英語北師大版一輪復習講練：Part II 語法部分專題9 狀語從句

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　　專題九　狀語從句

　　一、地點狀語從句

　　地點狀語從句通常由where, wherever 引導。

　　Where there is a will, there is a way.

　　Wherever you go，I'm right here waiting for you.

　　二、方式狀語從句

　　方式狀語從句通常由as, (just)as...so..., as if, as though引導。

　　1．as，(just)as...so...引導的方式狀語從句通常位于主句后，但當(just)as...so...結構位于句首時，as從句帶有比喻的含義，意思是“正如；就像”，多用于正式文體。

　　Always do to the others as you would be done by.

　　As water is to fish, so air is to man.

　　Just as we sweep our rooms, so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds.

　　2.as if, as though

　　兩者的意義和用法相同，引出的狀語從句謂語多用虛擬語氣，表示與事實相反；有時也用陳述語氣，表示所說情況是事實或實現的可能性較大。譯作“仿佛……似的；好像……似的”。

　　They completely ignore these facts as if (as though)they never existed.

　　He looks as if ( as though)he had been hit by lighting.

　　It looks as if the weather may pick up very soon.

　　三、原因狀語從句

　　比較because, since, as和for的用法：

　　1．because語勢最強，用來說明人所不知的原因，回答why提出的問題。當原因是顯而易見的或已為人們所知的，就用as或since。

　　I didn't go, because I was afraid.

　　Since / As the weather is so bad, we have to delay our journey.

　　2．由because引導的從句如果放在句末，且前面有逗號，則可以用for來代替。如果不是說明直接原因，而是多種情況加以推斷，就只能用for。

　　He is absent today, because / for he is ill.

　　He must be ill, for he is absent today.

　　四、目的狀語從句

　　表示目的狀語的從句可以由 so that, in order that, lest, for fear that, in case等詞引導。

　　You must speak louder so that / in order that you can be heard by all.

　　He wrote the name down for fear that(lest)he should forget it.

　　Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold.

　　五、結果狀語從句

　　結果狀語從句常由so...that 或 such...that引導。so...that與such...that之間可以轉換。

　　The boy is so young that he can't go to school.

　　He is such a young boy that he can't go to school.

　　六、條件狀語從句

　　連接詞主要有 if, unless, as / so long as, on condition that等。

　　Let's go out for a walk unless you are too tired.

　　If you are not too tired, let's go out for a walk.

　　七、讓步狀語從句

　　1.though, although引導的讓步狀語從句，后面的從句不能有but，但是 though 和yet可連用。

　　Although it's raining, they are still working in the field.

　　He is very old, but he still works very hard.

　　Though the sore is healed, yet a scar may remain.

　　2．as, though 引導的讓步從句必須將表語或狀語提前(形容詞、副詞、分詞、實義動詞原形提前)。

　　Child as / though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do.

　　3．ever if, even though“即使”。

　　We'll make a trip even though the weather is bad.

　　4．whether...or...“不管……都”。

　　Whether you believe it or not, it is true.

　　5．“no matter ＋疑問詞”或“疑問詞＋－ever”。

　　No matter what happened, he would not mind. ＝ Whatever happened, he would not mind.

　　高考對狀語從句的考查主要體現在省略，時態的替代，語序的倒裝以及連詞的辨析四個方面。

　　1．成分的省略

　　(1)在時間、地點、條件、讓步、方式等狀語從句中，如果主語是it或與主句的主語一致，且謂語動詞含有be時，可把從句的主語和be一起省略。

　　Don't speak until (you are) spoken to.

　　Do come to see me whenever (it is) possible.

　　(2)在比較狀語從句中，可省略與主句相同的部分。

　　I know you more than he (knows you)．

　　Tom is two years older than Alice (is)．

　　(3)as (盡管)引導讓步狀語從句倒裝時，表語提前，且其前的冠詞要省略。

　　Hero as he is, he has shortcomings.

　　2．時態的替代

　　(1)在時間、條件和讓步狀語從句中須用一般現在時替代一般將來時，用一般過去時替代過去將來時。

　　If it rains tomorrow, we won't go fishing.

　　Don't get off the bus until it has stopped.

　　(2)The more...the more...句型中，前句起條件狀語從句作用，故用現在時表將來。

　　The harder you work, the greater progress you'll make.

