-*- Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ 6.(2024·山西四校聯(lián)考改編)So she developed her love of reading(read). 7.(2024·四川宜賓一診改編)Buried(bury) in heavy schoolwork,most senior three students have no free time to do what they want. 8.(2024·廣州調(diào)研改編)The officer,after recovering(recover) from the shock,began yelling at Sam. 9.(2024·安徽黃山第二次質(zhì)檢改編)To compete(compete) more effectively with others,more and more people equip themselves with higher education.? 10.(2024·吉林省實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)第四次模擬改編)Asked(ask) why he studied the language,Mr.Zuckerberg said his wife Priscilla Chan’s family members speak Chinese.

　　解析 解析 關(guān)閉 關(guān)閉 示:“承襲6.reading　介詞后面應(yīng)跟動(dòng)詞的-ing形式做賓語(yǔ),故填reading。 7.Buried　句意:埋頭于大量的作業(yè),大部分高三的學(xué)生沒(méi)有自由時(shí)間做自己想做的事情。根據(jù)詞組bury oneself in“埋頭于”,題干中的主語(yǔ)應(yīng)是bury的動(dòng)作承受者,故填Buried。 8.recovering　句意:當(dāng)從震驚中恢復(fù)過(guò)來(lái),長(zhǎng)官開始對(duì)薩姆大聲喊叫。after是介詞,后面用動(dòng)詞的-ing形式做賓語(yǔ)。 9.To compete　句意:為了和其他人更有效地競(jìng)爭(zhēng),越來(lái)越多的人接受高等教育來(lái)武裝自己。題干中缺少目的狀語(yǔ),只有不定式可做目的狀語(yǔ)。 10.Asked　句意:當(dāng)被問(wèn)到為什么學(xué)習(xí)這種語(yǔ)言時(shí),Zuckerberg先生說(shuō)他妻子(Priscilla Chan)的家人說(shuō)漢語(yǔ)。此處為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞做狀語(yǔ),其邏輯主語(yǔ)Mr.Zuckerberg與ask之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用過(guò)去分詞形式。了宗法觀念和宗法傳統(tǒng)”表明在封建社會(huì)宗法制作為一種政治制度已不復(fù)存在,但其觀念影響深遠(yuǎn);“親貴合一和裙帶作風(fēng)”表明宗法制下王權(quán)與族權(quán)實(shí)現(xiàn)緊密結(jié)合,但也存在著利用親屬關(guān)系圖謀私利的腐敗行為 -*- Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ 11.(2024·甘肅部分普通高中聯(lián)考改編)Encouraged(encourage),the team conducted another experiment. 12.(2024·北京東城下學(xué)期綜合測(cè)試改編)—Good news!There’s a supermarket 　to be built　(build) in this area next month!? —Cool!It will be convenient for us when it’s open. 13.(2024·成都二診改編)Determined(determine) to make his fortune in South America,Mark Twain set off from his home for New Orleans in his teens. 14.(2024·安徽江南十校聯(lián)考改編)There he was,standing still where I had left him and opening his mouth as if to say(say) something.? 15.(2024·河南洛陽(yáng)12月統(tǒng)考改編)I can’t remember her face now but recalling(recall)the incident makes me happy.

　　解析 解析 關(guān)閉 11.Encouraged　此處為分詞做狀語(yǔ),主語(yǔ)team與encourage之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,故填Encouraged。 12.to be built　句意:——好消息!下個(gè)月在這個(gè)地區(qū)將要建一座超市。——爽!它開業(yè)后將方便我們大家。根據(jù)題干中的next month判斷該動(dòng)作在將來(lái)發(fā)生,supermarket是build的動(dòng)作承受者,應(yīng)用不定式的被動(dòng)式。 13.Determined　句意:馬克·吐溫決定在南美發(fā)財(cái),10多歲的時(shí)候就離開家鄉(xiāng)去新奧爾良了。be determined to do sth.“下定決心做某事”,此處應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞形式做狀語(yǔ)。 14.to say　句意:他一動(dòng)不動(dòng)地站在我離開他的地方,張開嘴好像要說(shuō)什么。狀語(yǔ)從句補(bǔ)充完整就是as if he was to say something。 15.recalling　句意:現(xiàn)在我不記得她的樣子,但回憶這件事會(huì)讓我感到快樂(lè)。句中but是連詞,連接并列句;后一分句中缺主語(yǔ),故填recalling。此處用動(dòng)詞的-ing形式做主語(yǔ)。 -*- Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ 16.(2024·吉林東北師大附中第三次摸底改編)I knew she needed my help,and her smile was enough to make(make) my day. 17.(2024·重慶巴蜀中學(xué)模擬改編)People tend to love agricultural products grown(grow) without the use of fertilizers,pesticides or chemical additives. 18.(2024·江西改編)When it comes to speaking(speak) in public,no one can match him. 19.(2024·浙江改編)Amie Salmon,disabled,is attended throughout her school days by a nurse appointed(appoint) to guard her. 20.(2024·山東改編)There’s a note pinned to the door saying(say) when the shop will open again.

