話題詞匯

　　1.absorb v.吸引；使全神貫注

　　2.accumulate v.積累；積聚

　　3.consult v.咨詢；商量

　　4.correction n.改正

　　5.dictation n.聽寫

　　6.fluent adj.流利的；流暢的

　　7.grasp v.抓住；掌握

　　8.bear sth.in mind記住(某事)

　　9.enlarge one’s vocabulary 擴大詞匯量

　　10.have difficulty/trouble in doing sth.在某事方面有困難

　　經典語篇 (2024·四川)

　　假如你是李夏。你看到美國留學生Sharon在網上發帖，希望有人能幫助她提高普通話(Mandarin)水平，她可以教英語作為回報。請根據以下提示用英語給她寫一封電子郵件。

　　1.表達給她提供幫助的意愿；

　　2.說明你能勝任輔導的理由；

　　3.給出講好普通話的兩點建議；

　　4.提出你學習英語的具體需求。

　　注意：

　　1.詞數120左右，開頭語已為你寫好；

　　2.可以適當增加細節，以使行文連貫；

　　3.文中不得透漏個人姓名和學校名稱。

　　Hi，Sharon，

　　This is Li Xia.I learned from your post that you want to improve your Mandarin.

　　Li Xia

　　佳作欣賞

　　Hi，Sharon，

　　This is Li Xia.I learned from your post that you want to improve your Mandarin.I am quite interested in it.I think I’m fit for it.As a student，I have been learning Mandarin for many years.In addition，I am Chinese，which means Mandarin is a must for me to communicate with others in my daily life.① So I’m quite confident that I can help you learn Mandarin.

　　Learning Mandarin takes time②， so if you want to learn it well，you should spend much time practicing Mandarin every day.As the saying goes，practice makes perfect.Besides，you can also read some books in Chinese，see some Chinese films and listen to some Chinese radio programmes.Speaking and listening are very important for language learning，by which you are sure to make great progress.③

　　In your post，you say you can teach English as a reward.It is just what I want.I’m eager to improve my English.So，if you allow me to help you learn Mandarin，you can also help me improve my English.We can contact each other by video chat every night for half an hour in English and half an hour in Chinese，so that we can improve our oral speaking.④

　　Hope for your early reply!

　　Li Xia

　　思維發散

　　1.將第①句改為并列句

　　In addition，I am Chinese，and this means Mandarin is a must for me to communicate with others in my daily life.

　　2.仿照第②句用“動名詞短語作主語”完成句子

　　挑選衣服真的是一件難事，因為你喜歡的衣服并不總是適合你。

　　Choosing clothes is really a difficult job，because the clothes you like are not always suitable for you.

　　3.仿照第③句用“介詞＋關系代詞”翻譯句子

　　他寫了許多兒童讀物，幾乎有一半是在二十世紀九十年代出版的。(2024·重慶)

　　He wrote many children’s books，nearly half of which were published in the 1990s.

　　4.將第④句改為簡單句

　　We can contact each other by video chat every night for half an hour in English and half an hour in Chinese so as to/in order to improve our oral speaking.

　　Ⅰ.重點單詞

　　A.寫作單詞

　　1.deed (n.)行為，行動

　　2.eyesight (n.)視力

　　3.aside (adv.)除……之外

　　4.defeat (vt.)擊敗，戰勝

　　5.appearance

　　(n.)外觀，外貌

　　6.nowadays

　　(adv.)現在，如今

　　7.thus

　　(adv.)以此方式，如此；因此，從而

　　8.official

　　(adj.)官方的，正式的

　　9.character

　　(n.)(書寫或印刷)文字，符號；人物；性格

　　10.replace

　　(vt.)替換，代替，取代

　　replacement

　　(n.)代替，更換

　　11.practical

　　(adj.)切實可行的，實用的

　　practise

　　(v.)練習，實踐

　　12.indicate (vt.)顯示，表示；象征，暗示

　　indication

　　(n.)顯示；表明

　　13.combine

　　(vt.& vi.)組合；(使)聯合

　　combination

　　(n.)聯合；結合

　　14.pure

　　(adj.)純的，純凈的

　　purify

　　(vt.)凈化

　　purity

　　(n.)純潔，純凈

　　15.mistaken

　　(adj.)錯誤的；誤解的

　　mistake

　　(n.)錯誤；(vt.)弄錯；誤解

　　16.interrupt

　　(vi.& vt.)插嘴，打斷，暫停

　　interruption (n.)打斷，中斷

　　17.conclusion (n.)結論；推論

　　conclude

　　(vi.& vt.)(使)結束；下結論；推斷

　　18.differ

　　(vi.)相異，有區別

　　different

　　(adj.)不同的

　　difference (n.)不同(之處)

