3.If you notice that when someone is missing or hurt，tell your teacher immediately.(2024·四川) 解析　考查賓語(yǔ)從句中連接詞。that后為陳述式的賓語(yǔ)從句，作notice的賓語(yǔ)。 答案　去掉when 4.“He has ruined his health.We are worried about him.”That is which other teachers say.(2024·遼寧) 解析　考查表語(yǔ)從句中的連接詞。what作say的賓語(yǔ)，指其他老師說(shuō)話的內(nèi)容。 答案　which→what 解析答案 5.This is how I need to improve in the future.(2024·大綱全國(guó))

　　答案

　　how→what/where 解析答案 應(yīng)對(duì)策略2 對(duì)于名詞性從句中連接詞的考查，注意首先判斷兩個(gè)單句之間是否有連接詞，再根據(jù)不同的句式結(jié)構(gòu)，判斷連接詞是否運(yùn)用正確。解題時(shí)，可以注意以下幾個(gè)方面： (1)把握前后兩句話之間的銜接關(guān)系進(jìn)行判定是何從句，再根據(jù)連接詞在句中作何成分，判斷正誤； (2)注意which與that，which與what，whether與if以及其他wh-連接詞的用法區(qū)別。 ◆書(shū)面表達(dá)中名詞性從句易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)聚焦 1.語(yǔ)序問(wèn)題 (誤)These pictures show you what does our village look like. (正)These pictures show you what our village looks like. 此處賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序應(yīng)用陳述語(yǔ)序，而不是特殊疑問(wèn)句的語(yǔ)序。 (誤)Do you think which of these is the most useful invention? (正)Which of these do you think is the most useful invention? 在疑問(wèn)語(yǔ)氣中，賓語(yǔ)從句的連接詞應(yīng)擔(dān)當(dāng)特殊疑問(wèn)詞的角色位于句首。 2.what和that的運(yùn)用 (誤)America was that was first called “India” by Columbus. (正)America was what was first called “India” by Columbus. 在名詞性從句中，連接詞that既不作任何句子成分，也沒(méi)有意義；而連接代詞what則相反，它既充當(dāng)從句的主干成分也有其自身的意義。 另外，我們可以把what解釋為：the＋名詞＋that/which。 3.whether和if的運(yùn)用 (誤)If we’ll hold the party has not been decided yet. (正)Whether we’ll hold the party has not been decided yet. whether適用于任何情況；if(作“是否”講)僅限于動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)從句中，但discuss，decide等動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句除外。 4.連接詞的使用易受漢語(yǔ)干擾 (誤)The reason why I was late is because I was trapped in the traffic jam. (正)The reason why I was late is that I was trapped in the traffic jam. 通過(guò)提取簡(jiǎn)化可得出：The reason is because...在英語(yǔ)中這顯然造成了重復(fù)現(xiàn)象。 返回 模擬強(qiáng)化練 Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空 1.

　　we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel. 解析　分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知“

　　we understand things”為主語(yǔ)從句，主語(yǔ)從句中主謂賓成分齊全，結(jié)合句意可知，此處缺少方式狀語(yǔ)。故填how。 How 解析答案 2.A ship in harbor is safe，but that’s not

　　ships are built for. 解析　that’s not后跟從句作表語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)從句中的for后缺少賓語(yǔ)，用what引導(dǎo)，what與for連用，表示目的。what在句中既作表語(yǔ)從句的連接詞又作從句中for的賓語(yǔ)。故填what。 3.—Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday? —Yeah，but I have no idea

　　he did it；that’s one of his favorite universities. 解析　答句句意為：是的，但我不知道他為什么那樣做，那是他最喜歡的大學(xué)之一。he did it作idea的同位語(yǔ)，由句意可知表示原因，故填why。 what why 解析答案 4.The new boy looked at the teacher for a few seconds and all the other students wondered

　　the boy would do. 解析　設(shè)空處既作賓語(yǔ)從句的連接詞又作從句中do的賓語(yǔ)，故填what。 5.It doesn’t matter

　　you turn right or left at the crossing—both roads lead to the park. 解析　句意為：你在十字路口往右拐還是往左拐都無(wú)關(guān)緊要——兩條路都通往公園。考查主語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)句意及or可知此處用whether構(gòu)成固定搭配whether...or...(是……還是……)。if一般不引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句。 what whether

　　解析答案 6.As many as five courses are provided，and you are free to choose

　　suits you best. 解析　句意為：這里有五門(mén)課程供你選擇，你可以自由選擇任何一門(mén)最適合你的。本題考查賓語(yǔ)從句。從句中缺少主語(yǔ)成分。且題干中已給出選擇的范圍as many as five courses are provided，故用whichever。 7.Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt

　　the meeting would be postponed. 解析　句意為：下午2點(diǎn)左右，有人通知說(shuō)會(huì)議要推遲了。本題考查同位語(yǔ)從句。came around two in the afternoon把名詞notice與其同位語(yǔ)從句分隔開(kāi)來(lái)，增加了題目的難度。同位語(yǔ)從句結(jié)構(gòu)完整，不缺少任何成分，所以用連接詞that引導(dǎo)。 9.A farmer once organized a competition between his dog and his rabbit.He dug a hole in one of his biggest fields，and hid a carrot and a bone in it.He wanted to see

