省略句知識點總結：“連詞+省略結構”用法歸納
【導語】英語語法讓很多學生都頭疼，因為復雜難懂的句式和詞組有時難以記憶。英語網(wǎng)為大家整理了英語語法大全，希望對同學們的英語語法學習有所幫助。更多內(nèi)容盡在英語網(wǎng)。
有這樣一道單選題：
Although _________A_________ my opinion, the old professor didnt come up with his own.
A. against B. on C. for D. in
此題答案選A。根據(jù)句首的although可知，前后兩者句意思相反，故against。全句意為：雖然老教授不同意的觀點，但他也提不出自己的觀點。句中的although against my opinion為although he was against my opinion之省略，為連詞+省略結構的一種。這類結構歸納起來主要有以下幾種類型：
一、連詞+介詞短語
While at college, Delia wrote a novel. 上大學時，迪莉婭寫了一部小說。
Once in the examination hall, he forgot about all this. 他一進考場，這一切他都忘了。
While in London, he studied the English labour movement. 在倫敦時他研究了英國的工人運動。
二、連詞+形容詞
He acted as if certain of success. 他表現(xiàn)得對成功很有把握似的。
If possible, let me know beforehand. 如果可能，可在事前通知我。
Though exhausted, he stayed up late. 盡管疲憊不堪，他仍很晚才睡。
Whenever possible, the children play outside. 每當可能，孩子們總在外邊玩耍。
Avoid structures of this kind wherever possible. 只要可能，都要避免這種結構。
Her daughters were of some help, however small. 她的女兒們總能幫些忙，不管多小的忙。
三、連詞+現(xiàn)在分詞
She tremble a little while doing so.
她這樣做時稍稍顫抖了一下。
He tends to get carried away when watching wrestling on TV.
他一看電視中的摔跤就很興奮。
They were surprised by her openness when talking about her private life.
她談起私生活時非常坦率，大家都很吃驚。
注：以下兩句中的before不是連詞，而是介詞，其的-ing動詞為動名詞，而非現(xiàn)在分詞：
Before giving evidence the witness had to take an oath.
證人作證前要先宣誓。
It would be unwise to buy the house before having it appraised.
買房子不事先估價是不明智的。
四、連詞+過去分詞
He will come if asked.
他如被邀就會來。
When asked, she confirmed that she was going to retire.
有人問她時，她肯定了她將要退休。
While locked up in prison, she wrote her first novel.
她在獄中寫出了第一部小說。
When taken according to the instructions, the drug has no side effects.
若按說明服用，本藥無任何副作用。
五、連詞+不定式
Success in business is simply a matter of knowing when to take a chance.
商業(yè)上的成功就在于把握時機。
Smiling pleasantly, the stranger turned as if to speak to me.
那個陌生人面帶愉悅的笑容，轉身向我，似乎想對我說話。
【溫馨提示】
1. 連詞+省略結構通常可視為一種緊縮的狀語從句，即認為是省略了從句的主語(與主句主語一致)和主語后的動詞be。如：
Look out for cars when (your are) crossing the street.
過街時注意車輛。
He acted as if (he was) certain of success.
他的舉止就像一定會成功一樣。
有時可視為省略了it is(其中的it并非主句主語)。如：
lf (it is) possible, please let me know by this evening.
如果可能的話，請在今晚以前告訴我。
Where (it is) necessary, improvements will be made.
哪兒需要，就在哪兒改進。
2. 并不是所有的狀語從句都可以用以上辦法來緊縮的，如原因從句就不能用這種辦法來處理。
3. 與上面提到的省略結構相似且經(jīng)常在高考中出現(xiàn)的還有if not這一種形式。如：
His pronunciation, if not good, is at least tolerable.
他的發(fā)音如果說不算好，也還過得去。
If not today, tomorrow Im sure youll get an answer.
如果今天得不到回信，明天準能得到。
Usually, if not always, we write cannot as one word.
我們即使不總是如此，也通常是把cannot作為一個詞來寫的。
This is one of the oldest buildings in town, if not the oldest.
