完成句子 ①他們的爭(zhēng)端導(dǎo)致了戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。 Their dispute ____________ war. 【答案】resulted in ②成功源于努力工作。 Success ____________ hard work. 【答案】results from 3．be opposed to反對(duì)，對(duì)抗 On the other hand，there are those，like George Hambley，who are opposed to this view …

　　另一方面，有一些人反對(duì)這種觀點(diǎn)，像漢姆布雷，…… I am opposed to the new plan. 我反對(duì)這項(xiàng)新計(jì)劃。 They were firmly opposed to helping the bad boy. 他們堅(jiān)持反對(duì)幫助這個(gè)壞男孩。 be opposed to (doing) sth反對(duì)(做)…… as opposed to與……不同；而不是 翻譯句子 ①他強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)這場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。 【答案】He was bitterly opposed to the war. ②一些居民反對(duì)以馬丁·路德·金的名字命名這所高中。 【答案】Some residents were opposed to naming the high school after Martin Luther King.

　　4．build up樹(shù)立，逐步建立；增進(jìn)(健康)；集結(jié) Greenhouse gases continue to build up in the atmosphere. 溫室氣體繼續(xù)在大氣層中聚集。 Traffic is building up.車(chē)輛在增多。 build up one’s health增進(jìn)健康 build up a good reputation樹(shù)立良好的聲譽(yù) build up the business擴(kuò)大企業(yè)

　　完成句子 ①她白手起家，生意逐漸興隆。 She ________ the business ________ from nothing. 【答案】built；up ②體育運(yùn)動(dòng)能增強(qiáng)我們的體質(zhì)。 Sports and games can __________________. 【答案】build up our bodies 1．There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer and that it is human activity that has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural phenomenon.毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，地球正變得更加暖和。全球變暖是人為的，而不是隨意的自然現(xiàn)象。

　　句式突破

　　There’s no doubt that …

　　意為“毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)……”。 There is no doubt that radio and television are important means of communication. 毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，收音機(jī)和電視機(jī)是信息交流的重要方式。 There is no doubt that he can come on time. 他能按時(shí)來(lái)是毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)的。

　　完成句子 ①我懷疑他是否是做這項(xiàng)工作的最佳人選。 I have my doubt about ____________________. 【答案】whether he is the best man for the job ②我不懷疑他將贏得比賽。 I don’t doubt/have no doubt ________ he will win the race. 【答案】that

　　③我懷疑這個(gè)消息是否是真的。 I doubt the truth of the news. →I doubt ____________ the news is true. 【答案】if/whether

　　2．Even if we start reducing the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases，the climate is going to keep on warming for decades or centuries. 即使我們開(kāi)始減少二氧化碳和其他溫室氣體的含量，在未來(lái)幾十年或幾個(gè)世紀(jì)內(nèi)，氣候仍會(huì)持續(xù)轉(zhuǎn)暖。 even if(＝even though)即使，盡管，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。 Even if I have to sell my house，I’ll keep my business going.即使要賣(mài)掉房子，我還是要繼續(xù)我的事業(yè)。

　　翻譯句子 即使受到邀請(qǐng)我也不去參加他的晚會(huì)。 __________. 【答案】Even if I am invited, I will not go to his party.

　　3．This makes the greenhouse heat up and so the plants can grow throughout the cold period.這使得溫室變暖，因此植物能在寒冷的時(shí)期生長(zhǎng)。 本句中makes the greenhouse heat up是“make＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”的結(jié)構(gòu)，make此處為動(dòng)詞，意為“使成為，使變成為”。賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)可由名詞、形容詞、省略to的動(dòng)詞不定式、過(guò)去分詞等充當(dāng)。

　　All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. 只學(xué)習(xí)不玩耍，聰明孩子也變傻。 When I first came to America，I had a lot of difficulty making myself understood. 我剛到美國(guó)時(shí)，想讓別人聽(tīng)懂我的話很難。