　　19.custom (n.)風俗，習俗

　　customer (n.)顧客；消費者

　　customs (n.)海關；關稅

　　20.mixture (n.)混合，混合體

　　mix (v.)混合；調配

　　mixed (adj.)混合的，混雜的

　　B.閱讀單詞

　　21.unique (adj.)獨特的

　　22.process (n.)過程；進程

　　23.accent (n.)口音，腔調；著重點

　　24.distinguish (vt.)區分，辨別；使具有某種特征

　　25.occupy (vt.)占領；占用(時間、空間等)

　　occupation (n.)占領；占用；工作，職業

　　26.distinction (n.)區別，差別；優秀；辨別

　　distinct (adj.)不同的；清晰的；明顯的

　　27.press (vt.)(被)壓，擠，推，施加壓力；(n.)報刊；資訊界；出版社

　　pressure (n.)壓力；擠壓

　　28.convenient (adj.)方便的，便利的

　　convenience (n.)方便，便利；便利的設施或用具

　　inconvenient (adj.)不方便的

　　29.represent (vt.)代表；展示，描繪

　　representative (n.)代表

　　Ⅱ.重點短語

　　1.lead to導致

　　2.stand for代表，象征

　　3.aside from 除……之外

　　4.name after以……命名

　　5.consist of/be made up of由……組成(構成)

　　6.as a whole作為整體，總體上

　　7.differ from和……不同，不同于

　　8.take control of控制，取得對……的控制

　　Ⅲ.經典句式

　　1.That is why English has so many difficult rules that confuse people.

　　那是英語有這么多難的令人困惑不解的規則的原因。

　　2.After the Norman Conquest，high-class people spoke French while common people spoke English.

　　諾曼征服之后，上層階級的人說法語，而普通人說英語。

　　3.The question of whether English will keep on changing in the future is easy to answer.

　　將來英語是否會繼續改變這一問題是很容易回答的。

　　4....but the question is what I should do if I cannot guess the meanings.

　　……但問題是要是我依然不理解我將怎么做。

　　5.Not all characters were developed from drawings of objects.

　　并不是所有的漢字都是從物體的圖畫演變而來。

　　6.While the students found the soldier’s idea interesting，the system was too difficult to be of practical use.

　　雖然學生們覺得士兵的想法有趣，但這一方法太過復雜，并不實用。

　　1

　　[應試指導]　be occupied (in) doing sth.

　　?1?occupy oneself with sth./in doing sth.忙于做某事

　　be occupied ?in? doing sth.忙于做某事

　　be occupied with sth.從事?忙于?做某事

　　?2?occupation n.工作；職業；占據；消遣

　　(1)I saw three camp beds，two of which were occupied.

　　我看見了3張折疊床，其中兩張已有人占了。

　　(2)Having retired from business，he now occupies himself with the welfare of the disabled.

　　從公司退休之后，他現在忙于殘疾人的福利。

　　多維訓練

　　(1)用occupy的適當形式填空

　　①I have been occupied in reading history books.

　　②I suppose I was looking for an occupation which was going to be an adventure.

　　(2)一句多譯

　　他忙于翻譯一本英語小說。

　　①He was occupied in translating an English novel.(be occupied in)

　　②He occupied himself in translating an English novel.(occupy oneself in)

　　③He was occupied with the translation of an English novel.(be occupied with)

　　(3)

　　herself with routine office tasks，she had no time to look after her children.

　　A.Occupying

　　B.Occupied

　　C.Being occupied

　　D.To be occupied

　　答案　A

　　解析　句意為：由于忙碌于日常辦公任務，她沒有時間照顧孩子。本題中occupying herself with...是動詞-ing短語作原因狀語。

　　2

　　[應試指導]　consist of不用于被動語態和進行時態

　　[多詞一義]　consist of，be composed of，be made up of

　　?1?consist of?＝be made up of＝be composed of?由……組成

　　consist with與……一致

　　consist in?＝lie in?在于……；存在于……

　　?2?consistent adj.一致的；一貫的；連續的

　　be consistent with與……一致的；符合的

　　(1)Unlike most of the Netherlands，Hilversum is actually in a hilly area with the soil mostly consisting of sand.(2024·湖北)

　　不像荷蘭大部分地方，希爾弗瑟姆實際處于多山地區，土壤多由沙子組成。

　　(2)Good service consists in punctuality and dependability.

