第五周　整齊和諧的并列句

　　并列句是用連詞把兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的簡(jiǎn)單句連接起來，在這一句型中需要注意連接并列主語時(shí)，有些句型采取“就近原則”。

　　一、常見并列句的類型及并列連詞

　　類型 連詞

　　并列關(guān)系

　　(遞進(jìn)關(guān)系) and, both ... and ..., not only ... but also ..., neither ... nor ...

　　轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系 but, yet, whereas

　　選擇關(guān)系 or, otherwise, or else, either ...

　　or ..., not ... but ...

　　因果關(guān)系 for, so, therefore, thus

　　對(duì)比關(guān)系 while

　　①Since then, maths has become one of my favorite subjects, and I have also made rapid progress in maths.(2024·湖南高考書面表達(dá))

　　從那時(shí)起，數(shù)學(xué)就成為我特別喜愛的學(xué)科之一，而且我在數(shù)學(xué)上進(jìn)步也很快。

　　②All the classmates are friendly and kind, so you don’t need to worry about the difficulty.(2024·天津高考書面表達(dá))

　　所有的同學(xué)都非常友好和善良，因此你沒必要擔(dān)心有什么困難。

　　③As middle school students, we’re not familiar with foreign cultures, while Chinese culture isn’t fit to appear in an English newspaper.(2024·上海高考滿分作文)

　　作為中學(xué)生，我們不熟悉外國(guó)文化，而中國(guó)的文化也不適合出現(xiàn)在英語報(bào)刊中。

　　[即時(shí)演練]　用適當(dāng)?shù)牟⒘羞B詞填空

　　1．Some choose to avoid them while others decide to deal with them.(2024·福建高考滿分作文)

　　2．First, my English is very good and I’m open-minded and warm-hearted, so I’m getting along well with everyone.(2024·陜西高考書面表達(dá))

　　3．It must have rained last night, for it is wet all over.

　　二、并列句的常用句型

　　1．both ...and ...既……又……

　　When exposed to stress, in whatever form, all of us react both mentally and physically.

　　當(dāng)面臨壓力時(shí)，不管以什么形式，我們所有的人都會(huì)從精神和身體上作出反應(yīng)。

　　2．either ...or ...或者……或者……；不是……就是……

　　People can either give them as gifts or hang them in their houses.(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ書面表達(dá))

　　人們可以把它們當(dāng)做禮物送出去，或者掛在自己的房間里。

　　3．neither ...nor ...既不……也不……

　　In autumn, it’s neither too hot nor too cold.(2024·天津高考標(biāo)準(zhǔn)范文)

　　秋天，天氣既不太熱也不太冷。

　　4．not only ...but (also) ...不僅……而且……

　　Not only should you share your study experience with them, but (also) you must keep your heart open to them.

　　你不但要和他們分享你的學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，而且一定要向他們敞開心扉。

　　5．not ...but ...不是……，而是……

　　It is not how much we do but how much love we put into what we do that benefits our work most.

　　對(duì)我們的工作最有益的，不是我們做了多少，而是我們把多少愛投入進(jìn)去。

　　6．...while/whereas ……而，……卻

　　Some people believe smoking is harmful to health while others consider it is helpful reducing working pressure.

　　有些人認(rèn)為吸煙有害健康，而另一些人則認(rèn)為它有助于減輕工作壓力。

　　7．祈使句/名詞詞組＋and/or/otherwise＋陳述句

　　(1)祈使句＋and＋陳述句(祈使句相當(dāng)于一個(gè)條件狀語從句，and后面的句子相當(dāng)于一個(gè)表示結(jié)果的主句)

　　Work hard and you will succeed.(＝ If you work hard, you will succeed.)

　　努力學(xué)習(xí)，你就會(huì)成功。

　　(2)名詞詞組＋and＋陳述句(名詞詞組相當(dāng)于一個(gè)條件狀語從句，其中常含有more, another等詞)

　　Another try, and you’ll achieve a success.

　　再試一次，你就會(huì)取得成功。

　　(3)祈使句＋or/otherwise＋陳述句

　　Seize the chance, or you’ll regret.

　　抓住這次機(jī)會(huì)，否則你會(huì)后悔的。

　　(4)名詞詞組＋or/otherwise＋陳述句

　　More healthy food, or you’ll break down sooner or later.

　　多吃健康食品，不然你的身體遲早會(huì)垮掉。

　　8．...when ...……這時(shí)……

　　(1)sb. was doing sth. when ...某人正在做某事，這時(shí)……

　　Last Monday, I was walking in the street when I suddenly saw an old man fall off his bicycle. (2024·浙江高考滿分作文)

　　上周一，我正在街上散步，這時(shí)突然看到一位老人從自行車上摔下來了。

　　(2)sb. was about to do sth. when ...某人正要做某事，這時(shí)……

　　Lily was about to study when someone knocked at the door.