　　animal would find them first. 解析　農(nóng)夫想看看狗和兔子哪一個(gè)先找到胡蘿卜和骨頭。 that which 解析答案 10.It can be really upset trying to ask for something in a store or to tell the taxi driver

　　you are going. 解析　此處where引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。 where 解析答案 Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò)(每小題1處錯(cuò)誤) 1.That Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness. 答案　That→What 2.It was never clear whether the man hadn’t reported the accident sooner. 答案　whether→why 3.It is still under discussion if the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not. 答案　if→whether 答案 4.The shocking news made me realize how terrible problems we would face. 答案　how→what 5.The villagers have already known which we’ll do is to rebuild the bridge. 答案　which→what 6.What he should do is he stays at home and waits for his mother from work. 答案　is之后加that 7.The reason why he was late was because his bike went wrong. 答案　because→that 答案 8.I’d like to start my own business—that’s how I’d do if I had the money. 答案　how→what 9.He came late.That was he got up late. 答案　was之后加because 10.The question that why so many people would choose to live in the countryside but to work in the city is still under discussion. 答案　去掉that 答案 Ⅲ.語(yǔ)法填空 A(名詞性從句專(zhuān)練) 1.

　　worries my classmate Mary a lot these days is 2.

　　she puts on too much weight and she is frequently ill.She has some doubts 3.

　　she eats too much fast food high in fat or sugar.Also，with the college entrance examination approaching，she becomes more stressful and she can’t sleep well these days. Maybe this is 4.

　　she becomes fatter these days，she thinks.5.

　　she becomes slimmer and healthier has been her main task. What that whether why How 答案 So she wants to consult some experts and gain some instructions.But where she could get better suggestions and 6.

　　will give her better advice also puzzle her.It is her parents’ suggestion 7.

　　she should consult Professor Wang in Zhongshan Hospital.Professor Wang suggests 8.

　　she keep a balanced diet first.She should eat vegetables and fruit high in fiber，vitamin and protein.What’s more，if she wants to lose weight，she had better take regular exercise more than half an hour a day.Mary asked Professor Wang 9.

　　she should take exercise.Professor Wang advised her to take exercise at 5 o’clock in the afternoon.That is 10.

　　she will have more time to do sports.It is with the help of Professor Wang that Mary has become much healthier now. who that that when because 答案 B In China，college years 11.

　　(see) as a time for fun and

　　12.

　　(relax).It’s a period to explore the freedom you never had in high school.13.

　　in the US，students have to face 14. (add) responsibilities. According to 15.

　　new study from the Georgetown University Center，most college students in the US—between 70 and 80 percent—are working

　　16.

　　attending school in order to reduce the financial burden of tuition. are seen relaxation But added a while 答案 These “working 17.

　　(learn)” also benefit by gaining workplace experience，according to the study.They tend to have an

　　18.

　　(early) time finding a job after graduation.They are also reported 19.

　　(be) more likely to eventually enter a professional or managerial job，compared to those 20.

　　didn’t work during college. Work and learning are becoming a popular trend among the youth. learners earlier to be who 答案 返回 * * * * * * * * * * * * 第三部分

　　句法篇 核心考點(diǎn)精析 名詞性從句在高考中的應(yīng)用 模擬強(qiáng)化練 1 2 3 核心考點(diǎn)精析 名詞性從句中的連接詞有從屬連詞that/whether/if，連接代詞what/who/which/whose/whatever/whoever/whomever/whichever，連接副詞where/when/why/how/wherever/whenever。 ◆名詞性從句(主語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句)中連接詞的運(yùn)用 1.that的用法。 (1)主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句中用that但不能省略。 That they are good at English is known to us all. The problem is that we don’t have enough money. The report that there will be a severe storm in the northern area is false. (2)一般情況下，賓語(yǔ)從句中的引導(dǎo)詞that可省略，但在以下幾種情況中that一般不省略：(A)當(dāng)that從句和主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之間有插入語(yǔ)時(shí)；(B)有多個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的從句時(shí)，第一個(gè)that可以省略，而其他的that常不可省略； (C)介詞except，but，besides，in等后跟that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)；(D)當(dāng)when，who，what，where，why，how等引導(dǎo)的從句與that引導(dǎo)的從句作主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的并列賓語(yǔ)時(shí)。 He judged that，because he was a child，he did not understand wine. The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do. Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried. (3)that和what的區(qū)別。 that 引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)，在主從句中不擔(dān)當(dāng)任何句子成分，也沒(méi)有任何含義；而what引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)，在主從句中都要充當(dāng)一定的句子成分，what可以分解成定語(yǔ)從句中的“先行詞＋關(guān)系代詞”，即常說(shuō)的“先行詞＋that/which/who”。 It’s a shame that he has made such a mistake. I will do what I can (do) to help him. (4)同位語(yǔ)從句與定語(yǔ)從句中that的區(qū)別。 同位語(yǔ)從句中的連接詞that只起連接作用，在從句中不擔(dān)當(dāng)任何句子成分；而定語(yǔ)從句中的關(guān)系代詞that在句中作賓語(yǔ)或主語(yǔ)，與先行詞有修飾關(guān)系。如果句子是同位語(yǔ)從句，就應(yīng)用連接詞that而不能用which。同位語(yǔ)從句一般放在表具體含義的名詞后解釋說(shuō)明名詞的含義或內(nèi)容，如以下名詞：news，fact，suggestion，truth，plan，belief，doubt，possibility，idea等，而定語(yǔ)從句只是對(duì)先行詞的限定和修飾。 They expressed the hope that they would come to visit China again.(同位語(yǔ)從句) The hope that they expressed is that they would come to visit China again.(定語(yǔ)從句)