　　良好的服務在于守時與可靠。

　　多維訓練

　　(1)用適當的介詞填空

　　①The true wealth does not consist in what we have，but in what we are.

　　②What he has said doesn’t consist with what he has done.

　　③The atmosphere consists of more than 70% of nitrogen.

　　④New goals are not always consistent with the existing policies.

　　(2)同義詞語替換

　　This club consists of eight members.is made up of/is composed of

　　(3)Coal

　　mostly

　　carbon is the main energy today.

　　A.consist；of

　　B.consisting；of

　　C.consists；of

　　D.consisted；of

　　答案　B

　　解析　考查非謂語動詞。句中的consist of作后置定語，consist沒有被動。故答案為B。

　　3

　　[多詞一義]　contribute to，result in，be responsible for，bring about，lead to

　　?1?make a contribution/contributions to對……作出貢獻

　　?2?contribute vt.捐助；投稿；vi.投稿；貢獻

　　contribute...to...把……貢獻給……；向……投稿

　　contribute to有助于；導致；把時間投入到……

　　(1)Would you like to make a contribution to the hospital building fund?

　　你愿意為醫院建設基金捐款嗎？

　　(2)The volunteers contribute their own time to the project.

　　志愿者把自己的時間花在了這個計劃上。

　　(3)Some riders of e-bikes and bicycles come and go in all directions, ignoring traffic lights and other vehicles.Such rude riding contributes to the disorder of traffic.(2024·江蘇)

　　一些電瓶車和自行車向各個方向橫沖直撞，完全無視交通燈和其他車輛。這種粗魯的騎車方式導致了交通混亂。

　　[圖解助記]

　　多維訓練

　　(1)用適當的介詞或所給詞的適當形式填空

　　①The editor said he had no time to look through the essays contributed(contribute) recently.

　　②Thanks for the contributions you have made(make) in the past ten years.

　　③She contributed a lot of good ideas to the discussion.

　　(2)同義句改寫

　　Various factors contributed to his downfall.

　　Various factors resulted in/led to/was responsible for/caused his downfall.

　　(3)Our appetite for new products also

　　to the problem.We are addicted to buying new things.

　　A.adapts

　　B.returns

　　C.responds

　　D.contributes

　　答案　D

　　解析　考查固定短語搭配。句意為：我們的新產品需求也導致一些問題。我們對購買新東西上癮。adapt to適應，改編；return to返回，回復；respond to對……做出反應；contribute to有助于，導致。由句意知選D。

　　(4)President Xi Jinping presents commemorative medals to veterans (老兵) for their

　　China’s victory against Japanese aggression.

　　A.authority over

　　B.prescription with

　　C.attendance at

　　D.contribution to

　　答案　D

　　解析　考查名詞短語辨析。句意為：因為他們對中國抗日戰爭勝利的貢獻，國家主席習近平向老兵們頒發了紀念章。authority over對……的控制；prescription with……的處方；attendance at在……的出席；contribution to對……的貢獻。根據句意可知選D。

　　4

　　[多詞一義]　replace，take the place of，substitute...with/for

　　?1?replace...with...用……替換……

　　?2?in place of代替?介詞短語?

　　take one’s place代替；就座

　　take the place of代替?動詞短語，可作謂語?

　　(1)My daughter replaced the cup carefully in the saucer.

　　我女兒小心翼翼地把杯子放回茶碟。

　　(2)Can anything replace a mother’s love?

　　有什么東西能代替母愛嗎？

　　(3)I’m going to replace my old car with a new one.

　　我打算買輛新車來取代那輛舊車。

　　[詞義辨析]　replace，substitute

　　(1)這兩個詞的含義略有不同，replace強調“替換，更換”，即把舊的或壞的東西更換成新的(通常用take the place of更通俗些)；而substitute強調“代替，頂替”。

　　(2)在句型結構上，通常是：replace A with/by B“用B替換A”(使用B)；substitute A for B“用A代替B”(使用A)。