2024屆高考英語二輪復習針對訓練：專題4 語法填空和短文改錯第3講語法專題 7 定語從句（通用版）

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　　定語從句

　　[專項訓練].單句語法填空(2024·北京重點中學聯(lián)考改編)The main street is lined with small stands and shops ____________sell almost anything you can imagine.解析：句意：主街道兩旁小貨攤和商店鱗次櫛比它們出售你能想象到的任何東西。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知設(shè)空處引導定語從句先行詞為small stands and shops指物且在從句中作主語故用which或that引導該定語從句。答案：which/that(2024·湖南益陽箴言中學模擬改編)Dad decided to build a small tool room with a lock____________he would keep his best tools so my brother couldn’t reach them.

　　解析：句意：父親決定建一個帶鎖的小工具室把他最好的工具放到里面這樣我弟弟就不會拿到了。設(shè)空處引導定語從句修飾先行詞a small tool room并在從句中作地點狀語故用where或in which引答案：where/in which(2024·陜西西安市83中階段考試改編)Recently____________you have attended events on your own.

　　解析：“you have attended events on your own”為定語從句先行詞occasion“場合時刻”并且在從句中作時間狀語故填when。答案：when(2024·四川樂清市二中月考改編)The science of computer____________rapid progress has been made in recent years，plays a very important role in our daily life.

　　解析：句意：電腦最近這些年進步飛速在我們的日常生活中扮演重要的角色。本題考查“介詞＋which/whom”引導的定語從句先行詞為the science of computer故填which。答案：which always create an atmosphere for her students，____________allows them to talk freely with each other.

　　解析：句意：她總能為自己的學生創(chuàng)造一種可以彼此自由交流的氛圍。先行詞為atmosphere在定語從句中作主語故填which。答案：which_____________is announced in today’s newspaper，we have launched another man-made satellite.

　　解析：句意：我們又發(fā)射了一顆人造衛(wèi)星這是As，表示“正如”。答案： As____________which I can’t go on with my work，broke down the other day.

　　解析：句意：我的手提電腦前幾天壞了沒有它我不能繼續(xù)工作。本句的computer是先________ which I can’t go on with my work是定語從句修飾computer從句中成分完整根據(jù)句意應用“否定介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”來引導定語從句故填without。答案：withoutHe is of confidence，____________，in my opinion，is most important in society.

　　解析：句意：他很自信在我看來這一點在社會中最重要。設(shè)空處引導非限制性定語從句先行詞是confidence定語從句中缺少主語用which引導。答案：whichand he can never find anything，____________is very frustrating.

　　解析：句意：我哥哥的臥室總是亂糟糟的which引導非限制性定語從句指代整個主句。答案：which____________they can see themselves differently.

　　解析：句意：讓孩子們能看到不同的自己很有幫助。抽象名詞situation作定語從句的先行詞在從句中作地點狀語where引導該定語從句。答案：where____________made his elder son discouraged.

　　解析：句意：那位老人把生意交給了小兒子這使他的大兒子很受打擊。設(shè)空處引導非限制性定語從句指代前面一整句話的內(nèi)容并在從句中作主語故填which。答案：which____________door often stays open until late at night，works as a home for the guards，some of ____________are from the countryside.

　　解析：句意：那間通常到深夜才關(guān)門的房子是給門衛(wèi)們住的他們中的一些人來the house，與后面的door之間為所屬關(guān)系故用關(guān)系代詞whose；第二空先行詞是guards指人關(guān)系代詞在介詞of后作賓語因此用關(guān)系代詞whom。答案：whose；whomtist was very proud of his creation and called it the best painting ____________he had ever done.

　　解析：句意：那位藝術(shù)家為他的創(chuàng)作感到自豪并稱之為他所創(chuàng)作的最好的作品。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知設(shè)空處引導定語從句先行詞為the best painting關(guān)系代詞在從句中作賓語。先行詞由形容詞最高級修飾時定語從句的關(guān)系代詞用that。答案：that____________ I was familiar with.

　　解析：句意：莉莉帶了一些朋友來參加我的生日聚會他們中我一個也不熟悉。逗號后為非限制性定語從句先行詞為a few friends指人且設(shè)空處作介詞of的賓語因此填 whom。答案：whomWe live in an age ____________more information is available with greater ease than ever before.