　　2.whether和if的用法。 (1)whether和if在賓語(yǔ)從句中可以互換，但是作介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)連接詞一般用whether。 It all depends on whether they will come back. (2)后面直接跟or not 時(shí)用whether。 I didn’t know whether or not he had arrived in Wuhan. (3)主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句中只能用whether。 Whether the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet. The question is whether they have so much money. (4)whether可以引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，用以說(shuō)明前面的名詞的內(nèi)容，if則不能。 We ought to discuss carefully the question whether we can do it or not. (5)whether常與or連用表示一種選擇，if不能這樣用；whether也可與動(dòng)詞不定式連用但if不能。 The question of whether they are male or female is not important. I have not decided whether to go or not. (6)間接賓語(yǔ)位于句首時(shí)或者間接賓語(yǔ)提前時(shí)用whether不用if。 Thank you，but whether I’ll be free I’m not sure at the moment. (7)whether可引導(dǎo)一個(gè)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句表示“不管”、“無(wú)論”，而if不能。 Whether he comes or not，we will begin our party on time. 3.“疑問(wèn)詞＋ever”和“no matter＋疑問(wèn)詞”的區(qū)別。 (1)“疑問(wèn)詞＋ever”可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，在主從句中要充當(dāng)一定的成分。 Whoever breaks the rule must be punished. You can choose whatever you like in the shop. (2)“疑問(wèn)詞＋ever”還可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。 Whoever breaks the rule，he must be punished. Whatever you do，you must do it well. (3)“no matter＋疑問(wèn)詞”只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。 No matter what you do，you must put your heart into it. No matter who comes late，he must be punished. 4.when和where引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句與定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別。 when 和where前面的名詞若是表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)的名詞，則when和where引導(dǎo)的是定語(yǔ)從句，否則為同位語(yǔ)從句。 They put forward the question where they could get the money.(同位語(yǔ)從句) This is the place where the accident happened.(定語(yǔ)從句) ◆主語(yǔ)從句的核心考點(diǎn) 1.主語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)，大多數(shù)主語(yǔ)從句都可以用it作形式主語(yǔ)而把主語(yǔ)從句置于句尾。 2.that引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句時(shí)可用it作形式主語(yǔ)，that不可省；what引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句表示“……的東西”時(shí)，一般不用it作形式主語(yǔ)；whatever，whoever，whichever一般也不用it作形式主語(yǔ)。 That she will succeed is certain. →It is certain that she will succeed. What he needs is more experience. 常見(jiàn)的it替代that引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句的句式主要有以下幾種： (1)It＋系動(dòng)詞＋形容詞(necessary，right，likely，unlikely，wrong，important，certain，clear，obvious，strange，normal等)＋that從句 It is certain that most of the farmers have brought in more money by all means. (2)It＋be＋名詞(短語(yǔ))(a pity，a shame，good news，a fact，an honour，a wonder，no wonder等)＋that從句 It’s no wonder that you’ve achieved so much success. (3)It＋be＋過(guò)去分詞(said，told，heard，reported，decided，suggested，advised，ordered，remembered，thought，considered，well--known，announced等)＋that從句 It is said that the professor has already succeeded in carrying out the experiment. (4)It＋特殊動(dòng)詞(seem，appear，happen，matter)＋that從句 It happened to me that I had been away when he called. 注意：(1)在“It is necessary/important/strange/natural...＋that從句”結(jié)構(gòu)中，從句謂語(yǔ)常用“(should＋)動(dòng)詞原形”形式。 (2)在“It＋be＋suggested/advised/ordered/requested/insisted/required...＋that從句”結(jié)構(gòu)中，that從句謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)用“(should＋)動(dòng)詞原形”。 1.動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)從句 (1)大多數(shù)動(dòng)詞(hope，tell，say等)可以帶賓語(yǔ)從句。 We all expect that they will win，for members of their team are stronger. I don’t think you are right. I don’t suppose he cares，does he? (2)動(dòng)詞find，feel，think，consider，make，believe等后有賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，則需要it作形式賓語(yǔ)而將that賓語(yǔ)從句后置。 I think it necessary that we take plenty of boiled water every day. ◆賓語(yǔ)從句的核心考點(diǎn) (3)有些動(dòng)詞帶賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)習(xí)慣上需要在賓語(yǔ)從句前加it。這類(lèi)動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))有hate，enjoy，like，love，dislike，see to等。 I hate it when they talk with their mouths full. 2.一般情況下介詞后只能用wh-類(lèi)連接詞引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。 We are talking about whether we admit students into our club. 注意：(1)where引導(dǎo)的從句有時(shí)也可用作介詞的賓語(yǔ)。 We could see the temple quite clearly from where we lived. (2)that引導(dǎo)的從句作介詞的賓語(yǔ)是很少有的，只有在except，in，but等介詞后偶爾可能用到。 Your composition is quite good except that the organization is a bit loose. (3)sure，certain，glad，pleased，happy，surprised等表示“情感”的形容詞后也可帶賓語(yǔ)從句。 I’m sure that they will make it in spite of the terrible weather. ◆表語(yǔ)從句的核心考點(diǎn) 1.主句的主語(yǔ)是idea，advice，suggestion，order，request，requirement等名詞時(shí)，表語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即“(should＋)動(dòng)詞原形”的形式。 His suggestion is that we (should) change our course. 2.主語(yǔ)為名詞reason時(shí)，表語(yǔ)從句中的連接詞要用that，而不用why或because。 The reason for such a serious accident is that the driver was too careless and drank too much. 3.because，as if，as though，as，like等連接詞也可引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句。 He has lung disease.That is because he has been smoking too much. ◆同位語(yǔ)從句的核心考點(diǎn) 同位語(yǔ)從句是用以解釋說(shuō)明某一名詞的內(nèi)容的從句。 1.能接同位語(yǔ)從句的名詞有：belief，fact，hope，idea，doubt，news，conclusion，suggestion，problem，order，answer，decision，explanation，information，thought等。 2.同位語(yǔ)從句一般用that引導(dǎo)，但也可以用連接代詞(what，which，who)、連接副詞(when，where，why，how)或whether引導(dǎo)。 I have no idea what has happened to him. 3.有時(shí)同位語(yǔ)從句不緊跟在它所說(shuō)明的某個(gè)名詞后，而是被別的詞隔開(kāi)。 The story goes that William Tell did kill the king with that sword. 返回 名詞性從句高考中的應(yīng)用 ◆名詞性從句與語(yǔ)法填空 在語(yǔ)法填空題中主要考查名詞性從句中的連接詞。名詞性從句包括主語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句，其連接詞一般不可省略(賓語(yǔ)從句中的that可省略)。 典題試做1 在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)倪B接詞 1.As natural architects，the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly

　　thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.(2024·全國(guó)Ⅱ) 解析　分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，這是一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)形容詞thick及結(jié)構(gòu)可知這里的意思是印第安人要算出土坯墻的確切厚度。故填how。 how 解析答案 2.I didn’t understand

　　this would happen and my credit card had already been charged for the reservation.(2024·廣東) 解析　考查賓語(yǔ)從句中的連接詞。“我”不知道/不明白

　　會(huì)發(fā)生這樣的事情。不明白的一定是原因，故用why引導(dǎo)。

　　is important is that we let others know we care about them.(2024·湖南) 解析　設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句且在從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用what。 why What 解析答案 4.Over the next several months，my professor taught me

　　one story was so much better than the other.One was rich in metaphor(隱喻) and character development，while the other was humorous but too shallow.(2011·湖南) 解析　考查賓語(yǔ)從句中的連接詞。根據(jù)后句可知，“我的教授教給我為什么一個(gè)故事比另一個(gè)更好的原因”，故填why。 5.For one thing，parents have time to think about

　　they want to say before they write.(2010·湖南) 解析　考查賓語(yǔ)從句中的連接詞。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句且在從句中作say的賓語(yǔ)，故填what。 why what 解析答案 應(yīng)對(duì)策略1 若含有兩個(gè)主謂結(jié)構(gòu)的句子之間，沒(méi)有句號(hào)或分號(hào)，也沒(méi)有連詞，那么空格處一定填連接詞，若其中一個(gè)分句作另一個(gè)句子的成分，注意根據(jù)成分關(guān)系確定相應(yīng)的復(fù)合從句，再根據(jù)從句中缺何成分確定連接詞。 ◆名詞性從句與短文改錯(cuò) 短文改錯(cuò)中對(duì)于名詞性從句的考查主要涉及連接詞使用不當(dāng)，缺少連接詞以及what與that、which混用等。 典題試做2 單句改錯(cuò)(每小題1處錯(cuò)誤) 1.After looking at the toy for some time，he turned around and found where his parents were missing.(2024·全國(guó)Ⅱ) 解析　句意為：……他轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)身發(fā)現(xiàn)父母不見(jiàn)了。由句意可知賓語(yǔ)從句句意完整，所以應(yīng)該用that引導(dǎo)從句或省略。 答案　去掉where或where→that 2.How do you think I should do？(2024·四川) 解析　考查賓語(yǔ)從句中疑問(wèn)詞的選擇。本句中do之后缺少賓語(yǔ)，故用what。 答案　How→What 解析答案 * * * * * * * * * * * *

