A4

　　非謂語動詞

　　熱點·1

　　①(2024·江蘇卷)________an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later.

　　答案　B　[句意：憑借情感而不是理智作重要決定，你遲早會后悔的。本題中既無從屬連詞又無并列連詞。由此可見設(shè)空處為非謂語動詞作狀語。C項是謂語動詞形式，如選C項，需在“you will...前加并列連詞and，構(gòu)成“祈使句＋and＋陳述句”。D項表目的，不符合題意，所以排除。Basing an important decision...相當于If you base an important decision...。]

　　(2024·江西卷)Having finished her project, she was invited by the school ________to the new students.

　　C．to speak

　　D．to have spoken

　　答案　C　[句意：完成了她的項目后，她應學校的邀請去給新生演講。考查非謂語動詞作主語補足語。根據(jù)“invite sb to do sth＝sb be invited to do sth邀請某人做某事”，排除A、B兩項；D項不定式的完成時表示該動作先于謂語動詞所表示的動作，不符合句意，應排除。]

　　(2024·天津卷)He got up late and hurried to his office, ________the breakfast untouched.

　　答案　C　[句意：他起晚了，然后匆忙趕到辦公室，早飯根本沒動。考查非謂語動詞作狀語。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知此處用現(xiàn)在分詞leaving作結(jié)果狀語。A項改為and left才正確；B項表目的及將來含義；D項表示該動作先于謂語動詞動作發(fā)生。]

　　________in the ancient times still functions now.

　　A．building

　　B．having been built

　　C．built

　　D．to be built

　　答案　C　[考查非謂語動詞。dam和build構(gòu)成邏輯動賓關(guān)系。]

　　ritten in a hurry, ________．

　　B．there are many mistakes in the paper

　　C．we found many mistakes in the paper

　　D．the paper is full of mistakes

　　答案　D　[分詞做狀語時其邏輯主語必須與主句的主語保持一致。此題中written in a hurry的邏輯主語應該是paper，所以選擇和主語一致的選項D。]

　　________full preparations, we decided to put off the meeting till next week.

　　A．We did not make

　　B．Having not made

　　C．We had not made

　　D．Not having made

　　答案　D　[非謂語動詞的否定式not應置于首位，只有D項才表示沒有做好充分準備在先，決定推遲在后，所以D為正確答案。]

　　(2024·全國Ⅱ卷)The old man sat in front of the television every evening, happy ________anything that happened to be on.

　　C．watched

　　D．to have watched

　　答案　A　[句意：每天晚上這個老人都坐在電視機前，高興地看著電視上演的任何東西。本題考查動詞不定式作狀語。表示情感的詞如happy, glad等和動詞不定式一起作狀語，故排除B、C兩項。而D項為完成式不符合題意。]

　　(2024·上海卷)“Genius”is a complicated concept, ________many different factors.

　　C．to involve

　　D．being involved

　　答案　B　[句意：“天才”是很復雜的概念，涉及許多不同的因素。本題考查非謂語動詞。空格處的非謂語動詞和邏輯主語concept之間為主動關(guān)系，其后又有賓語many different factors，故排除表示被動的A項和D項；C項通常表示目的或意想不到的結(jié)果，不符合句意，也被排除。B項為

　　⑨(上海卷)David threatened ________his neighbour to the police if the damages were not paid.

　　C．to report

　　D．having reported

　　答案　C　[句意：大衛(wèi)威脅說，如果這些損壞沒有得到賠償，他就把鄰居告到警察那threaten后需加不定式作賓語，故排除B、D兩項；David與report之間為主動關(guān)系，故選C項。]

　　A4

　　非謂語動詞

　　熱點·1

　　①(2024·江蘇卷)________an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later.

　　答案　B　[句意：憑借情感而不是理智作重要決定，你遲早會后悔的。本題中既無從屬連詞又無并列連詞。由此可見設(shè)空處為非謂語動詞作狀語。C項是謂語動詞形式，如選C項，需在“you will...前加并列連詞and，構(gòu)成“祈使句＋and＋陳述句”。D項表目的，不符合題意，所以排除。Basing an important decision...相當于If you base an important decision...。]

　　(2024·江西卷)Having finished her project, she was invited by the school ________to the new students.

　　C．to speak

　　D．to have spoken

　　答案　C　[句意：完成了她的項目后，她應學校的邀請去給新生演講。考查非謂語動詞作主語補足語。根據(jù)“invite sb to do sth＝sb be invited to do sth邀請某人做某事”，排除A、B兩項；D項不定式的完成時表示該動作先于謂語動詞所表示的動作，不符合句意，應排除。]

　　(2024·天津卷)He got up late and hurried to his office, ________the breakfast untouched.

　　答案　C　[句意：他起晚了，然后匆忙趕到辦公室，早飯根本沒動。考查非謂語動詞作狀語。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知此處用現(xiàn)在分詞leaving作結(jié)果狀語。A項改為and left才正確；B項表目的及將來含義；D項表示該動作先于謂語動詞動作發(fā)生。]

　　________in the ancient times still functions now.

　　A．building

　　B．having been built

　　C．built

　　D．to be built

　　答案　C　[考查非謂語動詞。dam和build構(gòu)成邏輯動賓關(guān)系。]

　　ritten in a hurry, ________．

　　B．there are many mistakes in the paper

　　C．we found many mistakes in the paper

　　D．the paper is full of mistakes

　　答案　D　[分詞做狀語時其邏輯主語必須與主句的主語保持一致。此題中written in a hurry的邏輯主語應該是paper，所以選擇和主語一致的選項D。]

　　________full preparations, we decided to put off the meeting till next week.

　　A．We did not make

　　B．Having not made

　　C．We had not made

　　D．Not having made

　　答案　D　[非謂語動詞的否定式not應置于首位，只有D項才表示沒有做好充分準備在先，決定推遲在后，所以D為正確答案。]

　　(2024·全國Ⅱ卷)The old man sat in front of the television every evening, happy ________anything that happened to be on.

　　C．watched

　　D．to have watched

　　答案　A　[句意：每天晚上這個老人都坐在電視機前，高興地看著電視上演的任何東西。本題考查動詞不定式作狀語。表示情感的詞如happy, glad等和動詞不定式一起作狀語，故排除B、C兩項。而D項為完成式不符合題意。]

　　(2024·上海卷)“Genius”is a complicated concept, ________many different factors.

　　C．to involve

　　D．being involved

　　答案　B　[句意：“天才”是很復雜的概念，涉及許多不同的因素。本題考查非謂語動詞。空格處的非謂語動詞和邏輯主語concept之間為主動關(guān)系，其后又有賓語many different factors，故排除表示被動的A項和D項；C項通常表示目的或意想不到的結(jié)果，不符合句意，也被排除。B項為

　　⑨(上海卷)David threatened ________his neighbour to the police if the damages were not paid.

　　C．to report

　　D．having reported

　　答案　C　[句意：大衛(wèi)威脅說，如果這些損壞沒有得到賠償，他就把鄰居告到警察那threaten后需加不定式作賓語，故排除B、D兩項；David與report之間為主動關(guān)系，故選C項。]