　　解析：句意：我們生活在一個比以往能夠更加容易得到更多信息的時代。先行詞是an age表示時間設(shè)空處在從句中作狀語所以用when。答案：when單句改錯(2024·北京西城二模改編)Paris has some great museums which visitors can see fine works of impressionist painters.解析：句意：巴黎有一些很棒的博物館在那里游客可以看到印象派畫家的優(yōu)秀作品。定語從句先行詞是some great museums先行詞是指地點的名詞且定語從句visitors can see fine works of impressionist painters句子結(jié)構(gòu)完整因此用關(guān)系副詞where來引答案：which—where(2024·天津十二區(qū)縣聯(lián)考改編)The course normally attracts 20 students per yearrom overseas.

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　解析：句意：這門課程一般每年吸引20個學生他們中多達一半的人將來自海外。先行詞為20 students。定語從句中包含固定短語half of...此處應將of提前介詞后只能接which和whom引導的定語從句故把who改為whom。答案：who—whom3．Shandong Normal University has developed a system on which students can choose whatever subject they like.

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　解析：句意：山東師范大學已經(jīng)研發(fā)了一個學生能夠選擇他們喜歡的任何課程的系統(tǒng)。先行詞system在從句中作地點狀語根據(jù)句意可知應用介詞in表示在這個系統(tǒng)中。答案：on—in(2024·山東青島一模改編)—Where did you get to know her?

　　—On the farm that we both worked in the 1970s.

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　解析：句意：——你在哪里認識她的？——在20世紀70年代我們兩個曾經(jīng)工作過的農(nóng)場(認識她的)。根據(jù)先行詞the farm在從句中作地點狀語所where。答案：that—where___________________________________________________________

　　解析：句意：那些舊照片使他們they spent together為定語從句先行詞為the days在定語從句中作spent的賓語故用which或that。答案：第一個when—which/thats brought out a new laptop which low cost will make it attractive to students.

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　解析：句意：聯(lián)想又出了一種新型筆記本電腦它低廉的價位會對學生們很有吸引力。先行詞為a new laptop在定語從句作定語故改為whose。答案：which—whose解析：句意：當日子變得艱苦時想一想生活中充滿快樂和幸福的時刻。先行詞a moment在定語從句中作主語故改為which或that。答案：when—which/that解析：句意：湯姆的母親不斷地告訴他應該認真學習這沒有起作用。此處是which引導的非限制性定語從句指代前面整個句子不能用that。答案：第二個that—which9．The problem about that I consulted you has now been solved.

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　解析：句意：我向你請教的那個問題現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)解決了。此處是“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”引導的定語從句。介詞后只能用which(指物)和whom(指人)不能用that和who。答案：that—which____________________________________

　　解析：句意：我能認出那本書那就是他從學校圖書館借來的that引導限制性定語從句修飾先行詞“ English book”。答案：as—that___________________________________________________

　　解析：the same...as...指“同樣”指“同一”。此處表示這個調(diào)皮的男孩和過去不一樣了即現(xiàn)在與過去不一樣了。答案：that—as______________________________________________________________

　　解析：such修飾的某一名詞時定語從句應用關(guān)系代詞as來引導因此把that改為as。答案：that—as_______________________________________________

　　解析：句意：Tom是一個如此出色的such...that引導結(jié)果狀語從句意為“如此……以至于……”。答案：as—that_________________

　　解析：句意：在溝通變得更加容易的全球化時代即使住得很遠的人們也能成為好朋友。先行詞為age關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作時間狀語故將which改為when。答案：which—when__________________________________________________________

　　解析：此處根據(jù)定語從句中的動詞短語take advantage后接of可確定介詞故將from改為of。答案：from—of[高考模擬]語法填空(2024·河北唐山市統(tǒng)一考試)閱讀下面材料在空白處填入1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。____________ (protect)．Crime goes up 2.____________

　　(rapid) during the winter and summer holiday seasons.Here are some things that you should keep in mind when you go on a holiday.____________ (strange) the feeling that you are at home.Have the snow 4.____________ (clean) off your stairs or out of your driveway during the winter season.You might ask someone to park 5.____________ car in your driveway.

