專題四 社會文化類

　　專項強化·訓練

　　A

　　(2024湖南懷化一模)

　　Sina Weibo,one of the country’s most popular micro-blogging sites,has launched a paid service.For a 10 yuan ($ 1.57) monthly fee,users get a membership on their Sina Weibo accounts.

　　According to Xu Yuanyuan,a member of the marketing team at Sina,the move is to guarantee a more convenient and safer environment for users.But despite the company’s efforts to increase income,it seems that most of its 300 million users still prefer the free version.

　　The premium membership (高級會員) plans,announced by the company on Monday,brought about negative comments from its users.

　　“The current service is good enough for me,”said a Beijing-based micro-blogger.“I don’t really need those value-added services and it might be a waste of money.I might consider paying for it if some more features are added.”

　　Dong Xu,an analyst with consulting firm Analyses International,said that Sina shouldn’t expect a great increase in income brought by the new services.The free services are enough for most users,Dong said.“The company has been making attempts at different profit models since last year.A potential source of income could be gaming.Games and advertisements are so far the two biggest sources of income,” she said.

　　Other micro-blogging service providers have not yet followed suit.Fang Gang,vice-president of rival Sohu,said via e-mail on Tuesday that Sohu’s micro-blogging service will never charge users.“It’s good news for us.Users can come to our website if they have to pay for services (at Sina),”Fang said.

　　【語篇導讀】新浪微博——當前全國的主流網站之一,今日推出一項收費計劃。每月只需十元就能獲得更好的服務。雖然公司管理人員覺得很有必要,但絕大部分網友并不買賬。

　　1.Most of Sina Weibo’s users　.?

　　A.aren’t satisfied with its free version

　　B.show no interest in its paid services

　　C.are looking forward to new services

　　D.think highly of its new paid version

　　解析:推理判斷題。根據第三段“The premium membership (高級會員) plans,...brought about negative comments from its users.”可知,收費計劃帶來了負面評價。選B項。

　　答案:B

　　2.What’s Dong Xu’s attitude towards Sina Weibo’s new services increasing income?

　　A.Negative.　B.Confident.

　　C.Indifferent. D.Positive.

　　解析:推理判斷題。根據Dong Xu 的話“...said that Sina shouldn’t expect a great increase in income brought by the new services.”可推測出她是持否定態度的。

　　答案:A

　　3.Why did Fang Gang consider Sina Weibo’s charging its users good news?

　　A.Because Sina will make more money.

　　B.Because Sina will lose the whole Weibo market.

　　C.Because Sohu will attract more users.

　　D.Because Sohu will offer free services.

　　解析:推理判斷題。最后一段中的句子“Users can come to our website if they have to pay for services (at Sina),”可知他認為新浪微博如果收費的話,對于搜狐而言是好事,因為客戶可以選擇免費的搜狐微博。選C項。

　　答案:C

　　4.What can be inferred from the text?

　　A.Most of Weibo websites will charge their users.

　　B.Sina Weibo’s new move will be a great success.

　　C.Sina Weibo’s users will enjoy more services.

　　D.A large number of Weibo users like playing games.

　　解析:推理判斷題。從倒數第二段中的句子 “Games and advertisements are so far the two biggest sources of income”可知游戲是網站的主要收入之一,推測愛玩游戲的網民很多。

　　答案:D

　　5.What can be the best title for the text?

　　A.Sina Weibo Faces Great Challenges

　　B.Sina Weibo Launches Paid Services

　　C.Sina Weibo Expects Income Increase

　　D.Sina Weibo Becomes More Convenient

　　答案:B

　　解析:主旨大意題。文章圍繞新浪微博收費展開,所以B項最符合題意。

　　B

　　(2024安徽“江淮十校”四月聯考)

　　A man enters a store to buy milk.He walks out of the store with milk.That is all—milk.At the same time,a woman enters the same grocery store also to buy milk.She buys it.But,she also buys chicken and lemons to make dinner that night.Then she remembers to buy food for her son to eat at school.She also gets a bottle of wine for drinks with friends and a birthday card for her husband’s niece.Then she gets coffee for breakfast,ice cream for dessert and remembers stamps to mail the bills.And don’t forget soap for the bathroom.