　　(3)after, before, as soon as等連詞本身就暗示了時間的先后，因此可用一般過去時代替過去完成時，而不會產生時間上的混亂。

　　I went to bed after I (had) finished my homework.

　　The film star (had) left before the reporter arrived.

　　He got down to work as soon as he (had) go to the factory.

　　3．語序的倒裝

　　(1)no sooner...than..., hardly / scarcely / barely...when...句型中的主句常用過去完成時，從句常用一般過去時，且置于句首時主句要倒裝。

　　No sooner had he got home than it began to rain.

　　(2)so / such...that...，not until...置于句首時主句要倒裝。

　　So angry did she feel that she couldn't speak.

　　Not until he told me the truth did I realize what had happened.

　　4．連詞的辨析。根據上下文的語意推斷屬于哪種狀語從句，然后選擇連詞。2011全國卷II 19】It was a nice meal, _______a little expensive.

　　A. though

　　B. whether

　　C. as

　　D. since

　　【考點】考查連詞。句意：那頓飯真美味，盡管有點貴。Though”盡管”，引導讓步狀語從句，該句使用了省略形式，補全為“though it was a little expensive”注意as也可以表示“盡管”，但as作此意時必須使用倒裝結構。

　　【2011北京卷 29】__________ volleyball is her main focus, she’s also great at basketball.

　　A. Since

　　B. Once

　　C. Unless

　　D. While

　　【考點】考查讓步狀語從句。

　　【解析】句意為：雖然排球是她的主要項目，但她還擅長籃球。while“雖然，盡管”，引導讓步狀語從句。Since“自從”once“一旦”unless“除非”均不合題意。

　　2011上海卷 36】If a lot of people say a film is not good, I won’t bother to see it, or I’ll wait ____ it comes out on DVD.

　　A. whether

　　B. after

　　C. though

　　D. until

　　【考點】考查狀語從句。

　　【解析】句意為：如果眾人都說一部電影不好，我不會急著去看，或者會等到結果出來。

　　【2011上海卷 37】The police officers in our city work hard _____ the rest of us can live a safe life.

　　A. in case

　　B. as if

　　C. in order that

　　D. only if

　　【考點】考查狀語從句。

　　【解析】句意為：為了讓我們大家過上平安的日子，我市警察工作非常賣力。

　　【2011江西卷 29】Please call my secretary to arrange a meeting this afternoon, or ______ it is convenient to you.

　　A. whenever

　　B. however

　　C. whichever

　　D. wherever

　　【考點】考察狀語從句連接詞

　　【解析】whenever無論何時，however然而 whichever任何一個 wherever 無論哪里。請打電話給我的秘書安排今天下午的會議，或者在任何你方便的

　　。關系副詞在后句中充當狀語，根據語境可知是指時間，選A。

　　2011浙江卷 4】One Friday, we were packing to leave for a weekend away ______my daughter heard cries for help.

　　A. after

　　B. while

　　C. since

　　D. when

　　【考點】考察狀語從句連接詞。

　　【解析】語義表示我們正在收拾行李，這時我的女兒聽到求救的呼喊。Be doing when表示“正在做某事，這時(突然)…”是常見結構，故選D項。

　　2011福建卷 33】It was April 29, 2001 ____ Prince William and Kate Middleton walked into the palace hall of the wedding ceremony.

　　A.that

　　B.when

　　C.since

　　D.before

　　【考點】考查時間狀語從句。

　　【解析】句意為：2001年4月29日，威廉王子和凱特步入了婚姻的殿堂。

　　2011四川卷 4】Frank insisted that he was not asleep _____ I had great difficulty in waking him up.

　　whether

　　although

　　for

　　D. so

　　【考點】考查狀語從句。

　　【解析】句意為：盡管我很費力才將他叫醒，但Frank堅持說他沒有睡著。Although引導讓步狀語從句。

　　2011四川卷 6】As it reported, it is 100 years _____________Qinghua University was founded.

　　A. when

　　B. before

　　C. after

　　D. since

　　【考點】考查狀語從句。

　　【解析】“It is + 時間段 +since + 從句（謂語為一般過去時）”為固定句型，故答案選D。句意為：“正如所報道的那樣，自從清華大學建校以來已有100年時間了。”

　　2011遼寧卷 25】No matter how ________ , it is not necessarily lifeless.

