語法集訓(xùn)過關(guān)(二)

　　時態(tài)和語態(tài)

　　1. (2024·煙臺模擬)Miss White teaches English in a college but she usually　in her sister’s hotel during summer vacation.

　　A. has worked B. works

　　C. is working

　　D. worked

　　2. (2024·皖南八校二聯(lián))Your composition　beautifully. Is it the one I saw you write yesterday?

　　A. is read B. was read

　　C. reads

　　D. read

　　3. (2024·邢臺模擬)He will have learned English for eight years by the time he　from the university next year.

　　A. will graduate

　　B. will have graduated

　　C. graduates

　　D. is to graduate

　　4. John　me to the opera tonight. He is to pick me up at my house at 5: 00 p. m. .

　　A. takes B. has taken

　　C. would take

　　D. is taking

　　5. (2024·臨沂模擬)—Peter, where did you guys go for the summer vacation?

　　—We　busy with our work for months, so we went to the beach to relax ourselves.

　　A. were B. have been

　　C. had been

　　D. will be

　　6. (2024·西安模擬)The student said there were a few points in the essay heimpossible to understand.

　　A. had found

　　B. finds

　　C. has found

　　D. would find

　　7. (2024·蚌埠模擬)For eight great years, Quick　as a flight attendant, a job she had dreamed about since childhood.

　　A. has worked B. has been working

　　C. had worked

　　D. worked

　　8. (2024·南昌模擬)—I wonder what makes you a successful manager.

　　—I　as a waiter for five years, which contributes a lot to my today’s work.

　　A. serve B. have served

　　C. had served

　　D. served

　　9. —George, are you listening to me?

　　—Sorry, sir. I　of what I could do to improve my English.

　　A. have thought B. am thinking

　　C. thought

　　D. was thinking

　　10. (2024·重慶模擬)—Hey, who　my iPhone? I put it here just now.

　　—I don’t know.

　　A. has taken B. takes

　　C. was taking

　　D. had taken

　　11. (2024·蘭州模擬)—This is the first time Imy first picture with my own hands.

　　—It is time that youa picture for me.

　　A. took; will take B. took; took

　　C. have taken; took

　　D. will take; have taken

　　12. (2024·天津模擬)In addition to the farming they　since the 1990s, the Smiths have started a small business.

　　A. have done B. had been done

　　C. were doing

　　D. have been doing

　　13. (2024·寧波模擬)Every morning they meet in the same café. They　there for years.

　　A. have gone B. are going

　　C. go

　　D. have been going

　　14. Mary　to study abroad, but she hasn’t made up her mind yet.

　　A. has considered B. considered

　　C. had considered

　　D. has been considering

　　15. While you are enjoying yourself at the party tomorrow, I　my mother in the supermarket.

　　A. am helping B. shall help

　　C. will be helping

　　D. would help

　　16. Tom will not be in Beijing next Wednesday. He　in Xi’an.

　　A. travels B. has traveled

　　C. is traveling

　　D. will be traveling

　　17. I　you the message but unfortunately my computer was infected by computer viruses.

　　A. was going to email B. will email

　　C. would email

　　D. emailed

　　18. We all felt surprised when she said sheup the good job.

　　A. would give B. gave

　　C. will give

　　D. has given

　　19. She　teachers for help whenever she had problems in study.

　　A. would ask B. was asking

　　C. had asked

　　D. will ask

　　20. (2024·溫嶺中學(xué)模擬)My train arrives in Beijing at eight o’clock tonight. The plane I would like to take from there　by then.

　　A. has left B. will have left

　　C. will leave

　　D. had left

　　21. —Have you posted the letter for me on your way home, Helen?

　　—Sorry, I have forgotten. I　it this afternoon.

　　A. am going to post B. am to post

　　C. have posted

　　D. will post

　　22. (2024·宜賓五校模擬)In the past few centuries, the lighthouses along North Carolina’s coast　as signs of safety for travelers at sea.

　　A. were recognized B. have recognized

　　C. recognized

　　D. have been recognized

　　23. The 2024 FIFA World Cup will be held in Brazil on June 13th, 2024, and 32 football teams　so far.

　　A. will choose B. have chosen

　　C. have been chosen

　　D. will be chosen

　　24. When we arrived, the meeting　. As a result, we were told to wait outside.

　　A. was holding B. was held

　　C. held

　　D. was being held

　　25. (原創(chuàng))It is reported that many a company of production of high pollution　down at present because of the heavy haze(霧霾)in China.

　　A. are being closed B. were being closed

　　C. was being closed

　　D. is being closed

　　Ⅱ. 閱讀理解

　　(2024·南京模擬)

　　Something that has always interested me about Abraham Lincoln is, not surprisingly, his sense of humor. As far as I can tell, he’s the first American President to have one.