　　And that is the difference between the female and male brains simply explained in a grocery store.Generally speaking,men do one thing at a time.Women do many.Doing many things at one time is often called “multi-tasking”,a very popular word these days.

　　Now scientific research supports this theory about male and female brains.A recent study has confirmed what we have known all along—men and women think differently.

　　Scientist at the University of Pennsylvania studied brain images of 949 people aged from 8 to 22 years old.They found that male brains have more connections on one side of the brain,or hemisphere.In female brain,they found more activity and connections between the right and left sides of the brain.The left side of the brain is known as the side of “reason”.The right hemisphere is known as the “creative” side.

　　Regina Verma is a professor at the University of Pennsylvania.She co-wrote the report.She says when women are asked to do something difficult they might use different parts of the brain.Men,she adds,generally use just one side of the brain.

　　As a result,men generally deal directly with a problem.There is a strong connection between the “understanding” and the “action” parts of their brains.Women,however,might include other parts of the brain,like the part connected with reason and the part connected with sensitivity when solving a problem.Women take a less direct path to find a solution.

　　Dr.Venma warns that the study should not lead anyone to expect some behaviors from women and others from men.

　　【語篇導讀】文章通過女士和男士的購物來說明男女之間處理問題的方式的不同。

　　6.By describing the scene of shopping,the writer wants to 　.?

　　A.reveal men and women’s preference of living expense

　　B.illustrate men and women’s different brains

　　C.criticize men’s simple lifestyle

　　D.think highly of women’s considerate behavior

　　解析:推理判斷題。A項“展示男、女之間生活費用的不同偏愛”;B項“說明男、女之間不同的大腦”;C項“批評男士簡單的生活方式”;D項“高度贊揚女士的體貼行為”。根據文章第二段的第一句話判斷選B項。

　　答案:B

　　7.When asked to deal with a problem,　.?

　　A.women tend to take action straight

　　B.men tend to take action straight

　　C.women tend to use a single part of the brain

　　D.men tend to use connected parts of the brain

　　解析:推理判斷題。根據文章第六段的第一句話可推斷當男士們被要求處理某事時,他就會立即行動。故選B項。

　　答案:B

　　8.Dr.Verma’s warning indicates that 　.?

　　A.women and men can hardly perform the same behavior

　　B.women and men can hardly cooperate well

　　C.women and men can hardly learn from each other

　　D.women and men can hardly complete multitasks

　　解析:推理判斷題。根據文章的最后一段可以判斷男士和女士幾乎不可能完成同一個行為。故選A項。

　　答案:A

　　9.What would be the best title for the passage?

　　A.Costly Shopping Or Economical Shopping

　　B.“Reason” Brain Or “Creative” Brain

　　C.Multi-tasking Or Single-tasking

　　D.Reason or Sensitivity

　　解析:主旨大意題。通讀全文,并根據文章的開頭男士和女士的購物行為引出文章的主題,即多項任務和單項任務的完成情況,由此引發爭論。故選C項。

　　答案:C

　　C

　　(2024北京東城一模)

　　“Shark on the bait(誘餌)!” shouted Andre Harman,pointing to a spot a few yards behind the outboard motors.His voice gave no indication of panic,but the crew suddenly became tense and fixed their eyes on the water.Slowly,smoothly,Andre drew in the bait.The shark followed.No one asked what kind of shark it was.Everything about it,from its color to its shape,tells that it was a great white shark.

　　Andre lifted the bait aboard.Placing himself between the two motors,he dropped his right hand into the water just as the great head reached the first motor.“My goodness Andre!” I said.His hand seized the big nose,moving it away from the tube of the motor,guiding the shark’s head up as it rose out of the water.Andre’s hand held the nose,touching it gently.No one spoke.No one breathed.The moment seemed endless.In fact,it lasted less than five seconds before Andre pulled his hand back.

　　Still nobody spoke.Then Andre smiled and said:“The first time was an accident.I was just trying to move the shark away from the motor.Sharks are attracted to motors by their electrical signals and have a habit of biting them to see if they are eatable.” Andre has worked with great white sharks for years.“My hand landed on its nose,and it sort of paused,so I kept it there,and when I did let go,the shark bit and bit as if it was searching for whatever it was that had attracted it.”