　　3.If you notice that when someone is missing or hurt，tell your teacher immediately.(2024·四川) 解析　考查賓語(yǔ)從句中連接詞。that后為陳述式的賓語(yǔ)從句，作notice的賓語(yǔ)。 答案　去掉when 4.“He has ruined his health.We are worried about him.”That is which other teachers say.(2024·遼寧) 解析　考查表語(yǔ)從句中的連接詞。what作say的賓語(yǔ)，指其他老師說(shuō)話的內(nèi)容。 答案　which→what 解析答案 5.This is how I need to improve in the future.(2024·大綱全國(guó))

　　答案

　　how→what/where 解析答案 應(yīng)對(duì)策略2 對(duì)于名詞性從句中連接詞的考查，注意首先判斷兩個(gè)單句之間是否有連接詞，再根據(jù)不同的句式結(jié)構(gòu)，判斷連接詞是否運(yùn)用正確。解題時(shí)，可以注意以下幾個(gè)方面： (1)把握前后兩句話之間的銜接關(guān)系進(jìn)行判定是何從句，再根據(jù)連接詞在句中作何成分，判斷正誤； (2)注意which與that，which與what，whether與if以及其他wh-連接詞的用法區(qū)別。 ◆書(shū)面表達(dá)中名詞性從句易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)聚焦 1.語(yǔ)序問(wèn)題 (誤)These pictures show you what does our village look like. (正)These pictures show you what our village looks like. 此處賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序應(yīng)用陳述語(yǔ)序，而不是特殊疑問(wèn)句的語(yǔ)序。 (誤)Do you think which of these is the most useful invention? (正)Which of these do you think is the most useful invention? 在疑問(wèn)語(yǔ)氣中，賓語(yǔ)從句的連接詞應(yīng)擔(dān)當(dāng)特殊疑問(wèn)詞的角色位于句首。 2.what和that的運(yùn)用 (誤)America was that was first called “India” by Columbus. (正)America was what was first called “India” by Columbus. 在名詞性從句中，連接詞that既不作任何句子成分，也沒(méi)有意義；而連接代詞what則相反，它既充當(dāng)從句的主干成分也有其自身的意義。 另外，我們可以把what解釋為：the＋名詞＋that/which。 3.whether和if的運(yùn)用 (誤)If we’ll hold the party has not been decided yet. (正)Whether we’ll hold the party has not been decided yet. whether適用于任何情況；if(作“是否”講)僅限于動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)從句中，但discuss，decide等動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句除外。 4.連接詞的使用易受漢語(yǔ)干擾 (誤)The reason why I was late is because I was trapped in the traffic jam. (正)The reason why I was late is that I was trapped in the traffic jam. 通過(guò)提取簡(jiǎn)化可得出：The reason is because...在英語(yǔ)中這顯然造成了重復(fù)現(xiàn)象。 返回 模擬強(qiáng)化練 Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空 1.

　　we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel. 解析　分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知“

　　we understand things”為主語(yǔ)從句，主語(yǔ)從句中主謂賓成分齊全，結(jié)合句意可知，此處缺少方式狀語(yǔ)。故填how。 How 解析答案 2.A ship in harbor is safe，but that’s not

　　ships are built for. 解析　that’s not后跟從句作表語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)從句中的for后缺少賓語(yǔ)，用what引導(dǎo)，what與for連用，表示目的。what在句中既作表語(yǔ)從句的連接詞又作從句中for的賓語(yǔ)。故填what。 3.—Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday? —Yeah，but I have no idea

　　he did it；that’s one of his favorite universities. 解析　答句句意為：是的，但我不知道他為什么那樣做，那是他最喜歡的大學(xué)之一。he did it作idea的同位語(yǔ)，由句意可知表示原因，故填why。 what why 解析答案 4.The new boy looked at the teacher for a few seconds and all the other students wondered

　　the boy would do. 解析　設(shè)空處既作賓語(yǔ)從句的連接詞又作從句中do的賓語(yǔ)，故填what。 5.It doesn’t matter

　　you turn right or left at the crossing—both roads lead to the park. 解析　句意為：你在十字路口往右拐還是往左拐都無(wú)關(guān)緊要——兩條路都通往公園?？疾橹髡Z(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)句意及or可知此處用whether構(gòu)成固定搭配whether...or...(是……還是……)。if一般不引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句。 what whether

　　解析答案 6.As many as five courses are provided，and you are free to choose

　　suits you best. 解析　句意為：這里有五門(mén)課程供你選擇，你可以自由選擇任何一門(mén)最適合你的。本題考查賓語(yǔ)從句。從句中缺少主語(yǔ)成分。且題干中已給出選擇的范圍as many as five courses are provided，故用whichever。 7.Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt

　　the meeting would be postponed. 解析　句意為：下午2點(diǎn)左右，有人通知說(shuō)會(huì)議要推遲了。本題考查同位語(yǔ)從句。came around two in the afternoon把名詞notice與其同位語(yǔ)從句分隔開(kāi)來(lái)，增加了題目的難度。同位語(yǔ)從句結(jié)構(gòu)完整，不缺少任何成分，所以用連接詞that引導(dǎo)。 9.A farmer once organized a competition between his dog and his rabbit.He dug a hole in one of his biggest fields，and hid a carrot and a bone in it.He wanted to see