　　莉莉正要學(xué)習(xí)，這時(shí)有人敲門。

　　(3)sb. had just done sth. when ...某人剛做完某事，這時(shí)……

　　I had just finished sweeping the floor when the telephone rang.

　　我剛剛拖完地，這時(shí)電話鈴響了。

　　[即時(shí)演練]　用并列句補(bǔ)全句子

　　1．我們正在吃飯，這時(shí)突然發(fā)生了火災(zāi)。

　　We were_having_dinner_when a fire broke out.

　　2．正像我們所知道的，生氣不僅有害健康，而且還嚴(yán)重影響人們之間的關(guān)系。

　　As we know, getting angry not_only does harm to one’s health but_(also)

　　has a bad effect on the relationship between people.

　　3．是你所說的話而不是你所做的事使你的同學(xué)感到生氣。

　　It is not what you had done but what you had said that annoyed your classmates.

　　[綜合演練提能]　

　　Ⅰ.用適當(dāng)?shù)牟⒘羞B詞填空

　　1．Stand over there and you’ll be able to see the oil painting better.

　　2．Start out right away, or/otherwise you’ll miss the first train.

　　3．I worked hard at English and devoted all my spare time to practicing it, but I failed to pass the mid-term examination.

　　4．About 9：00 last night, I was busy preparing for my tomorrow’s test when suddenly loud noises came into my room.

　　5．Half of the girls choose film and TV stars as their idols, while 48% of the boys favor sports stars.

　　6．Not_only can students improve their writing ability in this way but_(also) they can strengthen their self-confidence.

　　Ⅱ.用并列句補(bǔ)全句子

　　1．首先，作為一名學(xué)生，最重要的是學(xué)習(xí)，因此你們所有人都有必要在學(xué)習(xí)中建立一個(gè)有效的方式。

　　Firstly, as a student, the most important thing is to study, so_it_is_necessary for all of you to build an effective method in your study.(2024·江西高考滿分作文)

　　2．我們正打算動(dòng)身，突然天下起雨來了。

　　We were_about_to_set_off_when it suddenly began to rain.

　　3．找方法經(jīng)常表揚(yáng)你的孩子，你就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)他們會(huì)向你敞開心扉。

　　Find_ways_to_praise_your_children_often,and you’ll find they will open their hearts to you.

　　4．它不僅給了我們接近大自然的機(jī)會(huì)，而且能讓我們?cè)趯W(xué)習(xí)之余得到放松。

　　It not_only_gave_us_a_chance_to_get_close_to_nature,_but also gave us relaxation from our study.(2024·江西高考滿分作文)

　　5．因此，從現(xiàn)在起，讓我們不要在一些不重要的事情上浪費(fèi)時(shí)間，而要經(jīng)常與我們的父母進(jìn)行推心置腹的談話。

　　So, from now on, let’s not_waste_our_time_on_unimportant_things_but have a heart-to-heart chat with our parents once in a while.(2024·重慶高考滿分作文)

　　Ⅱ.請(qǐng)按以下內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)寫一封電子郵件，盡可能多地使用并列句。

　　假設(shè)你是新華中學(xué)的學(xué)生李華，你的美國(guó)朋友Tom一周前給你發(fā)電子郵件，詢問你暑假里的打算，但你因準(zhǔn)備期末考試未能及時(shí)回復(fù)。現(xiàn)在請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下要點(diǎn)給他回一封100詞左右的電子郵件：

　　1．未及時(shí)回復(fù)的原因；

　　2．你假期的打算(如做兼職、旅行、做志愿者等)。

　　參考范文：

　　Dear Tom，

　　How is everything going? I feel terribly sorry for I’ve missed answering your letter in time. You know, I’ve been preparing for the final exams these days, so I forgot to write back. In your letter, you asked me for my plans on summer vacation. Now, I am writing to tell you some specific details.

　　Overall, three things will make my summer vacation meaningful. To start with, doing a part-time job is my dream and I intend to work as a salesman. Not only can I earn money by myself, but also it will broaden my horizons. In addition, it is a fabulous choice to visit some famous scenic spots such as Mount Tai during the vacation, in order to enjoy appealing scenery and make more friends. What is more, doing voluntary work, I think, will help me make a great contribution to the society, and enrich my life.

　　I sincerely apologize again for my delay in answering your email. By the way, what’s your plan to spend your summer vacation? I am looking forward to your reply.