　　That’s because the term “sense of humor” really wasn’t in common usage until the eighteen sixties and seventies. In the eighteen forties and fifties, it was called “the sense of the ridiculous”, and didn’t have the positive connotations(隱含意義)that “sense of humor” has today. Back then, what was ridiculous was what invited ridicule(譏笑). Funniness and cruelty went hand in hand. Of course, they still do a lot of arm-in-arm walking in our day as well.

　　Lincoln’s humor was very different because, for one thing, it was actually “humor” as what the word meant in his time. We don’t make the distinction between “wit(風(fēng)趣)”and “humor” anymore; but in the nineteenth century people did. Wit was unpleasant and offensive while humor was pleasant and sympathetic. It’s the difference we note now when we distinguish between “l(fā)aughing with” and “l(fā)aughing at”. Lincoln was much more about “l(fā)aughing with” than “l(fā)aughing at”. And when “l(fā)aughing at”, it was often himself he was teasing.

　　In the famous Lincoln-Douglas debate, when Douglas accused Lincoln of being two-faced, Lincoln replied, referencing his plain looking, “Honestly, if I were two-faced, would I be showing you this one? ”And, in a way, Lincoln’s face itself tells us much about his sense of humor.

　　You can comb through thousands of photographs of politicians, soldiers, and the like from Lincoln’s time and not find a single smile.

　　True, the long exposures(曝光)required for photographs of that time made smiling difficult. Yet Lincoln alone, as far as I can tell, overcame that difficulty.

　　Interestingly, while having a sense of humor, or at least the appearance of one provided by comedy writers, has become a necessary characteristic for an American President in our time, in the nineteenth century, too much humor was considered a problem. And that was the case for Lincoln. A journalist covering the Lincoln-Douglas debate commented that “I could not take a real personal liking to the man, owing to an inborn weakness for which he was even then notorious and so remained during his great public career, he was extremely fond of jokes, anecdotes, and stories. ”

　　1. We can infer from Paragraph 2 that　.

　　A. the American President could influence the use of English

　　B. the term “sense of humor” wasn’t invented until the 1860s

　　C. what is funny to someone might be offensive to someone else

　　D. the concept of humor remains the same despite the passing of time

　　2. The underlined words “this one” in Paragraph 4 refer to　.

　　A. Lincoln’s unattractive face

　　B. Lincoln’s sense of humor

　　C. the debate they were having

　　D. cruelty that went with funniness

　　3. We rarely see people from Lincoln’s time wear a smile in their photos because　.

　　A. being humorous was considered inappropriate

　　B. they found it quite funny to smile before the camera

　　C. not smiling for photographs was the fashion

　　D. photography technology then was not advanced

　　4. What might the writer think of the journalist covering the Lincoln-Douglas debate?

　　A. His comment accurately reflected his time.

　　B. He created a false picture of Lincoln.

　　C. He was prejudiced and self-centered.

　　D. He was brave to point out Lincoln’s weakness.

　　Ⅲ. 書面表達(dá)

　　假如你是李華, 你的英國筆友Bill來信詢問你家鄉(xiāng)是否有霧霾天氣, 情況如何。請按下面的提示寫一封電子郵件。

　　1. 感謝他的關(guān)心。

　　2. 介紹情況:

　　(1)去年冬天以來已發(fā)生數(shù)次霧霾天氣;

　　(2)人們已認(rèn)識到霧霾天氣的危害, 正采取各種舉措減少其發(fā)生;

　　(3)你自己為此做了什么或打算做什么。

　　注意: 詞數(shù)150個左右。(開頭和結(jié)尾已給出, 不計入總詞數(shù))

　　參考詞匯: 霧霾haze

　　Dear Bill,

　　I’m glad to receive your letter, and thank you for your caring for the weather and my health. ___________________________________________________________

　　________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

　　Yours,

　　Li Hua

　　【技法導(dǎo)練】多學(xué)一點　棋高一著

　　閱讀理解——如何做詞義猜測題中的指代題?

　　根據(jù)上下文判斷代詞的指代是閱讀理解題中經(jīng)常考查的, 此時上文或下文會出現(xiàn)其定義、解釋或描述, 這就是判斷該單詞或短語意義的主要依據(jù)。根據(jù)文中出現(xiàn)的因果詞語(because, as, since, for, so, thus, as a result, of course, therefore, so/such . . . that等)、前后對比的詞(but, however, not . . . but, on the other hand, rather than, on the contrary, although, while, yet, unlike, instead of等)、同義解釋的詞語(that is, in other words, or, namely, that means等), 更容易猜測所給詞語的意思。高考中大部分猜測都要通過該手段。

　　在本篇閱讀理解中作者考查了第四段中的this one的指代。此題根據(jù)上文中可知此處的this one指“”。

　　Ⅰ. 1. 【解析】選B。根據(jù)teaches可知“懷特小姐平時在大學(xué)教英語”, 所以第二個空也用一般現(xiàn)在時, 表示“她暑假時通常在她妹妹的賓館上班”。