　　完成句子 Computers and mobile phones，though they are indeed making our life ________ and ________，have reduced the need for face-to-face communications.(easy；efficient) 【答案】easier；more efficient

　　4．It means that more heat energy tends to be trapped in the atmosphere causing the global temperature to go up.這就意味著更多的熱能往往被困在大氣層中，從而引起全球氣溫上升。 本句是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句，主語(yǔ)是it，謂語(yǔ)是means，后面跟的是that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。causing the global … 是現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)，表示結(jié)果。

　　Tom fell down from the tree，breaking his arm. 湯姆從樹(shù)上摔了下來(lái)，摔斷了胳膊。 His parents died，leaving him an orphan. 他父母都死了，剩下他一個(gè)孤兒。

　　完成句子 The retired man donated most of his savings to the school damaged by the earthquake in Yushu，______________ the students to return to their classrooms.(enable) 【答案】enabling Ⅰ.單詞拼寫(xiě) 1．Our country is making efforts to switch from coal to a cleaner ________(燃料)． 2．This store sells a wide ________(種類(lèi)) of TV sets. 3．If you ________(比較) British football with American football，you’ll find many differences. 4．A child who can remember 3,000 English words at the age of 3 would be called an unusual ________(現(xiàn)象)．

　　5．The food was enough in ________(數(shù)量)，but not very good in quality. 6．Though he is less than one year old，he is strong enough to walk ________(平穩(wěn)地)． 7．In ________(結(jié)果) of a terrible earthquake the whole city was destroyed. 8．Do you know when this word came into ________(存在)? 【答案】1.fuel　2.range　3.compare　4.phenomenon　5.quantity　6.steadily　7.consequence　8.existence

　　Ⅱ.短語(yǔ)填空 come about； subscribe to； go up； result in； be opposed to； even if； keep on； build up 1．The flood has ____________ many thousands of deaths in that area. 【答案】resulted in 2．How did this terrible traffic accident _____________？ 【答案】come about 3．Every year our school ________________ many magazines and newspapers for teachers and students. 【答案】subscribes to 4．Please put up your hands if you ________________ the final decision. 【答案】are opposed to 5．In the last few months the price of goods is ____________. 【答案】going up 6．I can’t finish the work within three days ________ I work day and night. 【答案】even if 7．If you ________ studying English hard，you will get high marks in the exam. 【答案】keep on 8．They were ____________ their military strength for a drive against the city. 【答案】building up Ⅲ.句型轉(zhuǎn)換 1．We depend on energy to do many things in our daily lives. ________ energy ________ we depend on to do many things in our daily lives. 【答案】It is；that 2．A greenhouse is made of glass and is used for growing plants. A greenhouse ____________ glass is used for growing plants. 【答案】made of 3．It is certain that our teacher will get over his illness in a month. ________ no doubt ________ our teacher will get over his illness in a month. 【答案】There is；that 4．The air inside the greenhouse is warm because the glass traps the heat from the sun. The air inside the greenhouse is warm __________ the glass ________ the heat from the sun. 【答案】because of；trapping

　　5．It was so dark that he could hardly see the faces of his companions. It was not light ________ for him ________ see the faces of his companions. 【答案】enough；to Ⅳ.用恰當(dāng)?shù)慕椤⒏痹~填空 1．What other things do we use energy ________？ 2．A greenhouse is made of glass and is used ________ growing plants，especially during cold weather. 3．Any damage resulting ________ carelessness must be paid for. 4．Can you explain to me how it came ________？ 5．Their pressure on the enemy is building ________. 6．Don’t keep ________ asking silly questions. 【答案】1.for　2.for　3.from　4.about　5.up　6.on Ⅲ.句型搜索 1．__________________ that the earth is becoming warmer … 毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)地球正在變暖…… 【答案】There is no doubt that 2．“We can’t predict the climate __________ what to expect … ” “我們預(yù)報(bào)氣候不夠準(zhǔn)確以至于不能知道要發(fā)生的事……” 【答案】well enough to know