　　Yours，

　　Li Hua

　　第五周　整齊和諧的并列句

　　并列句是用連詞把兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的簡(jiǎn)單句連接起來，在這一句型中需要注意連接并列主語時(shí)，有些句型采取“就近原則”。

　　一、常見并列句的類型及并列連詞

　　類型 連詞

　　并列關(guān)系

　　(遞進(jìn)關(guān)系) and, both ... and ..., not only ... but also ..., neither ... nor ...

　　轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系 but, yet, whereas

　　選擇關(guān)系 or, otherwise, or else, either ...

　　or ..., not ... but ...

　　因果關(guān)系 for, so, therefore, thus

　　對(duì)比關(guān)系 while

　　①Since then, maths has become one of my favorite subjects, and I have also made rapid progress in maths.(2024·湖南高考書面表達(dá))

　　從那時(shí)起，數(shù)學(xué)就成為我特別喜愛的學(xué)科之一，而且我在數(shù)學(xué)上進(jìn)步也很快。

　　②All the classmates are friendly and kind, so you don’t need to worry about the difficulty.(2024·天津高考書面表達(dá))

　　所有的同學(xué)都非常友好和善良，因此你沒必要擔(dān)心有什么困難。

　　③As middle school students, we’re not familiar with foreign cultures, while Chinese culture isn’t fit to appear in an English newspaper.(2024·上海高考滿分作文)

　　作為中學(xué)生，我們不熟悉外國(guó)文化，而中國(guó)的文化也不適合出現(xiàn)在英語報(bào)刊中。

　　[即時(shí)演練]　用適當(dāng)?shù)牟⒘羞B詞填空

　　1．Some choose to avoid them while others decide to deal with them.(2024·福建高考滿分作文)

　　2．First, my English is very good and I’m open-minded and warm-hearted, so I’m getting along well with everyone.(2024·陜西高考書面表達(dá))

　　3．It must have rained last night, for it is wet all over.

　　二、并列句的常用句型

　　1．both ...and ...既……又……

　　When exposed to stress, in whatever form, all of us react both mentally and physically.

　　當(dāng)面臨壓力時(shí)，不管以什么形式，我們所有的人都會(huì)從精神和身體上作出反應(yīng)。

　　2．either ...or ...或者……或者……；不是……就是……

　　People can either give them as gifts or hang them in their houses.(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ書面表達(dá))

　　人們可以把它們當(dāng)做禮物送出去，或者掛在自己的房間里。

　　3．neither ...nor ...既不……也不……

　　In autumn, it’s neither too hot nor too cold.(2024·天津高考標(biāo)準(zhǔn)范文)

　　秋天，天氣既不太熱也不太冷。

　　4．not only ...but (also) ...不僅……而且……

　　Not only should you share your study experience with them, but (also) you must keep your heart open to them.

　　你不但要和他們分享你的學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，而且一定要向他們敞開心扉。

　　5．not ...but ...不是……，而是……

　　It is not how much we do but how much love we put into what we do that benefits our work most.

　　對(duì)我們的工作最有益的，不是我們做了多少，而是我們把多少愛投入進(jìn)去。

　　6．...while/whereas ……而，……卻

　　Some people believe smoking is harmful to health while others consider it is helpful reducing working pressure.

　　有些人認(rèn)為吸煙有害健康，而另一些人則認(rèn)為它有助于減輕工作壓力。

　　7．祈使句/名詞詞組＋and/or/otherwise＋陳述句

　　(1)祈使句＋and＋陳述句(祈使句相當(dāng)于一個(gè)條件狀語從句，and后面的句子相當(dāng)于一個(gè)表示結(jié)果的主句)

　　Work hard and you will succeed.(＝ If you work hard, you will succeed.)

　　努力學(xué)習(xí)，你就會(huì)成功。

　　(2)名詞詞組＋and＋陳述句(名詞詞組相當(dāng)于一個(gè)條件狀語從句，其中常含有more, another等詞)

　　Another try, and you’ll achieve a success.

　　再試一次，你就會(huì)取得成功。

　　(3)祈使句＋or/otherwise＋陳述句

　　Seize the chance, or you’ll regret.

　　抓住這次機(jī)會(huì)，否則你會(huì)后悔的。

　　(4)名詞詞組＋or/otherwise＋陳述句

　　More healthy food, or you’ll break down sooner or later.

　　多吃健康食品，不然你的身體遲早會(huì)垮掉。

　　8．...when ...……這時(shí)……

　　(1)sb. was doing sth. when ...某人正在做某事，這時(shí)……

　　Last Monday, I was walking in the street when I suddenly saw an old man fall off his bicycle. (2024·浙江高考滿分作文)

　　上周一，我正在街上散步，這時(shí)突然看到一位老人從自行車上摔下來了。

　　(2)sb. was about to do sth. when ...某人正要做某事，這時(shí)……

　　Lily was about to study when someone knocked at the door.