　　2.【解析】選C。及物動詞read后跟副詞, 如beautifully, easily等時, 常用主動表示被動, 同時根據(jù)題中的語境可知應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時。

　　【誤區(qū)警示】本題易誤選A項。按照常規(guī)read的邏輯賓語是your composition, 但是當(dāng)部分及物動詞后跟easily, well, beautifully等副詞時, 常用主動表示被動, 這類動詞有read, wash, close, open, write等。

　　3. 【解析】選C。主句用了將來完成時, 所以by the time從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時代替一般將來時。

　　4. 【解析】選D。根據(jù)is to pick me up(將接我)可知此處用將來時態(tài); take可用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表示將來意義。

　　5.【解析】選C。考查時態(tài)。句意: ——彼得, 你們這些家伙在哪里過的暑假? ——我們工作忙了幾個月, 所以就到海邊放松了一下。根據(jù)上下文可知“忙于工作”發(fā)生在動作“到海邊”之前, 所以用過去完成時。故選擇C項。

　　6. 【解析】選A。said和were都是一般過去時, 所以“他發(fā)現(xiàn)”這一動作發(fā)生在“說”之前, 由于“說”用了一般過去時, 所以“發(fā)現(xiàn)”要用過去完成時。

　　【加固訓(xùn)練】

　　We were very excited because our favourite football team　the important match.

　　A. won B. had won

　　C. has won

　　D. was winning

　　【解析】選B。考查時態(tài)。很明顯“贏得比賽”發(fā)生在were very excited之前, 故用“過去的過去”, 即過去完成時。

　　7.【解析】選D。根據(jù)had dreamed可知Quick當(dāng)空中乘務(wù)員發(fā)生在“夢想”之后, 因為定語從句中用了過去完成時, 故此空要用一般過去時。

　　8. 【解析】選D。根據(jù)語境, 現(xiàn)在是成功的經(jīng)理, 所以做過五年服務(wù)員發(fā)生在過去, 故此空用一般過去時。

　　9. 【解析】選D。考查動詞時態(tài)。根據(jù)Sorry, sir. 可知George剛才并沒有聽對方講話, 即剛才對方在講話時, George正在考慮怎么做才能提高英語, 故此空用過去進(jìn)行時。

　　10. 【解析】選A。根據(jù)語境可知“我剛才把我的iPhone放在這兒, 但現(xiàn)在不在這兒了”, 故此空用現(xiàn)在完成時強(qiáng)調(diào)過去的動作對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響。

　　11. 【解析】選C。This is the first time后從句中必須用現(xiàn)在完成時。而It is time that后從句中要使用虛擬語氣, 謂語動詞既可用動詞過去式, 也可用“should+動詞原形”。

　　12. 【解析】選D。該句主句用了現(xiàn)在完成時(have started), 可以推知此空表示“他們從20世紀(jì)90年代從事農(nóng)業(yè)一直到現(xiàn)在”, 故此空用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時。

　　13. 【解析】選D。他們每天早晨都在同一個咖啡館相見, 說明幾年來他們一直都去那兒, 故此空用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時。

　　14. 【解析】選D。根據(jù)hasn’t made可知“瑪麗一直考慮要去國外學(xué)習(xí)”, 只不過現(xiàn)在還沒有決定是否去。故此空要用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時。

　　【加固訓(xùn)練】

　　—Did you find the missing traveler yesterday?

　　—No, but we　to get in touch with him ever since.

　　A. have tried

　　B. have been trying

　　C. had tried

　　D. had been trying

　　【解析】選B。考查動詞時態(tài)。根據(jù)since可知應(yīng)用完成時態(tài), 答案在A、B中選擇。再根據(jù)上句語境, 應(yīng)指“從昨天以來, 我們一直試圖與他取得聯(lián)系。”故此空要用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時, 強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的持續(xù)性。

　　15. 【解析】選C。句意: 當(dāng)你們明天在聚會上玩得開心時, 我將正在超市里幫助媽媽做事。根據(jù)tomorrow可知此空用將來時, 再根據(jù)While you are enjoying可知此空用將來進(jìn)行時。

　　16. 【解析】選D。根據(jù)next Wednesday可知此空也填將來時態(tài), 故D項正確, 表示“湯姆下周三將正在西安旅游”。

　　17. 【解析】選A。根據(jù)語境, 此處指“我本來打算給你發(fā)信息的, 但不幸的是, 我的電腦感染上了電腦病毒。”C項若改為would have emailed則正確。

　　18. 【解析】選A。句意: 當(dāng)她說她將放棄這份好工作時我們大家都感到驚訝。根據(jù)felt surprised, said可知此空也與過去時間有關(guān), 故排除C、D項。再根據(jù)語境, 可知A項正確。B項若改為had given也正確, 表示“過去已經(jīng)放棄了這份好工作”。