　　Nearly every encounter(遭遇)we had had with the great whites had been totally illogical.The more we learned,the more we realized how little we had known about them in the past years.Back then,it was generally accepted that great whites ate people by choice.Now we know that almost every attack on a human is an accident in which the shark mistakes a human for its normal food.Back then,we thought that once a great white smelt blood,it would lead to death.Now we know that nearly three-quarters of bite victims survive,perhaps because the shark recognizes that it has made a mistake and doesn’t return for a second bite.

　　【語篇導讀】該文章通過Andre和鯊魚之間的故事告訴我們鯊魚其實也是有靈性、愛護人類的。愛護一切生靈是作者深情的呼喚。

　　10.The author said,“My goodness!Andre!” when 　.?

　　A.Andre was about to fall into the water

　　B.Andre was about to touch the shark

　　C.Andre was followed by the shark

　　D.Andre was bitten by the shark

　　解析:細節理解題。A項“Andre就要進入水中”;B項“Andre就要觸及鯊魚時”;C項“Andre被鯊魚緊跟著”;D項“Andre被鯊魚咬住時”。根據這句話前面的內容“Placing himself between the two motors,he dropped his right hand into the water just as the great head reached the first motor.”判斷選B項。

　　答案:B

　　11.What does the author think of the encounters with great whites?

　　A.Exciting. B.Educational.

　　C.Frightening. D.Reasonable.

　　解析:推理判斷題。exciting“令人興奮的”;educational“有教育意義的”;frightening“令人害怕的”;reasonable“合情合理的”。根據文章最后一段的“The more we learned,the more we realized how little we had known about them in the past years.”可知作者認為遭遇鯊魚是很有教育意義的。故選B項。

　　答案:B

　　12.Most bite victims survive in shark attacks because 　.?

　　A.they are taught how to fight off sharks

　　B.sharks discover they are no threats

　　C.they manage to swim to safety

　　D.sharks stop attacking them

　　解析:細節理解題。根據文章的最后一句話“Now we know that nearly three-quarters of bite victims survive,perhaps because the shark recognizes that it has made a mistake and doesn’t return for a second bite.”判斷是鯊魚停止了攻擊他們才讓他們存活下來的。故選D項。

　　答案:D

　　專題四 社會文化類

　　專項強化·訓練

　　A

　　(2024湖南懷化一模)

　　Sina Weibo,one of the country’s most popular micro-blogging sites,has launched a paid service.For a 10 yuan ($ 1.57) monthly fee,users get a membership on their Sina Weibo accounts.

　　According to Xu Yuanyuan,a member of the marketing team at Sina,the move is to guarantee a more convenient and safer environment for users.But despite the company’s efforts to increase income,it seems that most of its 300 million users still prefer the free version.

　　The premium membership (高級會員) plans,announced by the company on Monday,brought about negative comments from its users.

　　“The current service is good enough for me,”said a Beijing-based micro-blogger.“I don’t really need those value-added services and it might be a waste of money.I might consider paying for it if some more features are added.”

　　Dong Xu,an analyst with consulting firm Analyses International,said that Sina shouldn’t expect a great increase in income brought by the new services.The free services are enough for most users,Dong said.“The company has been making attempts at different profit models since last year.A potential source of income could be gaming.Games and advertisements are so far the two biggest sources of income,” she said.

　　Other micro-blogging service providers have not yet followed suit.Fang Gang,vice-president of rival Sohu,said via e-mail on Tuesday that Sohu’s micro-blogging service will never charge users.“It’s good news for us.Users can come to our website if they have to pay for services (at Sina),”Fang said.

　　【語篇導讀】新浪微博——當前全國的主流網站之一,今日推出一項收費計劃。每月只需十元就能獲得更好的服務。雖然公司管理人員覺得很有必要,但絕大部分網友并不買賬。

　　1.Most of Sina Weibo’s users　.?

　　A.aren’t satisfied with its free version

　　B.show no interest in its paid services

　　C.are looking forward to new services

　　D.think highly of its new paid version

　　解析:推理判斷題。根據第三段“The premium membership (高級會員) plans,...brought about negative comments from its users.”可知,收費計劃帶來了負面評價。選B項。

　　答案:B

　　2.What’s Dong Xu’s attitude towards Sina Weibo’s new services increasing income?

　　A.Negative.　B.Confident.

　　C.Indifferent. D.Positive.

