Unit 4　Earthquakes

　　【熱點(diǎn)話題】(自然災(zāi)害)雪災(zāi)體裁：記敘文寫作思路：災(zāi)難發(fā)生時(shí)間地點(diǎn)——災(zāi)情——救援工作【美文誦讀】e city of Shenyang saw_a_disaster_of_snowstorm_that_had_never_happened_in_the_past_hundred_years．ped②on the roads.Therefore，people were_forced_to③ head for

　　their

　　destinations

　　on

　　foot. Not_only_were_all_the_flights_

　　canceled_ but_ also_ many_ trains_ were _delayed．④ The city government called on all the citizens and soldiers to take an active part in

　　the activities of clearing snow.Besides, the city government took_all_kinds_of_urgent_measures_to⑤ rescue the people trapped in the snowstorm to ensure that everything returned to normal as soon as possible.【學(xué)海拾貝】按要求完成或翻譯下列句子。年5月8日廣州市下了一場(chǎng)百年一遇的大雨。(模仿①)e_past_hundred_years.

　　2．許多行人車輛被堵在路上。(be trapped)(被迫離開住處)不僅所Not_only_were_all_the_flights_canceled_but_also_many_trains_were_delayed.

　　5．The city government took_all_kinds_of_measures(采取各種措施)to ensure the safety of people.

　　Ⅰ.按要求寫出下列單詞爆裂；爆發(fā) ．蒸汽水汽 ．災(zāi)難災(zāi)禍援救營(yíng)救毀滅；(使)破壞 ．地震 ．earthquake要點(diǎn)大綱輪廓報(bào)刊的大字標(biāo)題掩蔽掩蔽處避身處休克打擊；(使)震驚震動(dòng) ．破壞毀壞消滅破壞毀壞 ．destruction破壞性的毀滅性的使驚嚇嚇唬令人恐懼的受驚的受恐嚇的損害傷害損害傷害injury

　　受傷的祝賀恭賀 ．恭賀恭喜賀詞 ．(s)

　　15．用途；利用用法慣例有adj.useful

　　無用的無效的

　　用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。(shock)

　　2．Wood is

　　useful/used for building houses，while coal can be used to keep warm.(useless)

　　3．The frightening scene frightened the girl and we could see from her frightened expression that she was frightened．(fright)

　　4．In the crash he was seriously injured．He suffered severe injuries to the head and arms.(injure)(damage)

　　Ⅱ.翻譯下列短語許多大量的a_(great)_number_of結(jié)束終結(jié)at_an_end被圍困be_trapped_in/by為……籌集資金raise_money_for掘出；發(fā)現(xiàn)dig_out分發(fā)；發(fā)出(聲音光等)give_out嚴(yán)重受損；破爛不堪in_ruins立刻馬上right_away向……表達(dá)感謝express_one's_thanks_to_sb.消失了不見了 be_gone輕視看不起think_little_of為……感到驕be_proud_of

　　選用上述短語完成下列短文。(1) think_little_of Lucy after she won the speaking competition whose purpose was to (2)raise_money_for the earthquake-stricken area. He said he (3) was_proud_of Lucy and wanted to (4)express_his_thanks_to her because she had won great honour for the school.

　　Ⅲ.重點(diǎn)句型1．It seemed as if the world was at an end! (p.26)

　　仿佛到了世界末日！

　　It seems (to sb.) as if/that...

　　(在某人看來)好像似乎仿佛覺得看來似乎沒有人能改變她的主[模仿造句]用上述句型完成下列句子。(1)看上去好像除了我之外別人都知道。(2)聽她說話的口氣她好像去過美國(guó)。(3)好像這個(gè)問題沒有解決的辦法。All hope was not lost.(p.26)

　　不是所有的希望都破滅了。

　　all...not...＝not all...并非都……及every的合成詞與not連用時(shí)表部分否定。All students can not go to a key university after they graduate from middle school.