　　Ⅳ.課文縮寫(xiě) There is no doubt that it is human activities 1.________ have caused this global warming rather than 2.________ natural phenomenon. All scientists subscribe 3.________ the view that the increase in the earth’s temperature is due to the burning of fossil fuels. The “greenhouse effect” begins 4.________ we add huge quantities of extra carbon dioxide into the atmosphere 5.________ (cause)the global temperature to go up. The burning of more and more fossil fuels has resulted 6.________ the increase in carbon dioxide. 7.________， the attitudes of scientists are different. Some think that the trend would be a catastrophe. But some are opposed to this view 8.________ they predict that any warming will be mild with few bad environmental 9.________(consequent). Even though we have taken some measures, the climate is going to keep on warming for decades 10.________ centuries. 【答案】1.that　2. a　3. to　4. when　5.causing 6. in　7. However　8. and　9. consequences　 10. or 1．consume v．消費(fèi)；消耗；吃完；喝光 Make a list of the things that consume energy in your home，school，or any other places you can think of. 列舉一些在家里、學(xué)校里或者其他你能想到的地方消耗能量的東西。 The car consumes a lot of fuel. 這輛汽車(chē)很費(fèi)燃料。 單詞掃描

　　consumer n．消費(fèi)者 consumption n．消費(fèi)(量)，消耗(量) time-consuming adj.耗費(fèi)時(shí)間的 consumer goods(家用)消費(fèi)品

　　翻譯句子 新的燈泡耗電量更小。 【答案】The new light bulbs consume less electricity. 【溫馨提示】 matter可用作名詞，意為“物質(zhì)，物品；要緊，重要性；問(wèn)題，毛病(與with連用)”。 organic (inorganic) matter有機(jī)(無(wú)機(jī))物 Any kind of matter has three states. 任何物質(zhì)都有三種狀態(tài)。 It makes no matter to us whether he will come. 他來(lái)不來(lái)對(duì)我們無(wú)關(guān)緊要。 a matter of …

　　……的事情/問(wèn)題 as a matter of fact＝in fact事實(shí)上 no matter whether (if)不管是否 翻譯句子 ①他問(wèn)我出了什么事。 【答案】He asked me what was the matter. ②他問(wèn)我那是什么東西(物質(zhì))。 【答案】He asked me what the matter was.

　　3．subscribe v．捐助，捐贈(zèng)；簽署(文件)，簽(名)；同意；訂閱 All scientists subscribe to the view that the increase in the earth’s temperature is due to the burning of fossil fuels like coal，natural gas and oil to produce energy. 所有科學(xué)家都支持地球溫度升高是由于燃燒像煤、天然氣和石油等化石燃料來(lái)制造能量而引起的這種觀點(diǎn)。 Chris subscribes to an environmental action group. 克里斯定期捐款給一個(gè)環(huán)保行動(dòng)組織。 We don’t subscribe to the view that we have failed. 我們不同意我們已經(jīng)失敗了的觀點(diǎn)。 subscribe to … 訂閱(報(bào)紙或雜志)；同意，贊同……；向……捐款 subscribe for … 認(rèn)購(gòu)(股票) subscription n. 訂閱費(fèi) 完成句子 ①我們訂閱所有主要的醫(yī)學(xué)雜志。 We ____________ all the main medical journals. 【答案】subscribe to ②你同意這個(gè)建議嗎？ Do you ____________ the proposal? 【答案】subscribe to

　　4．a(chǎn)mount n．?dāng)?shù)量；總額；總計(jì)，總數(shù) This is when small amounts of gases in the atmosphere，like carbon dioxide …

　　即當(dāng)大氣中微量氣體像二氧化碳…… A million dollars is a large amount of money to me. 100萬(wàn)美元對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)是一筆巨款。

　　完成句子 ①賬單上金額總計(jì)多少？ What is ____________ of the bill? 【答案】the amount ②一定的壓力可能是好事。 ________________ of stress can be a good thing. 【答案】A certain amount