　　A. a desert may be dry

　　B. dry a desert may be

　　C. may a desert be dry

　　D. dry may a desert be

　　【考點】考查狀語從句。

　　【解析】句意為：無論沙漠多么的干燥，都不肯能沒有生命。How+adj.+陳述語序。

　　2011遼寧卷 29】He had no sooner finished his speech _____ the students started cheering.

　　A. since

　　B. as

　　C. when

　　D. than

　　【考點】考查狀語從句。

　　【解析】句意為：他剛一結束演講，同學們就歡呼起來。固定句式no sooner…than….。

　　2011陜西卷 17】The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be ______the present one.

　　A. as three times big as

　　B. three times as big as

　　C. as big as three times

　　D. as big three times as

　　【考點】考查狀語從句。

　　【解析】句意為：

　　【2011天津卷 5】____ regular exercise is very important, it’s never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime.

　　A.It

　　B. As

　　C.Although

　　D.Unless

　　【考點】考查連詞。

　　【解析】although“盡管”; As “如”; Unless “除非”。句意為：盡管有規律的運動很重要，但是在睡前運動不是一個好主意。

　　2011陜西卷 19】__________all of them are strong candidates, only one will be chosen for the post.

　　A. Since

　　B. While

　　C. If

　　D. As

　　【考點】考查讓步狀語從句。While的意思是“雖然，盡管”，相當于though或although’。這句話的意思是：雖然他們都是強有力的候選人，但只有一個人被選中擔任這個職務。

　　【2011山東卷 28】He had his camera ready _____ he saw something that would make a good picture.

　　A. even if

　　B. if only

　　C. in case

　　D. so that

　　【考點】引導詞。

　　【解析】句意“他準備好了相機以防看到可以拍攝的景物。”in case 為“以防；以免”even if為“即使”if only 為“如果…”,so that “為了，以便”。

　　2011重慶卷 30】To show our respect, we usually have to take our gloves off ______ we are to shake hands with.

　　A.whichever

　　B.whenever

　　C.whoever

　　D.wherever

　　【考點】考查讓步狀語從句。

　　【解析】句意為“我們不論是跟誰握手的時候，我們常常將手套取下，以示尊敬。”shake hands with sb.表示“與某人握手”，本句中的with后缺少賓語，結合句意選C項，whoever在句中引導讓步狀語從句。

　　2011湖南卷 33】Jack wasn’t saying anything, but the teacher smiled at him _______he had done something very clever.

　　A .as if

　　B. in case

　　C. while

　　D. though

　　【考點】本題考察狀語從句的用法。

　　【解析】根據句意，空格處需要填入"好像，仿佛"。故選A。句意：Jack什么也沒說，但老師向他笑了笑，好像他做了件聰明的事情一樣。

　　10湖南〗Tim is in good shape physically

　　he doesn’t get much exercise.

　　A. if

　　B. even though

　　C. unless

　　D. as long as

　　〖考點〗本題考查狀語從句的引導詞。

　　〖解析〗句意為：“盡管Tim不經常鍛煉, 但他身材很好。”前后是讓步轉折關系, 故選B項。

　　10山東〗The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school during the day, ______ accompanied by an adult.

　　A. once

　　B. when

　　C. if

　　D. unless

　　〖考點〗本題考查省略的狀語從句的連接詞。

　　〖解析〗句意應為“學校規章規定：除非有成年人陪同, 否則孩子們在校期間不能出學校。”表示 “除非”用unless。該句式構成了 “連詞+過去分詞”結構。

　　10上海〗

　　you may have, you should gather your courage to face the challenge.

　　A. However a serious problem

　　B. What a serious problem

　　C. However serious a problem

　　D. What serious a problem

　　〖考點〗讓步狀語從句

　　〖解析〗根據句意 “無論你有多么嚴重的問題, 你都應該鼓起勇氣面對挑戰”, 而however表讓步時其順序應是：however + 形容詞 + 主語 + 謂語。however做連接副詞, 相當于no matter how,后接形容詞或副詞, 意為 “無論、不管” , 引導讓步狀語從句, 其序為 “however+形容詞、副詞+主語+謂語”。

　　10四川〗Because of the heavy traffic, it was already time for lunch break

　　she got to her office.

　　A. since