So long as teachers fail to distinguish between teaching and learning, they will continue to undertake to do for which only children can do for themselves. Teaching children to read is not passing reading on to them. It is certainly not endless hours spent in activities about reading. Douglas insists that reading cannot be taught directly and schools should stop trying to do the impossible.

　　Teaching and learning are two entirely different processes. They differ in kind and function. The function of teaching is to create the conditions and the climate that will make it possible for children to devise the most efficient system for teaching themselves to read. Teaching is also public activity: It can be seen and observed.

　　Learning to read involves all that each individual does not make sense of the world of printed language. Almost all of it is private, for learning is an occupation of the mind, and that process is not open to public scrutiny. If teacher and learner roles are not interchangeable, what then can be done through teaching that will aid the child in knowledge. Smith has one principal rule for all teaching instructions. Make learning to read easily, which means making reading a meaningful, enjoyable and frequent experience for children.

　　When the roles of teacher and learner are seen for what they are, and when both teacher and learner fulfill them appropriately, then much of the pressure and feeling of failure for both is eliminated. Learning to read is made easier when teachers create an environment where children are given the opportunity to solve the problem of learning to read by reading.

　　1. The problem with the reading course as mentioned in the first paragraph is that______.

　　A it is one of the most difficult school courses

　　B students spend endless hours in reading

　　C reading tasks are assigned with little guidance

　　D too much time is spent in teaching of reading

　　2. The teaching of reading will be successful if______.

　　A teachers can improve conditions at school for the students

　　B teachers can enable students to develop their own way of reading

　　aC teachers can devise the most efficient system for reading

　　D teachers can make their teaching activities observably

　　3. The word scrutiny most probably means______.

　　A inquiry B observation C control D suspicion

　　4. According to the passage, learning to read will no longer be a difficult task when ______.

　　A children become highly motivated

　　B teacher and learner roles are interchangeable

　　C teaching helps children in the search for knowledge

　　D reading enriches childrens experience

　　5. The main idea of the passage is that ______.

　　A teachers should do as little as possible in helping students learn to read

　　B teachers should encourage students to read as widely as possible

　　C reading ability is something acquired rather than taught

　　D reading is more complicated than generally believed

　　答案解析：

　　1. D。通過題干回到第二段找相對應的地方可以得知答案。根據短文得知，第一段里提到的閱讀課存在的問題是教學生閱讀花的時間太多。文章第一段里的第2-4 句：Teaching children to read is not passing reading on to them. It is certainly not endless hours spent in activities about reading. Douglas insists that reading cannot be taught directly and schools should stop trying to do the impossible. 根據endless hours spent in activities about reading可以判斷，大量的時間花在閱讀這一活動上，再結合Teaching children to read，可以看出閱讀活動是指教小孩閱讀而不是小孩自己閱讀，所以答案為D。

　　2. B。通過題干回到文章里找相對應的地方可以得知答案。根據短文得知，如果老師能夠讓學生培養起自己的閱讀方法，那么閱讀教學就成功了。文章第二段里的第三句： The function of teaching is to create the conditions and the climate that will make it possible for children to devise the most efficient system for teaching themselves to read. 根據該句子的意思，教閱讀是否成功在于for children to devise the most efficient system for teaching themselves to read，所以答案為B。

　　3. B。通過上下文可以得知答案。根據短文得知，scrutiny的意思是observation。文章第二段里的Teaching is also public activity: It can be seen and observed.與teaching 相對應的是learning to read, 而Almost all of itis private, for learning is an occupation of the mind, and that processes not open to public scrutiny.因而teaching: public, can be seen/observed,那么learning to read 則是private, not open to public scrutiny, scrutiny一定與seen/observed近義，所以答案為B。

　　4. A。通過題干回到文章里找相對應的地方可以得知答案。根據短文得知，當學生有強烈的學習動機時，學會閱讀就不再是一件難事。文章最后一句Learning to read is made easier when teachers create an environment where children are given the opportunity to solve the problem of learning to read by reading。句中的when隱含條件，在when條件中，關鍵是孩子有機會通過閱讀來解決學會閱讀這一問題，所以答案為A。

　　5. C。通過文章的主題句可以得知答案。根據短文得知，閱讀能力是后天習得，而不是老師教會的。文章的主題句，即para.1第一句：So long as teachers fail to distinguish between teaching and learning, they will continue to undertake to do for children that which only children can do for themselves.根據句子的意思，老師教孩子閱讀，而這種做法只不過是為孩子們做了只有他們自己才能做的事，所以答案為C。

　　So long as teachers fail to distinguish between teaching and learning, they will continue to undertake to do for which only children can do for themselves. Teaching children to read is not passing reading on to them. It is certainly not endless hours spent in activities about reading. Douglas insists that reading cannot be taught directly and schools should stop trying to do the impossible.