　　5．quantity n．量，數(shù)量，數(shù)額，數(shù)目 The problem begins when we add huge quantities of extra carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. 當(dāng)我們向空氣中排放大量的多余二氧化碳的時(shí)候，問(wèn)題就開(kāi)始了。 He prefers quantity to quality when food is concerned.就食物而言，他講究量不講究質(zhì)。

　　完成句子 ①房間里有許多老鼠。 There are ____________ rats in the room. 【答案】quantities of ②那家印刷公司成批買(mǎi)紙。 The printing office buys paper ____________. 【答案】in quantity

　　③—Why does the lake smell terrible? —Because large quantities of water ________.(pollute) 【答案】have been polluted 6．range n．種類(lèi)；范圍；一系列；變化的幅度；界限；射程 “ … it will encourage a greater range of animals—all of which will make life for human beings better.”“……還會(huì)促進(jìn)動(dòng)物種類(lèi)的增多——所有這些都能改善人們的生活。” This store sells a wide range/wide ranges of TV sets.這家商店出售各種型號(hào)的電視機(jī)。 The price of the house is well beyond our range. 房子的價(jià)格遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超出了我們能承受的范圍。 in/within range (of sth)(……的)范圍之內(nèi) out of range (of sth)(……的)范圍之外 range還可以用作動(dòng)詞，表示“(在一定范圍內(nèi))變化、變動(dòng)；排列，整理；涉及”。 完成句子 ①這些汽車(chē)的價(jià)格在5萬(wàn)美元和12萬(wàn)美元之間。 The prices of the cars __________ 50,000 dollars ________ 120,000 dollars. 【答案】range from；to ②請(qǐng)將貨物整齊地排列在商店櫥窗里。 Please ________ the goods neatly in the shop window. 【答案】range 1．come about發(fā)生；造成 Can you tell me how the accident came about? 你能告訴我事故是怎樣發(fā)生的嗎？ How did it come about that the plane had been delayed.飛機(jī)是怎么被延誤的？ 短語(yǔ)釋義

　　come across 偶遇；穿越 come back 回來(lái)；重新流行 come in 進(jìn)來(lái)；到達(dá) come out 出來(lái)；開(kāi)花；出版；結(jié)果是…… come up 上來(lái)；(問(wèn)題等)被提出；發(fā)芽(無(wú)被動(dòng)式) come up with 追上，趕上，不落后；提出，提供 come along 進(jìn)展，進(jìn)行

　　I came across the children sleeping under the bridge. 我偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)睡在橋下的孩子。 The daffodils are just beginning to come up. 那些水仙花剛開(kāi)始破土發(fā)芽。

　　【比較網(wǎng)站】　happen，break out，take place，come about，occur 這些詞或詞組都可表示“發(fā)生”之意，都不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，但用法不同。 (1)happen是普通用語(yǔ)。指偶然、意外的，未能預(yù)見(jiàn)事情的發(fā)生或出現(xiàn)。 (2)break out指“(戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、火災(zāi)、疾病等)突然發(fā)生，爆發(fā)”。

　　(3)take place指事件或事故的發(fā)生是預(yù)料中的、確定的，并非是偶然的，進(jìn)而引申為“進(jìn)行，舉行”。 (4)come about表示“發(fā)生，產(chǎn)生”，多指事情已經(jīng)發(fā)生了但還不知道為什么，常用于疑問(wèn)句和否定句。 (5)occur比較正式，可用于具體或抽象的事物，通常指按計(jì)劃或規(guī)律在較為確定的時(shí)間發(fā)生的事。 完成句子 ①第二次世界大戰(zhàn)爆發(fā)于1939年9月。 The Second World War ________________ in September 1939. 【答案】broke out ②這次示威罷工沒(méi)有發(fā)生。 The threatened strike did not __________. 【答案】take place

