狀語從句知識點(diǎn)總結(jié)：英語時間狀語從句的用法及有關(guān)說明
【導(dǎo)語】英語語法讓很多學(xué)生都頭疼，因?yàn)閺?fù)雜難懂的句式和詞組有時難以記憶。英語網(wǎng)為大家整理了英語語法大全，希望對同學(xué)們的英語語法學(xué)習(xí)有所幫助。更多內(nèi)容盡在英語網(wǎng)。
一、普通類從屬連詞
引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句的普通類從屬連詞有when(當(dāng)時)，while(在期間)，as(當(dāng)，一邊一邊)，before(在之前)，after(在之后)，since(從以來)，till/until(直到)，whenever(無論何時)，as soon as(一就)等。如：
When I went into the classroom, he was reading. 當(dāng)我走進(jìn)教室時，他正在看書。
He read a newspaper as he went along. 他邊走邊看報紙。
We must strike while the iron is hot. 我們必須趁熱打鐵。
I will tell you after they leave. 于他們走后我再告訴你。
I told him to come back whenever he wants to. 我告訴他什么時候想回來就回來。
I waited till/until she was back. 我一直等到她回來(from www.yygrammar.com)。
Once time is gone, you will never get it back. 時間一旦失去就再也得不到了
注意：在時間狀語從句中，不能用一般將來時、過去將來時態(tài)或?qū)硗瓿蓵r，而要用相應(yīng)的一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)、一般過去時或現(xiàn)在完成時來代替。如：
Ill telephone you as soon as I get there. 我一到達(dá)那里就打電話給你。
She said she would phone me as soon as she got there. 她說她一到達(dá)那里就給我電話。
Dont get off the bus until it has stopped. 等車停穩(wěn)后才下車。
二、含 time的短語
可引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句的 time 短語有every time, each time, (the) next time, (the) last time, by the time, the first time, any time 等。如：
Every time I listen to music, Ill think of it. 每當(dāng)我聽音樂，我就想起這事。
He didnt tell me anything the last time I saw him. 上次我見到他時他什么也沒告訴我。
Each time she moved her head she let out a moan. 她每轉(zhuǎn)動一下頭，就發(fā)出一聲呻吟。
三、表示一就
除as soon as外，還有三類：名詞型the moment, the minute, the second, the instant;副詞型immediately, directly, instantly;句式型no soonerthan, hardly/scarcelywhen。如：
The moment I saw him I knew that there was no hope. 我一看到他，就知道沒有希望了。
I came immediately you called. 你一來電話我就來了。
I had no sooner got home than it began to rain. 我一到家就下起雨來了。
如果hardly, scarcely 或no sooner置于句首，句子必須用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。如：
Hardly/Scarcely had I got home when it began to rain.
No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.
四、對before從句的理解
before的本意為在之前，根據(jù)具體語境還可理解為還沒來得及/還沒有就，趁著還沒就，不知不覺就，才等。如：
I had not sat long before he came back. 我沒坐多久他就回來了。
He almost knocked me down before he saw me. 他幾乎把我撞倒才看到我。
Before I could get in a word, he measured me. 我還來得及插話，他就給我量好了尺寸。
Ill water the flowers before it gets dark. 我要趁著天還沒黑把花澆好水。
Be a pupil before you become a teacher. 先做學(xué)生，后做先生。
Time passed quickly and three months went by before she knew it. 時間過得飛快，她不知不覺就在那里度過了三個月。
I will die before I will betray my country. 我寧可死也不會背叛我的國家。
五、對since從句的理解
1. since從句的謂語動詞是終止性動詞照字面意思理解。如：
Ive been feeling down since I lost my job. 自從失去工作后,我的情緒一直處于低潮。
2. since從句謂語動詞延續(xù)性動詞，且為現(xiàn)在完成時時，仍然按字面意思理解。如：
She has never come to see me since I have lived in the city. 自從我住到城里，她就一直不來看我。
3. since從句謂語動詞延續(xù)性動詞，且為一般過去時時，按與字面意思相反的意思理解。如：
I have made great progress since I was ill. 我自病愈以來取得了很大的進(jìn)步。
4. since前有ever，或從句謂語動詞是be且后接表示人成長過程中的某個階段或年齡的名詞、形容詞時，仍然按字面意思理解。如：
I have lived here ever since I was a child. 我從還是個孩子時就一直住在這兒。
六、對till/until從句的理解
1. 主句為肯定式，主句謂語動詞必須為持續(xù)性動詞，且該動詞所表示的動作或狀態(tài)一直延續(xù)到 until / till 從句所表示的時間為止，可譯作(直)到。如：
He waited until/till I returned. 他一直等到我回來。
2. 主句為否定式(包括含 no, nobody, nothing, never, hardly, little 等否定詞的肯定句)，若主句謂語動詞是非持續(xù)性動詞，則該動詞所表示的動作在 until / till 從句表示的時間開始發(fā)生。一般先譯從句直到，后譯主句，not 譯成才，即直到才。如：
His mother didnt leave until/till he was asleep. 直到他睡著了，他母親才離開。
Nobody can leave until/till the meeting is over. 直到散會才能離開。
3. 主句為否定式，若主句謂語動詞是持續(xù)性動詞，則須根據(jù)上下文去理解until/till從句的含義，一般譯為直到才或沒有到。如：
He didnt wait until/till I returned. 他沒有等到我回來。
She didnt sleep until/till I returned. 她直到我回來才睡著。