　　animal would find them first. 解析　農(nóng)夫想看看狗和兔子哪一個(gè)先找到胡蘿卜和骨頭。 that which 解析答案 10.It can be really upset trying to ask for something in a store or to tell the taxi driver

　　you are going. 解析　此處where引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。 where 解析答案 Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò)(每小題1處錯(cuò)誤) 1.That Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness. 答案　That→What 2.It was never clear whether the man hadn’t reported the accident sooner. 答案　whether→why 3.It is still under discussion if the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not. 答案　if→whether 答案 4.The shocking news made me realize how terrible problems we would face. 答案　how→what 5.The villagers have already known which we’ll do is to rebuild the bridge. 答案　which→what 6.What he should do is he stays at home and waits for his mother from work. 答案　is之后加that 7.The reason why he was late was because his bike went wrong. 答案　because→that 答案 8.I’d like to start my own business—that’s how I’d do if I had the money. 答案　how→what 9.He came late.That was he got up late. 答案　was之后加because 10.The question that why so many people would choose to live in the countryside but to work in the city is still under discussion. 答案　去掉that 答案 Ⅲ.語(yǔ)法填空 A(名詞性從句專(zhuān)練) 1.

　　worries my classmate Mary a lot these days is 2.

　　she puts on too much weight and she is frequently ill.She has some doubts 3.

　　she eats too much fast food high in fat or sugar.Also，with the college entrance examination approaching，she becomes more stressful and she can’t sleep well these days. Maybe this is 4.

　　she becomes fatter these days，she thinks.5.

　　she becomes slimmer and healthier has been her main task. What that whether why How 答案 So she wants to consult some experts and gain some instructions.But where she could get better suggestions and 6.

　　will give her better advice also puzzle her.It is her parents’ suggestion 7.

　　she should consult Professor Wang in Zhongshan Hospital.Professor Wang suggests 8.

　　she keep a balanced diet first.She should eat vegetables and fruit high in fiber，vitamin and protein.What’s more，if she wants to lose weight，she had better take regular exercise more than half an hour a day.Mary asked Professor Wang 9.

　　she should take exercise.Professor Wang advised her to take exercise at 5 o’clock in the afternoon.That is 10.

　　she will have more time to do sports.It is with the help of Professor Wang that Mary has become much healthier now. who that that when because 答案 B In China，college years 11.

　　(see) as a time for fun and

　　12.

　　(relax).It’s a period to explore the freedom you never had in high school.13.

　　in the US，students have to face 14. (add) responsibilities. According to 15.

　　new study from the Georgetown University Center，most college students in the US—between 70 and 80 percent—are working

　　16.

　　attending school in order to reduce the financial burden of tuition. are seen relaxation But added a while 答案 These “working 17.

　　(learn)” also benefit by gaining workplace experience，according to the study.They tend to have an

　　18.

　　(early) time finding a job after graduation.They are also reported 19.

　　(be) more likely to eventually enter a professional or managerial job，compared to those 20.

　　didn’t work during college. Work and learning are becoming a popular trend among the youth. learners earlier to be who 答案 返回 * * * * * * * * * * * * 第三部分

　　句法篇 核心考點(diǎn)精析 名詞性從句在高考中的應(yīng)用 模擬強(qiáng)化練 1 2 3 核心考點(diǎn)精析 名詞性從句中的連接詞有從屬連詞that/whether/if，連接代詞what/who/which/whose/whatever/whoever/whomever/whichever，連接副詞where/when/why/how/wherever/whenever。 ◆名詞性從句(主語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句)中連接詞的運(yùn)用 1.that的用法。 (1)主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句中用that但不能省略。 That they are good at English is known to us all. The problem is that we don’t have enough money. The report that there will be a severe storm in the northern area is false. (2)一般情況下，賓語(yǔ)從句中的引導(dǎo)詞that可省略，但在以下幾種情況中that一般不省略：(A)當(dāng)that從句和主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之間有插入語(yǔ)時(shí)；(B)有多個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的從句時(shí)，第一個(gè)that可以省略，而其他的that常不可省略； (C)介詞except，but，besides，in等后跟that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)；(D)當(dāng)when，who，what，where，why，how等引導(dǎo)的從句與that引導(dǎo)的從句作主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的并列賓語(yǔ)時(shí)。 He judged that，because he was a child，he did not understand wine. The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do. Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried. (3)that和what的區(qū)別。 that 引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)，在主從句中不擔(dān)當(dāng)任何句子成分，也沒(méi)有任何含義；而what引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)，在主從句中都要充當(dāng)一定的句子成分，what可以分解成定語(yǔ)從句中的“先行詞＋關(guān)系代詞”，即常說(shuō)的“先行詞＋that/which/who”。 It’s a shame that he has made such a mistake. I will do what I can (do) to help him. (4)同位語(yǔ)從句與定語(yǔ)從句中that的區(qū)別。 同位語(yǔ)從句中的連接詞that只起連接作用，在從句中不擔(dān)當(dāng)任何句子成分；而定語(yǔ)從句中的關(guān)系代詞that在句中作賓語(yǔ)或主語(yǔ)，與先行詞有修飾關(guān)系。如果句子是同位語(yǔ)從句，就應(yīng)用連接詞that而不能用which。同位語(yǔ)從句一般放在表具體含義的名詞后解釋說(shuō)明名詞的含義或內(nèi)容，如以下名詞：news，fact，suggestion，truth，plan，belief，doubt，possibility，idea等，而定語(yǔ)從句只是對(duì)先行詞的限定和修飾。 They expressed the hope that they would come to visit China again.(同位語(yǔ)從句) The hope that they expressed is that they would come to visit China again.(定語(yǔ)從句)