　　③你來(lái)的時(shí)候，碰巧我出去了。 I ________ to be out/It ________ that I was out when you came here. 【答案】happened；happened ④每四年出現(xiàn)一次閏年。 A leap year __________ every four years. 【答案】occurs

　　⑤瑪麗醒來(lái)后，她不知道發(fā)生了什么事情。 When Mary woke up，she didn’t know what had__________

　　______________. 【答案】come about

　　2．result in導(dǎo)致，造成……的結(jié)果 They also agree that it is the burning of more and more fossil fuels that has resulted in this increase in carbon dioxide. 他們還認(rèn)為是由于越來(lái)越多的燃燒化石燃料導(dǎo)致了二氧化碳的增加。 The fresh policy results in economic development. 那項(xiàng)新政策促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。 result是不及物動(dòng)詞，與in連用，表示“引起某種結(jié)果”，句子的主語(yǔ)是原因，in的賓語(yǔ)是結(jié)果。 result from“由于……而造成的后果”，后接導(dǎo)致某事的原因。 as a result為固定詞組，意為“結(jié)果，因此”，在句中作狀語(yǔ)，常置于句首，并用逗號(hào)和句子隔開(kāi)。 a s a result of … 作為……的結(jié)果 without result毫無(wú)結(jié)果地 Period 1　Warming Up， Pre-reading & Reading Ⅰ.單詞識(shí)記 1．__________v.

　　to pay money, usually once a year, to have copies of a newspaper or magazine sent to you, or to have some other service 2．________v．to use sth up，especially fuel，energy or time；to eat or drink sth 3．________n．a(chǎn) general tendency in the way a situation is changing or developing subscribe　

　　consume　

　　trend　

　　4．________n．a(chǎn) substance such as coal, gas, or oil that can be burned to produce heat or energy 5．________v．to look quickly at sth/sb 6．________n. a number of people or things that are all different, but are all of the same general type 7．________adj.happening or chosen without any definite plan，aim or pattern fuel　

　　glance

　　range　

　　random　

　　8．__________n．a(chǎn) terrible event in which there is a lot of destruction or many people are injured or die 9．________adj. continuing or developing gradually or without stopping, and not likely to change 10．________v．to disagree with something

　　catastrophe

　　steady　

　　oppose

　　Ⅱ.短語(yǔ)天地 1．同意______________ 2．發(fā)生______________ 3．大量的______________ 4．導(dǎo)致______________ 5．反對(duì)______________ 6．即使______________ 7．上升______________ 8．在……范圍內(nèi)______________ 9．迅速瀏覽……______________ 10．繼續(xù)______________ subscribe to　

　　come about　

　　quantities of　

　　result in　

　　be opposed to　

　　even if　

　　go up　

　　in the range of　

　　glance quickly at　

　　keep on

　　2．matter v．要緊，有重大關(guān)系

　　So how has this come about and does it matter?

　　那么這是如何產(chǎn)生的，有什么要緊嗎？

　　whether he is satisfied.

　　他滿意與否對(duì)我關(guān)系不大(不重要)。

　　＋

　　the amount of＋不可數(shù)名詞＋單數(shù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

　　a large amount of＋不可數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)

　　large amounts of＋不可數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)

　　in quantity大量

　　quantities of＋＋復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

　　a quantity of＋

　　Quantities of water were wasted in our daily life.

　　大量的水在我們的日常生活中被浪費(fèi)。

　　A large quantity of water is needed urgently here.

　　這兒急需大量的水。

　　Costs range from 50 to several hundred pounds.

　　花費(fèi)在50英鎊到幾百英鎊之間。

　　They asked questions ranging over the whole subject of science.他們所提到的問(wèn)題廣泛涉及整個(gè)自然科學(xué)領(lǐng)域。

　　(1)doubt作名詞，用于否定句、疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，后跟that從句；用于肯定句時(shí)，后面應(yīng)接whether或if引導(dǎo)的從句。

　　(2)doubt也可用作動(dòng)詞，意為“懷疑，不相信”，用法如下：

　　doubt＋