　　不是所有的學(xué)生中學(xué)畢業(yè)后都能上重點(diǎn)大學(xué)。[模仿造句]根據(jù)漢語意思完成下列句子。(1)不是所有的學(xué)生都通過了考試。(2)不是你們兩個(gè)都有機(jī)會(huì)去美國(guó)。There was no stopping the fires.(p.65)

　　沒有辦法撲滅這場(chǎng)大火。

　　There is no＋-ing 分詞短語＝It is impossible to do sth.沒可能做某事沒可能找出真兇。[模仿造句](1)無可否認(rèn)你在撒謊。(2)沒有辦法知道未來會(huì)是什么樣子。

　　用上述句型翻譯下列小片段。看起來美國(guó)就是財(cái)富的象征然而并不是每個(gè)美國(guó)人都富有。有些美國(guó)人窮得連飯也吃不起這也是不容抵賴的事實(shí)。ich.There_is_no_denying_that_some_Americans_are_too_poor_to_buy_food.

　　短文改錯(cuò)的解題技巧

　　．代詞誤用的常見錯(cuò)誤有男性代詞與女性代詞的誤用單數(shù)指代復(fù)數(shù)、代詞詞性誤用等三種情況。如：解析：The smiths指史密斯一家或史密斯夫婦為復(fù)數(shù)改為their。介詞誤用的常見錯(cuò)誤有習(xí)慣搭配中的介詞誤用介詞后的賓語誤用及動(dòng)詞詞性確定錯(cuò)誤等。如：(1)We don't seem to get much time to talk about together.解析：talk together：一起交談為不及物動(dòng)詞去掉about；或者在about后加上賓語it變成talk about sth.(2)I am writing to thank you with your kind help.

　　解析：thank sb.for sth是固定搭配把with改為for。連接詞誤用常見的錯(cuò)誤有：(1)并列句間意義理解不清導(dǎo)致用錯(cuò)并列連詞。解析：“我們有越多的朋友就越能相互學(xué)習(xí)分享的快樂也就越多。”這里是并列關(guān)系故將“but” 改為“and”。解析：這里是并列關(guān)系而非選擇關(guān)系故將“or” 改為“and”。(2)主從句關(guān)系理解不清各從句混淆使用。 解析：see后跟的是賓語從句從句中缺主語故將“which” 改為“what”表示“所發(fā)生的事情”。解析：if條件句中有一個(gè)主語從句故在if后加上引導(dǎo)主語從句的“what”。考查冠詞的三個(gè)出題方向：(1)an與a錯(cuò)用；(2)a、an與the錯(cuò)用；(3)根據(jù)需要增刪冠詞。

　　下面每個(gè)句子都有一處錯(cuò)誤請(qǐng)指出并加以改正。r dinner.

　　with→about

　　4．Each these lines stands for a trouble in my life.

　　Each→Each_of

　　5．One day I wrote a short story and showed to the teacher.

　　showed→showed_it

　　6．Soon I began to enjoy talking to myself on paper as I was learning to express me in simple English.

　　me→myself

　　7．We ran to escape but fortunately no one was injured.

　　but→and

　　8．During our stay，we went boating in Riyuetan Pool，that is a beautiful lake.

　　that→which

　　9．There，Rory will introduce me to some of her friends，one of who has been to China several times.

　　who→whom

　　10．This is how I need to improve in the future.

　　how→what/where

　　11．We were warned not to cheat again so she would need to see our parents.

　　so→or

　　12．“He has ruined his health.We are worried about him.” That is which other teachers say.

　　which→what

　　13．It's been a week after we left your family and we are now back home.

　　after→since

　　14．We may be one family and live under a same roof.

　　a→the

　　15．In the end，we drove to a service station and waited there unless the road was clear.

　　unless→until/till

　　16．As we all know, it's famous mountain with all kinds of plants and animals.

　　it's→it's_a

　　第一節(jié)　閱讀理解閱讀下面的短文從每題所給的A、B、C和D項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。schools to rethink the ways students are punished for bad behavior，including finding alternatives to punishments such as out-of-school suspensions(休學(xué)). In Los Angeles，a city with one of the largest school districts in the country，changes in discipline policies are already affecting students.

　　In a Hispanic neighborhood known for its poverty and gangs，growing up can be tough.That's especially true for Garfield High School student Marco Antonio Aguilar.Aguilar says he had the wrong friends，often skipped school and even got into fights.The school suspended him and he almost had to go to a school for problem students.But a talk with his mom woke him up.“She was always there for me.What also sparked the fire more was that with the help of the teachers I received，and my knowing that they did care about me，the school did really help me，”Aguilar recalls.