　　Teaching and learning are two entirely different processes. They differ in kind and function. The function of teaching is to create the conditions and the climate that will make it possible for children to devise the most efficient system for teaching themselves to read. Teaching is also public activity: It can be seen and observed.

　　Learning to read involves all that each individual does not make sense of the world of printed language. Almost all of it is private, for learning is an occupation of the mind, and that process is not open to public scrutiny. If teacher and learner roles are not interchangeable, what then can be done through teaching that will aid the child in knowledge. Smith has one principal rule for all teaching instructions. Make learning to read easily, which means making reading a meaningful, enjoyable and frequent experience for children.

　　When the roles of teacher and learner are seen for what they are, and when both teacher and learner fulfill them appropriately, then much of the pressure and feeling of failure for both is eliminated. Learning to read is made easier when teachers create an environment where children are given the opportunity to solve the problem of learning to read by reading.

　　1. The problem with the reading course as mentioned in the first paragraph is that______.

　　A it is one of the most difficult school courses

　　B students spend endless hours in reading

　　C reading tasks are assigned with little guidance

　　D too much time is spent in teaching of reading

　　2. The teaching of reading will be successful if______.

　　A teachers can improve conditions at school for the students

　　B teachers can enable students to develop their own way of reading

　　aC teachers can devise the most efficient system for reading

　　D teachers can make their teaching activities observably

　　3. The word scrutiny most probably means______.

　　A inquiry B observation C control D suspicion

　　4. According to the passage, learning to read will no longer be a difficult task when ______.

　　A children become highly motivated

　　B teacher and learner roles are interchangeable

　　C teaching helps children in the search for knowledge

　　D reading enriches childrens experience

　　5. The main idea of the passage is that ______.

　　A teachers should do as little as possible in helping students learn to read

　　B teachers should encourage students to read as widely as possible

　　C reading ability is something acquired rather than taught

　　D reading is more complicated than generally believed

　　答案解析：

　　1. D。通過題干回到第二段找相對應的地方可以得知答案。根據短文得知，第一段里提到的閱讀課存在的問題是教學生閱讀花的時間太多。文章第一段里的第2-4 句：Teaching children to read is not passing reading on to them. It is certainly not endless hours spent in activities about reading. Douglas insists that reading cannot be taught directly and schools should stop trying to do the impossible. 根據endless hours spent in activities about reading可以判斷，大量的時間花在閱讀這一活動上，再結合Teaching children to read，可以看出閱讀活動是指教小孩閱讀而不是小孩自己閱讀，所以答案為D。

　　2. B。通過題干回到文章里找相對應的地方可以得知答案。根據短文得知，如果老師能夠讓學生培養起自己的閱讀方法，那么閱讀教學就成功了。文章第二段里的第三句： The function of teaching is to create the conditions and the climate that will make it possible for children to devise the most efficient system for teaching themselves to read. 根據該句子的意思，教閱讀是否成功在于for children to devise the most efficient system for teaching themselves to read，所以答案為B。

　　3. B。通過上下文可以得知答案。根據短文得知，scrutiny的意思是observation。文章第二段里的Teaching is also public activity: It can be seen and observed.與teaching 相對應的是learning to read, 而Almost all of itis private, for learning is an occupation of the mind, and that processes not open to public scrutiny.因而teaching: public, can be seen/observed,那么learning to read 則是private, not open to public scrutiny, scrutiny一定與seen/observed近義，所以答案為B。

　　4. A。通過題干回到文章里找相對應的地方可以得知答案。根據短文得知，當學生有強烈的學習動機時，學會閱讀就不再是一件難事。文章最后一句Learning to read is made easier when teachers create an environment where children are given the opportunity to solve the problem of learning to read by reading。句中的when隱含條件，在when條件中，關鍵是孩子有機會通過閱讀來解決學會閱讀這一問題，所以答案為A。

　　5. C。通過文章的主題句可以得知答案。根據短文得知，閱讀能力是后天習得，而不是老師教會的。文章的主題句，即para.1第一句：So long as teachers fail to distinguish between teaching and learning, they will continue to undertake to do for children that which only children can do for themselves.根據句子的意思，老師教孩子閱讀，而這種做法只不過是為孩子們做了只有他們自己才能做的事，所以答案為C。