　　解析:推理判斷題。根據Dong Xu 的話“...said that Sina shouldn’t expect a great increase in income brought by the new services.”可推測出她是持否定態度的。

　　答案:A

　　3.Why did Fang Gang consider Sina Weibo’s charging its users good news?

　　A.Because Sina will make more money.

　　B.Because Sina will lose the whole Weibo market.

　　C.Because Sohu will attract more users.

　　D.Because Sohu will offer free services.

　　解析:推理判斷題。最后一段中的句子“Users can come to our website if they have to pay for services (at Sina),”可知他認為新浪微博如果收費的話,對于搜狐而言是好事,因為客戶可以選擇免費的搜狐微博。選C項。

　　答案:C

　　4.What can be inferred from the text?

　　A.Most of Weibo websites will charge their users.

　　B.Sina Weibo’s new move will be a great success.

　　C.Sina Weibo’s users will enjoy more services.

　　D.A large number of Weibo users like playing games.

　　解析:推理判斷題。從倒數第二段中的句子 “Games and advertisements are so far the two biggest sources of income”可知游戲是網站的主要收入之一,推測愛玩游戲的網民很多。

　　答案:D

　　5.What can be the best title for the text?

　　A.Sina Weibo Faces Great Challenges

　　B.Sina Weibo Launches Paid Services

　　C.Sina Weibo Expects Income Increase

　　D.Sina Weibo Becomes More Convenient

　　答案:B

　　解析:主旨大意題。文章圍繞新浪微博收費展開,所以B項最符合題意。

　　B

　　(2024安徽“江淮十校”四月聯考)

　　A man enters a store to buy milk.He walks out of the store with milk.That is all—milk.At the same time,a woman enters the same grocery store also to buy milk.She buys it.But,she also buys chicken and lemons to make dinner that night.Then she remembers to buy food for her son to eat at school.She also gets a bottle of wine for drinks with friends and a birthday card for her husband’s niece.Then she gets coffee for breakfast,ice cream for dessert and remembers stamps to mail the bills.And don’t forget soap for the bathroom.

　　And that is the difference between the female and male brains simply explained in a grocery store.Generally speaking,men do one thing at a time.Women do many.Doing many things at one time is often called “multi-tasking”,a very popular word these days.

　　Now scientific research supports this theory about male and female brains.A recent study has confirmed what we have known all along—men and women think differently.

　　Scientist at the University of Pennsylvania studied brain images of 949 people aged from 8 to 22 years old.They found that male brains have more connections on one side of the brain,or hemisphere.In female brain,they found more activity and connections between the right and left sides of the brain.The left side of the brain is known as the side of “reason”.The right hemisphere is known as the “creative” side.

　　Regina Verma is a professor at the University of Pennsylvania.She co-wrote the report.She says when women are asked to do something difficult they might use different parts of the brain.Men,she adds,generally use just one side of the brain.

　　As a result,men generally deal directly with a problem.There is a strong connection between the “understanding” and the “action” parts of their brains.Women,however,might include other parts of the brain,like the part connected with reason and the part connected with sensitivity when solving a problem.Women take a less direct path to find a solution.

　　Dr.Venma warns that the study should not lead anyone to expect some behaviors from women and others from men.

　　【語篇導讀】文章通過女士和男士的購物來說明男女之間處理問題的方式的不同。

　　6.By describing the scene of shopping,the writer wants to 　.?

　　A.reveal men and women’s preference of living expense

　　B.illustrate men and women’s different brains

　　C.criticize men’s simple lifestyle

　　D.think highly of women’s considerate behavior

　　解析:推理判斷題。A項“展示男、女之間生活費用的不同偏愛”;B項“說明男、女之間不同的大腦”;C項“批評男士簡單的生活方式”;D項“高度贊揚女士的體貼行為”。根據文章第二段的第一句話判斷選B項。

　　答案:B

　　7.When asked to deal with a problem,　.?

　　A.women tend to take action straight

　　B.men tend to take action straight

　　C.women tend to use a single part of the brain

　　D.men tend to use connected parts of the brain

　　解析:推理判斷題。根據文章第六段的第一句話可推斷當男士們被要求處理某事時,他就會立即行動。故選B項。

　　答案:B

　　8.Dr.Verma’s warning indicates that 　.?