　　Garfield High School Principal Jose Huerta does not believe in suspensions.“You don't have to suspend kids.It doesn't get you anywhere.It's not even expensive；it's very simple.Just connect with students.”he said.When he first arrived at Garfield High School more than four years agoral problems.“It could be from chewing gum in class to sticking gum under the things，”he said.

　　Jose Huerta，new principal at the time，changed the discipline policy.Instead of facing suspensions，those with behavioral issues will first talk to a teacher，and then a parent may get involved and eventually，a support group if needed.Garfield High School now has an 85 percent graduation rate，and the school has changed.

　　Punishments for behavioral problems used to be decided by each school in this urban district. But last year，the Los Angeles Unified School District banned out-of-school suspensions as a form of punishment for students with behavioral issues.

　　1．What do we know about Marco Antonio Aguilar?

　　A．He didn't have any close friends at school.

　　B．He didn't behave well at school in the past.

　　C．He wasn't truly cared about by his teachers.

　　D．He was very happy knowing he was suspended.

　　2．What is Jose Huerta's attitude towards suspensions?

　　A．Supportive.B．Uncaring.isapproving.

　　D．Interested.________． the last paragraph that schools in the Los Angeles Unified School District________．cannot use suspensions to punish students with behavioral issues

　　語篇解讀：在美國(guó)越來越多的學(xué)校開始廢除校外休學(xué)。解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Aguilar says he had the wrong friends”可知Aguilar以前在學(xué)校里表現(xiàn)不好。答案：B解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“Garfield High School Principal Jose Huerta does not believe in suspensions.”以及Jose Huerta在這一段所說的“You don't have to suspend kids.It doesn't get you anywhere.It's not even expensive；it's very simple.”可推斷他反對(duì)讓學(xué)生校外休學(xué)。答案：C解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“the dropout rate was more than 50 percent”以及第四段的“Garfield High School now has an 85 percent graduation rate可知那里的學(xué)生高中畢業(yè)的可能性大了很多。答案：D解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)末段的“But last year可推斷在那里的學(xué)校不能因?yàn)閷W(xué)生有了錯(cuò)誤行為而讓他們進(jìn)行校外休學(xué)了。答案：D第二節(jié)　七選五根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。(亞健康)．1____She described all the things she had to do—one was to make her bed—from the moment she woke up until she flew out of the door for work.I suggested she experiment by not making her bed for two weeks.She was shocked，probably thinking I'd been brought up by wolves in a forest.____2____

　　Two weeks later she went into my office merrily.She had left her bed unmade for the first time in 42 years—and nothing bad had happened.“And you know what？” she said.“I don't dry my dishes anymore3____One was discovering that she had choices in her life that she had never seen before.The other was giving herself permission to be less than perfect.This story shows an important principle about managing time：No one can do it all.Each of us has to make choices and accept trade-offs(利弊權(quán)衡)．The problem is that many people choose in ways that put themselves and their health last.They take better care of their houses and cars than they do of themselves.____4____ There's an easy way.Decide what you want in your life，and put that first.On a daily basis，that should include regular meals，enough sleep and time with your family.Exercise，leisure，friendships and hobbies should also be regular aspects of life.____5____The choice is yours：whatever makes you feel good about yourself and your life.Take a nap.Take a walk.Take time to play the piano.Stop bringing your briefcase home from the office.Stop keeping your house as clean as your mother kept hers.Fill more of your time with want-to-dos instead of have-to-dos.

　　A．Most people do not take time to relax themselves.

　　B．The point is to do something for yourself every day.

　　C．A patient came to see me about the stress in her life.

　　D．This woman had made two major breakthroughs.

　　E．Above all，you needn't do anything for yourself regularly.

　　F．They put everyone else's needs ahead of their own.

　　G．However，she went along with my idea.

　　答案：1～5　CGDAB第三節(jié)　完形填空閱讀下面的短文掌握其大意然后從1～20題所給的A、B、C和D項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。(2024·四川卷)My husband(松雞)．It's 1____for a grouse to have any contact(接觸) with people.In fact____2____ they usually fly off when they hear humans approaching.