【導(dǎo)語】英語語法讓很多學(xué)生都頭疼，因?yàn)閺?fù)雜難懂的句式和詞組有時難以記憶。英語網(wǎng)為大家整理了英語語法大全，希望對同學(xué)們的英語語法學(xué)習(xí)有所幫助。更多內(nèi)容盡在英語網(wǎng)。
一、普通類從屬連詞
引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句的普通類從屬連詞有when(當(dāng)時)，while(在期間)，as(當(dāng)，一邊一邊)，before(在之前)，after(在之后)，since(從以來)，till/until(直到)，whenever(無論何時)，as soon as(一就)等。如：
When I went into the classroom, he was reading. 當(dāng)我走進(jìn)教室時，他正在看書。
He read a newspaper as he went along. 他邊走邊看報紙。
We must strike while the iron is hot. 我們必須趁熱打鐵。
I will tell you after they leave. 于他們走后我再告訴你。
I told him to come back whenever he wants to. 我告訴他什么時候想回來就回來。
I waited till/until she was back. 我一直等到她回來(from www.yygrammar.com)。
Once time is gone, you will never get it back. 時間一旦失去就再也得不到了
注意：在時間狀語從句中，不能用一般將來時、過去將來時態(tài)或?qū)硗瓿蓵r，而要用相應(yīng)的一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)、一般過去時或現(xiàn)在完成時來代替。如：
Ill telephone you as soon as I get there. 我一到達(dá)那里就打電話給你。
She said she would phone me as soon as she got there. 她說她一到達(dá)那里就給我電話。
Dont get off the bus until it has stopped. 等車停穩(wěn)后才下車。
二、含 time的短語
可引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句的 time 短語有every time, each time, (the) next time, (the) last time, by the time, the first time, any time 等。如：
Every time I listen to music, Ill think of it. 每當(dāng)我聽音樂，我就想起這事。
He didnt tell me anything the last time I saw him. 上次我見到他時他什么也沒告訴我。
Each time she moved her head she let out a moan. 她每轉(zhuǎn)動一下頭，就發(fā)出一聲呻吟。
三、表示一就
除as soon as外，還有三類：名詞型the moment, the minute, the second, the instant;副詞型immediately, directly, instantly;句式型no soonerthan, hardly/scarcelywhen。如：
The moment I saw him I knew that there was no hope. 我一看到他，就知道沒有希望了。
I came immediately you called. 你一來電話我就來了。
I had no sooner got home than it began to rain. 我一到家就下起雨來了。
如果hardly, scarcely 或no sooner置于句首，句子必須用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。如：
Hardly/Scarcely had I got home when it began to rain.
No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.
四、對before從句的理解
before的本意為在之前，根據(jù)具體語境還可理解為還沒來得及/還沒有就，趁著還沒就，不知不覺就，才等。如：
I had not sat long before he came back. 我沒坐多久他就回來了。
He almost knocked me down before he saw me. 他幾乎把我撞倒才看到我。
Before I could get in a word, he measured me. 我還來得及插話，他就給我量好了尺寸。
Ill water the flowers before it gets dark. 我要趁著天還沒黑把花澆好水。
Be a pupil before you become a teacher. 先做學(xué)生，后做先生。
Time passed quickly and three months went by before she knew it. 時間過得飛快，她不知不覺就在那里度過了三個月。
I will die before I will betray my country. 我寧可死也不會背叛我的國家。
五、對since從句的理解
1. since從句的謂語動詞是終止性動詞照字面意思理解。如：
Ive been feeling down since I lost my job. 自從失去工作后,我的情緒一直處于低潮。
2. since從句謂語動詞延續(xù)性動詞，且為現(xiàn)在完成時時，仍然按字面意思理解。如：
She has never come to see me since I have lived in the city. 自從我住到城里，她就一直不來看我。
3. since從句謂語動詞延續(xù)性動詞，且為一般過去時時，按與字面意思相反的意思理解。如：
I have made great progress since I was ill. 我自病愈以來取得了很大的進(jìn)步。
4. since前有ever，或從句謂語動詞是be且后接表示人成長過程中的某個階段或年齡的名詞、形容詞時，仍然按字面意思理解。如：
I have lived here ever since I was a child. 我從還是個孩子時就一直住在這兒。
六、對till/until從句的理解
1. 主句為肯定式，主句謂語動詞必須為持續(xù)性動詞，且該動詞所表示的動作或狀態(tài)一直延續(xù)到 until / till 從句所表示的時間為止，可譯作(直)到。如：
He waited until/till I returned. 他一直等到我回來。
2. 主句為否定式(包括含 no, nobody, nothing, never, hardly, little 等否定詞的肯定句)，若主句謂語動詞是非持續(xù)性動詞，則該動詞所表示的動作在 until / till 從句表示的時間開始發(fā)生。一般先譯從句直到，后譯主句，not 譯成才，即直到才。如：
His mother didnt leave until/till he was asleep. 直到他睡著了，他母親才離開。
Nobody can leave until/till the meeting is over. 直到散會才能離開。
3. 主句為否定式，若主句謂語動詞是持續(xù)性動詞，則須根據(jù)上下文去理解until/till從句的含義，一般譯為直到才或沒有到。如：
He didnt wait until/till I returned. 他沒有等到我回來。
She didnt sleep until/till I returned. 她直到我回來才睡著。