　　莉莉正要學(xué)習(xí)，這時(shí)有人敲門。

　　(3)sb. had just done sth. when ...某人剛做完某事，這時(shí)……

　　I had just finished sweeping the floor when the telephone rang.

　　我剛剛拖完地，這時(shí)電話鈴響了。

　　[即時(shí)演練]　用并列句補(bǔ)全句子

　　1．我們正在吃飯，這時(shí)突然發(fā)生了火災(zāi)。

　　We were_having_dinner_when a fire broke out.

　　2．正像我們所知道的，生氣不僅有害健康，而且還嚴(yán)重影響人們之間的關(guān)系。

　　As we know, getting angry not_only does harm to one’s health but_(also)

　　has a bad effect on the relationship between people.

　　3．是你所說的話而不是你所做的事使你的同學(xué)感到生氣。

　　It is not what you had done but what you had said that annoyed your classmates.

　　[綜合演練提能]　

　　Ⅰ.用適當(dāng)?shù)牟⒘羞B詞填空

　　1．Stand over there and you’ll be able to see the oil painting better.

　　2．Start out right away, or/otherwise you’ll miss the first train.

　　3．I worked hard at English and devoted all my spare time to practicing it, but I failed to pass the mid-term examination.

　　4．About 9：00 last night, I was busy preparing for my tomorrow’s test when suddenly loud noises came into my room.

　　5．Half of the girls choose film and TV stars as their idols, while 48% of the boys favor sports stars.

　　6．Not_only can students improve their writing ability in this way but_(also) they can strengthen their self-confidence.

　　Ⅱ.用并列句補(bǔ)全句子

　　1．首先，作為一名學(xué)生，最重要的是學(xué)習(xí)，因此你們所有人都有必要在學(xué)習(xí)中建立一個(gè)有效的方式。

　　Firstly, as a student, the most important thing is to study, so_it_is_necessary for all of you to build an effective method in your study.(2024·江西高考滿分作文)

　　2．我們正打算動(dòng)身，突然天下起雨來了。

　　We were_about_to_set_off_when it suddenly began to rain.

　　3．找方法經(jīng)常表揚(yáng)你的孩子，你就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)他們會(huì)向你敞開心扉。

　　Find_ways_to_praise_your_children_often,and you’ll find they will open their hearts to you.

　　4．它不僅給了我們接近大自然的機(jī)會(huì)，而且能讓我們?cè)趯W(xué)習(xí)之余得到放松。

　　It not_only_gave_us_a_chance_to_get_close_to_nature,_but also gave us relaxation from our study.(2024·江西高考滿分作文)

　　5．因此，從現(xiàn)在起，讓我們不要在一些不重要的事情上浪費(fèi)時(shí)間，而要經(jīng)常與我們的父母進(jìn)行推心置腹的談話。

　　So, from now on, let’s not_waste_our_time_on_unimportant_things_but have a heart-to-heart chat with our parents once in a while.(2024·重慶高考滿分作文)

　　Ⅱ.請(qǐng)按以下內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)寫一封電子郵件，盡可能多地使用并列句。

　　假設(shè)你是新華中學(xué)的學(xué)生李華，你的美國(guó)朋友Tom一周前給你發(fā)電子郵件，詢問你暑假里的打算，但你因準(zhǔn)備期末考試未能及時(shí)回復(fù)。現(xiàn)在請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下要點(diǎn)給他回一封100詞左右的電子郵件：

　　1．未及時(shí)回復(fù)的原因；

　　2．你假期的打算(如做兼職、旅行、做志愿者等)。

　　參考范文：

　　Dear Tom，

　　How is everything going? I feel terribly sorry for I’ve missed answering your letter in time. You know, I’ve been preparing for the final exams these days, so I forgot to write back. In your letter, you asked me for my plans on summer vacation. Now, I am writing to tell you some specific details.

　　Overall, three things will make my summer vacation meaningful. To start with, doing a part-time job is my dream and I intend to work as a salesman. Not only can I earn money by myself, but also it will broaden my horizons. In addition, it is a fabulous choice to visit some famous scenic spots such as Mount Tai during the vacation, in order to enjoy appealing scenery and make more friends. What is more, doing voluntary work, I think, will help me make a great contribution to the society, and enrich my life.

　　I sincerely apologize again for my delay in answering your email. By the way, what’s your plan to spend your summer vacation? I am looking forward to your reply.

　　Yours，

　　Li Hua