One of the major problems in the Biramichi River is that the level of oxygen in the water is too low.(第12題答案，視聽(tīng)基本一致原則，注意major的定位作用) Several chemicals have displaced the oxygen. This chemical pollution has two sources: the factories which dump polluted water directly into the river and the local community which dumps untreated human wastes into the river. The local town government has already spent 2 million dollars on waste water treatment projects, but it will cost another 27 million to complete the projects. It will take at least 15 years for the town to collect enough revenue from taxes to complete these projects. The factories here employ 17,000 people in an area where there is very little alternative employment. It is not economically practical to close or relocate the factories. Also the factories cannot afford to finance chemical treatment plants by themselves.(第13題答案，視聽(tīng)基本一致原則)

　　Another problem is that the members of the Biramichi fishing cooperative are overfishing. Fishes are caught when they are on the way upstream to lay eggs. Consequently, not enough fish are left to reproduce in large number. The members of cooperative say that they had already reduced their annual catch by 50 percent. However, my studies indicate that they took fewer fish because there were fewer fish to catch(第14題答案，視聽(tīng)基本一致原則，注意because的定位作用), not because they were trying to preserve fishes.

　　11.What was the speaker assigned to do in the past year?

　　12.What is one of the problems in the Biramichi River?

　　13.What does the passage tell us about the factories along the river?

　　14.Why was the annual catch of fish in the Biramichi River reduced according to the speaker?

　　二，審題及利用選項(xiàng)推知答案

　　1. 審題的作用：

　　小對(duì)話看選項(xiàng)，判斷題目類型，推知解題方法。

　　長(zhǎng)對(duì)話及短文看選項(xiàng)，推斷問(wèn)題，方便運(yùn)用視聽(tīng)基本一致原則且?guī)椭ㄎ弧ｎA(yù)測(cè)長(zhǎng)對(duì)話或短文的主題。

　　2.如何在完全聽(tīng)不懂的情況下通過(guò)選項(xiàng)推知答案：

　　一般的，當(dāng)兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)意思相近或談?wù)摰脑掝}相同時(shí)，其中一個(gè)可能是正確答案;當(dāng)兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)通過(guò)同義轉(zhuǎn)換使得實(shí)際觀點(diǎn)相同時(shí)，兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)均不是答案;當(dāng)兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)話題相同且意思相反時(shí)，其中一個(gè)可能是正確答案。

　　例題：

　　6月六級(jí)考試第14題

　　14. .A. She can help the man take care of the plants.

　　B. Most plants grow better in direct sunlight.

　　C. The plants need to be watered frequently.

　　D. The plants should be placed in a shady spot.

　　答案：D

　　原文：

　　14. M: The plants next to the window always look brown. You wouldnt know by looking at them that I water them every week.

　　W: Maybe they dont like direct sunlight. I had the same problem with some of my plants. And a little shade helps them immensely.

　　Q: What does the woman imply?

　　解析：只看選項(xiàng)，CD選項(xiàng)相近且主語(yǔ)都是The plants，話題相同;BD選項(xiàng)話題相同且意思相反，所以選D 。

　　三，部分統(tǒng)計(jì)類規(guī)律

　　小對(duì)話：

　　六級(jí)小對(duì)話聽(tīng)力場(chǎng)景里的故事情節(jié)總趨于不完美性比如，訂票一般訂不到，課程一般比較難，作業(yè)一般不好做，等等。當(dāng)然，這只是一條統(tǒng)計(jì)規(guī)律，具體問(wèn)題具體分析。

　　另外的，一般情況下，小對(duì)話的第二句出現(xiàn)出題點(diǎn)的可能性大于第一句，也就是一般來(lái)講第二句比第一句重要，但也會(huì)有第一句出現(xiàn)出題點(diǎn)的可能。

　　長(zhǎng)對(duì)話及短文聽(tīng)力：

　　一般是順序出題原則，但當(dāng)有問(wèn)及全文主題等類題目出現(xiàn)時(shí)，有可能不按順序出題。

　　一般首句或首句群會(huì)出題。

　　六級(jí)聽(tīng)力復(fù)合式聽(tīng)寫(xiě)答題方法點(diǎn)撥

　　1， 審題。先看第一句，判斷出該篇的主題、感情基調(diào)及時(shí)態(tài)。再看單詞空格前后的單詞或短語(yǔ)，以此推知空格中所填單詞的詞性甚至詞義。此外還需注意句子空格前后是什么單詞，以判斷句子的起止點(diǎn)。

　　2， 速記。復(fù)合式聽(tīng)寫(xiě)在第一遍讀文章時(shí)，時(shí)間是比較不夠用的，所以如何鍛煉自己速記能力很重要。如departmentdept., difficultdifft, three months later 3m, eight days ago 8d等。對(duì)于寫(xiě)字慢的同學(xué)，句子不一定完全照搬，可以記下重點(diǎn)詞，之后憑印象和邏輯連詞成句。

　　3， 注意單詞拼寫(xiě)。一般常考的單詞是名詞和動(dòng)詞。名詞需要注意單復(fù)數(shù)，動(dòng)詞需要注意時(shí)態(tài)。句子中如果遇到不會(huì)拼寫(xiě)的單詞，可用同義詞替換。

　　例題：

　　6月六級(jí)考試復(fù)合式聽(tīng)寫(xiě)第36題

　　English is the leading international language. In different countries around the globe, English is acquired as the mother ________, in others its used as a second language.

　　答案：tongue

　　相信大部分同學(xué)只要看了這句話，就都可以猜出在空格里填入的單詞和前面mother構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)意思應(yīng)該是母語(yǔ)，于是填入tongue。實(shí)際上這個(gè)空格是無(wú)需聽(tīng)音即可填出的。

　　例題：

　　6月六級(jí)考試復(fù)合式聽(tīng)寫(xiě)第S1題

　　President Clinton later today joins ________presidents Ford, Garter and Bush at the presidents summit for Americans future aimed at recruiting one million volunteer tutors

　　答案： former

　　同樣的，無(wú)需聽(tīng)音，即可猜出S1空格應(yīng)和presidents搭配意為前總統(tǒng)，于是填入former.

　　六級(jí)聽(tīng)力考前兩周復(fù)習(xí)方法

　　1， 復(fù)習(xí)高頻詞匯、常見(jiàn)場(chǎng)景詞匯以及聽(tīng)力多義詞匯。

　　2， 總結(jié)真題中出現(xiàn)的固定搭配和習(xí)慣表達(dá)。

　　3， 多聽(tīng)真題，盡量做到每天一套真題。同學(xué)們一定會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，真題的參考性是非常大的，反復(fù)出一個(gè)考點(diǎn)在六級(jí)聽(tīng)力中屢見(jiàn)不鮮。

　　比如六級(jí)考試09年6月第13題，原文及選項(xiàng)均仿照02年6月第3題。

　　再如六級(jí)考試09年6月第15題，原文及選項(xiàng)均仿照00年6月第9題。

　　此外六級(jí)考試07年12月第11題，原文及選項(xiàng)均仿照00年1月第5題。

　　例題：

　　6月六級(jí)考試第13題

　　13. A. Taking a picture of Prof. Brown.

　　B. Commenting on an oil-painting.

　　C. Hosting a TV program.

　　D. Staging a performance.

　　答案：C

　　原文：

　　13. W: Well, tonight we have Professor Brown in our studio to talk about the famous oil painting of Queen Victoria. Good evening, professor.

　　M: Good evening, madam, my pleasure to be here tonight.