這是城里最古老的房屋之一，如果不是最古老的話。
【導語】英語語法讓很多學生都頭疼，因為復雜難懂的句式和詞組有時難以記憶。英語網(wǎng)為大家整理了英語語法大全，希望對同學們的英語語法學習有所幫助。更多內(nèi)容盡在英語網(wǎng)。
有這樣一道單選題：
Although _________A_________ my opinion, the old professor didnt come up with his own.
A. against B. on C. for D. in
此題答案選A。根據(jù)句首的although可知，前后兩者句意思相反，故against。全句意為：雖然老教授不同意的觀點，但他也提不出自己的觀點。句中的although against my opinion為although he was against my opinion之省略，為連詞+省略結構的一種。這類結構歸納起來主要有以下幾種類型：
一、連詞+介詞短語
While at college, Delia wrote a novel. 上大學時，迪莉婭寫了一部小說。
Once in the examination hall, he forgot about all this. 他一進考場，這一切他都忘了。
While in London, he studied the English labour movement. 在倫敦時他研究了英國的工人運動。
二、連詞+形容詞
He acted as if certain of success. 他表現(xiàn)得對成功很有把握似的。
If possible, let me know beforehand. 如果可能，可在事前通知我。
Though exhausted, he stayed up late. 盡管疲憊不堪，他仍很晚才睡。
Whenever possible, the children play outside. 每當可能，孩子們總在外邊玩耍。
Avoid structures of this kind wherever possible. 只要可能，都要避免這種結構。
Her daughters were of some help, however small. 她的女兒們總能幫些忙，不管多小的忙。
三、連詞+現(xiàn)在分詞
She tremble a little while doing so.
她這樣做時稍稍顫抖了一下。
He tends to get carried away when watching wrestling on TV.
他一看電視中的摔跤就很興奮。
They were surprised by her openness when talking about her private life.
她談起私生活時非常坦率，大家都很吃驚。
注：以下兩句中的before不是連詞，而是介詞，其的-ing動詞為動名詞，而非現(xiàn)在分詞：
Before giving evidence the witness had to take an oath.
證人作證前要先宣誓。
It would be unwise to buy the house before having it appraised.
買房子不事先估價是不明智的。
四、連詞+過去分詞
He will come if asked.
他如被邀就會來。
When asked, she confirmed that she was going to retire.
有人問她時，她肯定了她將要退休。
While locked up in prison, she wrote her first novel.
她在獄中寫出了第一部小說。
When taken according to the instructions, the drug has no side effects.
若按說明服用，本藥無任何副作用。
五、連詞+不定式
Success in business is simply a matter of knowing when to take a chance.
商業(yè)上的成功就在于把握時機。
Smiling pleasantly, the stranger turned as if to speak to me.
那個陌生人面帶愉悅的笑容，轉身向我，似乎想對我說話。
【溫馨提示】
1. 連詞+省略結構通常可視為一種緊縮的狀語從句，即認為是省略了從句的主語(與主句主語一致)和主語后的動詞be。如：
Look out for cars when (your are) crossing the street.
過街時注意車輛。
He acted as if (he was) certain of success.
他的舉止就像一定會成功一樣。
有時可視為省略了it is(其中的it并非主句主語)。如：
lf (it is) possible, please let me know by this evening.
如果可能的話，請在今晚以前告訴我。
Where (it is) necessary, improvements will be made.
哪兒需要，就在哪兒改進。
2. 并不是所有的狀語從句都可以用以上辦法來緊縮的，如原因從句就不能用這種辦法來處理。
3. 與上面提到的省略結構相似且經(jīng)常在高考中出現(xiàn)的還有if not這一種形式。如：
His pronunciation, if not good, is at least tolerable.
他的發(fā)音如果說不算好，也還過得去。
If not today, tomorrow Im sure youll get an answer.
如果今天得不到回信，明天準能得到。
Usually, if not always, we write cannot as one word.
我們即使不總是如此，也通常是把cannot作為一個詞來寫的。
This is one of the oldest buildings in town, if not the oldest.
這是城里最古老的房屋之一，如果不是最古老的話。