　　Tell your newspaper deliverer that you are not at home.6.____________

　　(have) a pile of newspapers and other mail on your doorsteps tells people that you are not at home，so you could also have a neighbor 7.____________ a relative get your mail every day.

　　Fix a timer in some of your rooms 8.____________ turns lights on and

　　9.____________ during different time of the day.Some TVs also come with a timer that you could set to be turned on during certain time.Have motion(運動) sensitive lights outside your house that keep thieves away 10.____________ you are not at home.【解題導語】　本文介紹了外出度假時防賊入室的幾種方法。解析：考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。根據(jù)空格前的“do not make sure”可知此處應使用一般現(xiàn)在時；因從句謂語動詞protect與主語their houses and homes構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系所以使用被動語態(tài)。答案：are protected解析：考查副詞。此處為副詞作狀語修飾動詞短語“goes up”。答案：rapidly解析：考查名詞。此處為give后的直接賓語因此應用名詞又因此處應為泛指意義的復數(shù)名詞所以填入strangers。答案：strangers解析：考查過去分詞。此處為have的復合結(jié)構(gòu)因為clean與the snow構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系所以用過去分詞作賓補。答案：cleaned解析：考查代詞。因指代前文中的someone并在此處作car的定語所以填入形容詞性物主代詞his。答案：his解析：考查非謂語動詞。此處是用動名詞短語“Having a pile of newspapers and other mail on your doorsteps”作主語。答案：Having解析：考查連詞。此處表示選擇關(guān)系因此填入并列連詞or。答案：or解析：考查定語從句。此處為定語從句修飾先行詞a timer因關(guān)系詞替代先行詞在從句中作主語所以可填入that或which。答案：that/which解析：考查介詞。根據(jù)語境及空前的“on and”可知此處用off表示關(guān)燈。答案：off解析：考查時when或while引導時間狀語從句。注意：當從句謂語動詞為短暫性動詞時不能用while引導時間狀語從句。答案：when/while短文改錯(2024·河北唐山市一模)假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；只允許修改10處多者(從第11處起)不計分。I went to England last summer as a exchange student，and stayed there for three months.I used to thinking we had pretty various after-school activities.However，I was surprised to find their projects were even diverse.I made friend with the daughter of my

　　home-stay

　　family，which

　　was

　　college student.He was a member of different kinds of clubs，so I took the chance to join in some clubs，too.Can you believe I make a robot in the LEGO Club？I felt very proudly because I got first prize with my Lego robot.答案： exchange student，and stayed there for three months.I used to thinking,think we had pretty various after-school activities.However，I was surprised to find their projects were even

　　diverse.I made friend,friends with the daughter of my

　　home-stay

　　family，which,who

　　was

　　college student.He,She was a member of different kinds of clubs，so I took the chance to join

　　some clubs，too.Can you believe I make,made a robot in the LEGO Club？I felt very t first prize with my Lego robot.

　　Time spending,spent in England is so memorable that I will treasure it forever.

　　定語從句

　　解析：句意：我們又發(fā)射了一顆人造衛(wèi)星這是As，表示“正如”。答案： As____________which I can’t go on with my work，broke down the other day.

　　解析：句意：我哥哥的臥室總是亂糟糟的which引導非限制性定語從句指代整個主句。答案：which____________they can see themselves differently.

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　—On the farm that we both worked in the 1970s.

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　解析：such修飾的某一名詞時定語從句應用關(guān)系代詞as來引導因此把that改為as。答案：that—as_______________________________________________

　　解析：句意：Tom是一個如此出色的such...that引導結(jié)果狀語從句意為“如此……以至于……”。答案：as—that_________________

　　Tell your newspaper deliverer that you are not at home.6.____________

　　(have) a pile of newspapers and other mail on your doorsteps tells people that you are not at home，so you could also have a neighbor 7.____________ a relative get your mail every day.

　　Fix a timer in some of your rooms 8.____________ turns lights on and

　　home-stay

　　family，which

　　was

　　diverse.I made friend,friends with the daughter of my

　　home-stay

　　family，which,who

　　was

　　college student.He,She was a member of different kinds of clubs，so I took the chance to join

　　some clubs，too.Can you believe I make,made a robot in the LEGO Club？I felt very t first prize with my Lego robot.

　　Time spending,spent in England is so memorable that I will treasure it forever.