　　This grouse came into our lives in____3____.Tom was working out in the field when he____4____ her walking around at the edge of the field.She was ____5____unafraid and seemed to be ____6____ about what he was doing.

　　Tom saw the ____7____bird several times，and she got more comfortable around him.We quickly grew____8____of the bird and decided to call her Mildred.

　　One day，as Tom was working，Mildred came within a few feet of him to watch.Tom____9____he didn't see her and kept working to see what she would do next.

　　Apparently，she didn't like to be ____10____.She'd run up and peck(啄) at Tom's hands____11____ off to see what he would do.This went on for about 20 minutes，until Mildred became tired of the ____12____and left.

　　As spring went and summer came，Mildred started to ____13____ more and more often.____14____Mildred felt comfortable enough to jump up on Tom's leg and stay long enough for me to get a____15____ of the two of them together.This friendly grouse soon felt____16____ not just with our family，but with anybody who walked or drove by.

　　When hunting season opened，we put a ____17____ at the end of our driveway asking ____18____ not to shoot our pet grouse.My father，who lived down the road，____19____warned people not to shoot her.____20____，hunters would stop and take pictures，because they had never seen anything like her.

　　　 　 　1．A.interesting

　　　B．reasonable

　　C．a(chǎn)utumn

　　D．winter

　　4．A.got

　　B．kept

　　C．noticed

　　D．imagined

　　5．A.naturally

　　B．certainly

　　C．normally

　　D．surprisingly

　　6．A.crazy

　　B．curious

　　C．concerned

　　D．cautious

　　7．A.shy

　　B．a(chǎn)wkward

　　C．friendly

　　D．elegant

　　8．A.careful

　　B．tired

　　C．fond

　　D．sick

　　9．A.supposed

　　B．realized

　　C．hoped

　　D．pretended語篇解讀：本文為記敘文題材為社會(huì)生活類。我丈夫竟然和一只松雞成了好朋友并把它培養(yǎng)成了我家的寵物。要知道松雞是很難見到的它們聽到人類接近的聲音就會(huì)飛走。那我丈夫是如何和這只松雞成為朋友并最終把它培養(yǎng)成我家的寵物的呢？解析：根據(jù)情景：它們很難被發(fā)現(xiàn)它們聽到人類D項(xiàng)。答案：D解析：句意：事實(shí)上它們很難被發(fā)現(xiàn)因?yàn)楫?dāng)它們聽到人類接近的聲音時(shí)通常就會(huì)飛走此處應(yīng)該是because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句。答案：B解析：根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第一句話中的“As spring went and summer came”可答案：A解析：句意：湯姆在地里干活的時(shí)候注意到它在田邊來回走動(dòng)。表達(dá)“注意”到某事要用動(dòng)詞notice。答案：C解析：根據(jù)上文的描述可知松雞很怕人類的接近可是這只松雞卻不害怕湯姆這是讓人感到非常驚訝的事情所以答案為D項(xiàng)。答案：D解析：這只松雞不光是不害怕湯姆似乎還對(duì)湯姆正在干什么感到好奇。be curious about sth.對(duì)某事感到好奇符合語境。答案：B解析：此處與16空前的“This friendly grouse”照應(yīng)。答案：C解析：句意：我們很快就喜歡上這只鳥Mildred。be/become/grow fond of sth./sb.喜歡某物/某人。答案：C解析：句意：湯姆假裝沒有看到它繼續(xù)干手里的活看看它接下來會(huì)做什么。根據(jù)情景可知湯姆明明是看到它了可是為了達(dá)到某種目的而假裝沒看到所以答案為D項(xiàng)。答案：D解析：句意：很顯然ignored)。從接下來它的行動(dòng)可以推斷出它不愿意湯姆忽視它為了引起湯姆的注意它開始啄湯姆的手所以答案為A項(xiàng)。答案：A解析：它啄了一下湯姆的手接著往后退想看看他會(huì)做什么。根據(jù)情景可知這只鳥兒會(huì)往后退所以答案為B項(xiàng)。答案：B解析：這只松雞反反復(fù)復(fù)做這樣的動(dòng)作好像是在做游game。答案：A解析：句意：隨著春天的離去夏季的來臨開始出來的次數(shù)越來越多了。答案：B解析：句意：終于Mildred無拘無束地都敢跳到湯姆的腿上了……。經(jīng)過這么長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的相處和試探終于邁出了重要的一步所以答案為A項(xiàng)。答案：A解析：根據(jù)情景此處表達(dá)Mildred在湯姆腿上逗留的時(shí)間長(zhǎng)到足以讓我給他倆拍了一張照片(picture)。答案：C解析：由上文7空所在句子中的“she got more comfortable”和14空后的“Mildred felt comfortable”可知選A。答案：A解析：根據(jù)情景可知打獵的季節(jié)到來了為了不讓獵人們朝這只鳥兒射擊我們放置了一個(gè)標(biāo)志牌。答案：B解析：我們的標(biāo)牌上當(dāng)然是請(qǐng)求這些獵人們(hunters)不要射殺我們的寵物松雞。答案：C解析：看到我們這么做住在路那頭的父親也(also)告誡人們不要射殺它。答案：D解析：句意：事實(shí)上獵人們會(huì)停下來和它拍照因?yàn)樗麄儚膩頉]見過像它這樣的鳥。答案：A第四節(jié)　語法填空閱讀下面的短文按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語法性和上下文連貫的要求在空格處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或使用括號(hào)中詞語的正確形式填空。________we clean the house every week，one hour later our bedrooms and bathrooms are back to their messy(混亂的) look.When ________(ask)，my boys will help neaten their room，clear their plates from the table and pick up their school junk.But I need to remind them 3.________it again and again.