　　A.women and men can hardly perform the same behavior

　　B.women and men can hardly cooperate well

　　C.women and men can hardly learn from each other

　　D.women and men can hardly complete multitasks

　　解析:推理判斷題。根據文章的最后一段可以判斷男士和女士幾乎不可能完成同一個行為。故選A項。

　　答案:A

　　9.What would be the best title for the passage?

　　A.Costly Shopping Or Economical Shopping

　　B.“Reason” Brain Or “Creative” Brain

　　C.Multi-tasking Or Single-tasking

　　D.Reason or Sensitivity

　　解析:主旨大意題。通讀全文,并根據文章的開頭男士和女士的購物行為引出文章的主題,即多項任務和單項任務的完成情況,由此引發爭論。故選C項。

　　答案:C

　　C

　　(2024北京東城一模)

　　“Shark on the bait(誘餌)!” shouted Andre Harman,pointing to a spot a few yards behind the outboard motors.His voice gave no indication of panic,but the crew suddenly became tense and fixed their eyes on the water.Slowly,smoothly,Andre drew in the bait.The shark followed.No one asked what kind of shark it was.Everything about it,from its color to its shape,tells that it was a great white shark.

　　Andre lifted the bait aboard.Placing himself between the two motors,he dropped his right hand into the water just as the great head reached the first motor.“My goodness Andre!” I said.His hand seized the big nose,moving it away from the tube of the motor,guiding the shark’s head up as it rose out of the water.Andre’s hand held the nose,touching it gently.No one spoke.No one breathed.The moment seemed endless.In fact,it lasted less than five seconds before Andre pulled his hand back.

　　Still nobody spoke.Then Andre smiled and said:“The first time was an accident.I was just trying to move the shark away from the motor.Sharks are attracted to motors by their electrical signals and have a habit of biting them to see if they are eatable.” Andre has worked with great white sharks for years.“My hand landed on its nose,and it sort of paused,so I kept it there,and when I did let go,the shark bit and bit as if it was searching for whatever it was that had attracted it.”

　　Nearly every encounter(遭遇)we had had with the great whites had been totally illogical.The more we learned,the more we realized how little we had known about them in the past years.Back then,it was generally accepted that great whites ate people by choice.Now we know that almost every attack on a human is an accident in which the shark mistakes a human for its normal food.Back then,we thought that once a great white smelt blood,it would lead to death.Now we know that nearly three-quarters of bite victims survive,perhaps because the shark recognizes that it has made a mistake and doesn’t return for a second bite.

　　【語篇導讀】該文章通過Andre和鯊魚之間的故事告訴我們鯊魚其實也是有靈性、愛護人類的。愛護一切生靈是作者深情的呼喚。

　　10.The author said,“My goodness!Andre!” when 　.?

　　A.Andre was about to fall into the water

　　B.Andre was about to touch the shark

　　C.Andre was followed by the shark

　　D.Andre was bitten by the shark

　　解析:細節理解題。A項“Andre就要進入水中”;B項“Andre就要觸及鯊魚時”;C項“Andre被鯊魚緊跟著”;D項“Andre被鯊魚咬住時”。根據這句話前面的內容“Placing himself between the two motors,he dropped his right hand into the water just as the great head reached the first motor.”判斷選B項。

　　答案:B

　　11.What does the author think of the encounters with great whites?

　　A.Exciting. B.Educational.

　　C.Frightening. D.Reasonable.

　　解析:推理判斷題。exciting“令人興奮的”;educational“有教育意義的”;frightening“令人害怕的”;reasonable“合情合理的”。根據文章最后一段的“The more we learned,the more we realized how little we had known about them in the past years.”可知作者認為遭遇鯊魚是很有教育意義的。故選B項。

　　答案:B

　　12.Most bite victims survive in shark attacks because 　.?

　　A.they are taught how to fight off sharks

　　B.sharks discover they are no threats

　　C.they manage to swim to safety

　　D.sharks stop attacking them

　　解析:細節理解題。根據文章的最后一句話“Now we know that nearly three-quarters of bite victims survive,perhaps because the shark recognizes that it has made a mistake and doesn’t return for a second bite.”判斷是鯊魚停止了攻擊他們才讓他們存活下來的。故選D項。

　　答案:D