　　2.whether和if的用法。 (1)whether和if在賓語(yǔ)從句中可以互換，但是作介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)連接詞一般用whether。 It all depends on whether they will come back. (2)后面直接跟or not 時(shí)用whether。 I didn’t know whether or not he had arrived in Wuhan. (3)主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句中只能用whether。 Whether the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet. The question is whether they have so much money. (4)whether可以引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，用以說(shuō)明前面的名詞的內(nèi)容，if則不能。 We ought to discuss carefully the question whether we can do it or not. (5)whether常與or連用表示一種選擇，if不能這樣用；whether也可與動(dòng)詞不定式連用但if不能。 The question of whether they are male or female is not important. I have not decided whether to go or not. (6)間接賓語(yǔ)位于句首時(shí)或者間接賓語(yǔ)提前時(shí)用whether不用if。 Thank you，but whether I’ll be free I’m not sure at the moment. (7)whether可引導(dǎo)一個(gè)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句表示“不管”、“無(wú)論”，而if不能。 Whether he comes or not，we will begin our party on time. 3.“疑問(wèn)詞＋ever”和“no matter＋疑問(wèn)詞”的區(qū)別。 (1)“疑問(wèn)詞＋ever”可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，在主從句中要充當(dāng)一定的成分。 Whoever breaks the rule must be punished. You can choose whatever you like in the shop. (2)“疑問(wèn)詞＋ever”還可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。 Whoever breaks the rule，he must be punished. Whatever you do，you must do it well. (3)“no matter＋疑問(wèn)詞”只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。 No matter what you do，you must put your heart into it. No matter who comes late，he must be punished. 4.when和where引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句與定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別。 when 和where前面的名詞若是表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)的名詞，則when和where引導(dǎo)的是定語(yǔ)從句，否則為同位語(yǔ)從句。 They put forward the question where they could get the money.(同位語(yǔ)從句) This is the place where the accident happened.(定語(yǔ)從句) ◆主語(yǔ)從句的核心考點(diǎn) 1.主語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)，大多數(shù)主語(yǔ)從句都可以用it作形式主語(yǔ)而把主語(yǔ)從句置于句尾。 2.that引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句時(shí)可用it作形式主語(yǔ)，that不可省；what引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句表示“……的東西”時(shí)，一般不用it作形式主語(yǔ)；whatever，whoever，whichever一般也不用it作形式主語(yǔ)。 That she will succeed is certain. →It is certain that she will succeed. What he needs is more experience. 常見(jiàn)的it替代that引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句的句式主要有以下幾種： (1)It＋系動(dòng)詞＋形容詞(necessary，right，likely，unlikely，wrong，important，certain，clear，obvious，strange，normal等)＋that從句 It is certain that most of the farmers have brought in more money by all means. (2)It＋be＋名詞(短語(yǔ))(a pity，a shame，good news，a fact，an honour，a wonder，no wonder等)＋that從句 It’s no wonder that you’ve achieved so much success. (3)It＋be＋過(guò)去分詞(said，told，heard，reported，decided，suggested，advised，ordered，remembered，thought，considered，well--known，announced等)＋that從句 It is said that the professor has already succeeded in carrying out the experiment. (4)It＋特殊動(dòng)詞(seem，appear，happen，matter)＋that從句 It happened to me that I had been away when he called. 注意：(1)在“It is necessary/important/strange/natural...＋that從句”結(jié)構(gòu)中，從句謂語(yǔ)常用“(should＋)動(dòng)詞原形”形式。 (2)在“It＋be＋suggested/advised/ordered/requested/insisted/required...＋that從句”結(jié)構(gòu)中，that從句謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)用“(should＋)動(dòng)詞原形”。 1.動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)從句 (1)大多數(shù)動(dòng)詞(hope，tell，say等)可以帶賓語(yǔ)從句。 We all expect that they will win，for members of their team are stronger. I don’t think you are right. I don’t suppose he cares，does he? (2)動(dòng)詞find，feel，think，consider，make，believe等后有賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，則需要it作形式賓語(yǔ)而將that賓語(yǔ)從句后置。 I think it necessary that we take plenty of boiled water every day. ◆賓語(yǔ)從句的核心考點(diǎn) (3)有些動(dòng)詞帶賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)習(xí)慣上需要在賓語(yǔ)從句前加it。這類(lèi)動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))有hate，enjoy，like，love，dislike，see to等。 I hate it when they talk with their mouths full. 2.一般情況下介詞后只能用wh-類(lèi)連接詞引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。 We are talking about whether we admit students into our club. 注意：(1)where引導(dǎo)的從句有時(shí)也可用作介詞的賓語(yǔ)。 We could see the temple quite clearly from where we lived. (2)that引導(dǎo)的從句作介詞的賓語(yǔ)是很少有的，只有在except，in，but等介詞后偶爾可能用到。 Your composition is quite good except that the organization is a bit loose. (3)sure，certain，glad，pleased，happy，surprised等表示“情感”的形容詞后也可帶賓語(yǔ)從句。 I’m sure that they will make it in spite of the terrible weather. ◆表語(yǔ)從句的核心考點(diǎn) 1.主句的主語(yǔ)是idea，advice，suggestion，order，request，requirement等名詞時(shí)，表語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即“(should＋)動(dòng)詞原形”的形式。 His suggestion is that we (should) change our course. 2.主語(yǔ)為名詞reason時(shí)，表語(yǔ)從句中的連接詞要用that，而不用why或because。 The reason for such a serious accident is that the driver was too careless and drank too much. 3.because，as if，as though，as，like等連接詞也可引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句。 He has lung disease.That is because he has been smoking too much. ◆同位語(yǔ)從句的核心考點(diǎn) 同位語(yǔ)從句是用以解釋說(shuō)明某一名詞的內(nèi)容的從句。 1.能接同位語(yǔ)從句的名詞有：belief，fact，hope，idea，doubt，news，conclusion，suggestion，problem，order，answer，decision，explanation，information，thought等。 2.同位語(yǔ)從句一般用that引導(dǎo)，但也可以用連接代詞(what，which，who)、連接副詞(when，where，why，how)或whether引導(dǎo)。 I have no idea what has happened to him. 3.有時(shí)同位語(yǔ)從句不緊跟在它所說(shuō)明的某個(gè)名詞后，而是被別的詞隔開(kāi)。 The story goes that William Tell did kill the king with that sword. 返回 名詞性從句高考中的應(yīng)用 ◆名詞性從句與語(yǔ)法填空 在語(yǔ)法填空題中主要考查名詞性從句中的連接詞。名詞性從句包括主語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句，其連接詞一般不可省略(賓語(yǔ)從句中的that可省略)。 典題試做1 在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)倪B接詞 1.As natural architects，the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly

　　thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.(2024·全國(guó)Ⅱ) 解析　分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，這是一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)形容詞thick及結(jié)構(gòu)可知這里的意思是印第安人要算出土坯墻的確切厚度。故填how。 how 解析答案 2.I didn’t understand

　　this would happen and my credit card had already been charged for the reservation.(2024·廣東) 解析　考查賓語(yǔ)從句中的連接詞?！拔摇辈恢?不明白

　　會(huì)發(fā)生這樣的事情。不明白的一定是原因，故用why引導(dǎo)。

　　is important is that we let others know we care about them.(2024·湖南) 解析　設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句且在從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用what。 why What 解析答案 4.Over the next several months，my professor taught me

　　one story was so much better than the other.One was rich in metaphor(隱喻) and character development，while the other was humorous but too shallow.(2011·湖南) 解析　考查賓語(yǔ)從句中的連接詞。根據(jù)后句可知，“我的教授教給我為什么一個(gè)故事比另一個(gè)更好的原因”，故填why。 5.For one thing，parents have time to think about

　　they want to say before they write.(2010·湖南) 解析　考查賓語(yǔ)從句中的連接詞。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句且在從句中作say的賓語(yǔ)，故填what。 why what 解析答案 應(yīng)對(duì)策略1 若含有兩個(gè)主謂結(jié)構(gòu)的句子之間，沒(méi)有句號(hào)或分號(hào)，也沒(méi)有連詞，那么空格處一定填連接詞，若其中一個(gè)分句作另一個(gè)句子的成分，注意根據(jù)成分關(guān)系確定相應(yīng)的復(fù)合從句，再根據(jù)從句中缺何成分確定連接詞。 ◆名詞性從句與短文改錯(cuò) 短文改錯(cuò)中對(duì)于名詞性從句的考查主要涉及連接詞使用不當(dāng)，缺少連接詞以及what與that、which混用等。 典題試做2 單句改錯(cuò)(每小題1處錯(cuò)誤) 1.After looking at the toy for some time，he turned around and found where his parents were missing.(2024·全國(guó)Ⅱ) 解析　句意為：……他轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)身發(fā)現(xiàn)父母不見(jiàn)了。由句意可知賓語(yǔ)從句句意完整，所以應(yīng)該用that引導(dǎo)從句或省略。 答案　去掉where或where→that 2.How do you think I should do？(2024·四川) 解析　考查賓語(yǔ)從句中疑問(wèn)詞的選擇。本句中do之后缺少賓語(yǔ)，故用what。 答案　How→What 解析答案 * * * * * * * * * * * *