　　If I don't remind them，I will step over all the things 4.________make my house look like a garbage can.This is quite 5.________change from my pre-kid years when I never left any waste in the house. 6.________seems that I cannot get those days back again at my own house.

　　When last week I 7.________(find)a program called“Share a Healthy Habit”on a newspaper，I saw a great chance to engage my sons in cleaning chores.Why not encourage these behaviors during the summer，while school is out and their life is 8.________(relax)?

　　The goal for my boys is to clean their own dorm room 9.________themselves when they are free.The rewards for clean habits should start young and continue as they get 10.________(old)，so I need to start my plan as soon as possible.

　　語篇解讀：本文是一篇夾敘夾議的文章題材為兒童教育。文章講述了作者的孩子沒有自我整理的習(xí)慣因此房間被弄得混亂令作者頭疼于是作者建議應(yīng)該從小培養(yǎng)孩子自我整理的習(xí)慣。解析：句意：即使我們每個(gè)星期都打掃衛(wèi)生但是一個(gè)小時(shí)之后臥室和浴室都會(huì)變回它們混亂的模樣。答案：though/if解析：過去分詞表被動(dòng)“when asked”＝“when my boys were asked”。答案：asked解析：考查固定搭配。remind sb.of sth.“提醒某答案：of解析：引導(dǎo)定語從句。句意：如果我不提醒他們我會(huì)跨過所有讓我的家看起來像垃圾箱的東西。答案：that解析：考查冠詞。句意：這與我讀學(xué)前班的時(shí)候是截然不同的我不會(huì)把任何垃圾留在家中。答案：a解析：考查固定搭配。It seems that...句意：似乎在我自己的家我是過不上以前的日子了。答案：It解析：根據(jù)“l(fā)ast week”可知用動(dòng)詞的過去式。答案：found解析：動(dòng)詞relax加-ing變形容詞放松的”。答案：relaxing解析：by themselves“通過他們自己”。答案：by解析：句意：通過干凈的習(xí)慣而得到獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)這種方法應(yīng)該從小時(shí)候開始并且持續(xù)到他們?cè)介L(zhǎng)越大。答案：older第五節(jié)　短文改錯(cuò)假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè))畫掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下畫一橫線并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；只允許修改10處多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。Sailor Gutzler was only survivor in a plane crash that killed her family in Eddyville，Kentucky in January 3，2024.It was reported that the 7-year-old girl has walked about a mile through the cold，dark wood，wearing a short-sleeve shirt，shorts and no shoes in the freezing wind.Bleeding and frightened，she was walking alone while she saw a light in the distance，it led her to Larry Wilkins' home.She was knocked on the door.Wilkins，71，answered to find a thin，black-haired girl weeping and trembling.Eventual，with the assistance of the old man，she called the police for help.However，the brave girl helped the investigators locate the crashing plane in the right direction.