　　解析 解析 關(guān)閉 16.to make　enough to do sth.固定短語(yǔ),表示“足夠做某事”。 17.grown　句意:人們趨向喜歡不使用肥料滅蟲劑和化學(xué)添加劑的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品。grow為及物動(dòng)詞,products為動(dòng)作承受者,用過(guò)去分詞做定語(yǔ)。 18.speaking　句意:當(dāng)談到在公共場(chǎng)合演講時(shí),沒(méi)有人能比得上他。when it comes to“當(dāng)談到……”,其中to為介詞,其后接名詞或動(dòng)詞-ing形式。 19.appointed　appoint“任命,指派”,與nurse之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以用appointed做其后置定語(yǔ)。句意:埃米·塞爾蒙是一名殘疾人,在其整個(gè)上學(xué)期間,由一名指派的護(hù)士專門看護(hù)她。 20.saying　分析句子可知,此處要用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞修飾前面的名詞a note,且note與say之間為邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系,故要用動(dòng)詞-ing形式的一般式做后置定語(yǔ)。句意:在門上釘著一張字條,上面說(shuō)商店何時(shí)將會(huì)再次開張。 -*- Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ 21.(2024·山東改編)It’s standard practice for a company like this one to employ(employ) a security officer.? 22.(2024·陜西改編)It’s quite hot today.Do you feel like going(go) for a swim? 23.(2024·湖南改編)Children,when accompanied(accompany) by their parents,are allowed to enter the stadium. 24.(2024·湖南改編)Understanding(understand) your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions.

　　解析 解析 關(guān)閉 21.to employ　此處為it做形式主語(yǔ),動(dòng)詞不定式做真正的主語(yǔ)。故要用to employ。句意:對(duì)于像這樣的一家公司來(lái)說(shuō),雇用保安是一種慣例。 22.going　feel like doing sth.表示“想要做某事”,故用動(dòng)詞-ing形式。 23.accompanied　句意:孩子們有父母陪伴時(shí),被允許進(jìn)入這個(gè)體育場(chǎng)。children與accompany之間存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以用動(dòng)詞-ed形式。 24.Understanding　句意:理解你自己的需求和交流方式與學(xué)會(huì)表達(dá)你的喜愛和情感一樣重要。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,句子缺少的是主語(yǔ),且understand與句子的邏輯主語(yǔ)之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系,因此用動(dòng)詞-ing形式做主語(yǔ)。 -*- Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ 25.(2024·四川改編)The manager was satisfied to see many new products 　developed　(develop) after great effort.? 26.(2024·天津改編)Anxiously,she took the dress out of the package and tried it on,only to find(find) it didn’t fit.? 27.(2024·安徽改編)While waiting for the opportunity to get promoted(promote),Henry did his best to perform his duty.

　　解析 解析 關(guān)閉 25.developed　句意:看到經(jīng)過(guò)很大努力后很多新的產(chǎn)品被研發(fā)出來(lái),經(jīng)理感到滿意。develop與new products之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以用動(dòng)詞的-ed形式做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。 26.to find　句意:她急切地將裙子從包裝袋里拿了出來(lái),試穿了一下,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)不合身。“only+不定式”表示意想不到的結(jié)果。故填to find。 27.promoted　promote與Henry之間存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以應(yīng)用“get+done”結(jié)構(gòu),表示被動(dòng)含義,get promoted“被提拔,晉升”。句意:在等待機(jī)會(huì)得到提升的同時(shí),亨利盡他最大的努力履行自己的職責(zé)。故填promoted。 -*- Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅱ.完成句子 1.失敗了三次,他不想再試了。 Having failed three times,he didn’t want to try again.? 2.這位老人受到很好的照顧,過(guò)著幸福的生活。 Taken good care of,the old man is living a happy life.? 3.坐落在那邊的那棟房子建于2000年。 The house located over there was built in 2000.?

　　-*- Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ 4.這個(gè)問(wèn)題很值得思考。 This matter is well worth thinking about/considering.? 5.在兩位護(hù)士的幫助下,老人掙扎著站了起來(lái)。 Helped by two nurses,the old man struggled to his feet.? 6.因?yàn)闆](méi)有收到他的回信,我決定再給他寫一封信。 Not having heard from him,I decided to write again.? 7.從他的言語(yǔ)來(lái)看,這次考試他考得不錯(cuò)。 Judging by his words,he did well in his exam.?

　　-*- Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅲ.根據(jù)內(nèi)容和所給提示完成下面短文 Water problems in the future will become more serious.On the one hand,our 1.　increasing　(increase) population will greatly increase the city’s waste,mainly the 2.　polluted　(pollute) water;on the other hand,3.　increasing　(increase) demands for water will reduce the amount of water available for 4.　diluting　(dilute)(沖淡) waste.Rapidly developing industries will produce larger quantities of liquid(液體) waste,much of which contains chemicals that are harmful.?

　　-*- Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ 5.　To feed　(feed) our rapidly increasing amounts,agriculture will have to be developed greatly.This will produce ever increasing quantities of agricultural chemicals.From this,it is obvious that more steps must be 6.　taken　(take) immediately 7.　to solve　(solve) the pollution problem.? There are two ways in which the pollution levels can be 8.　reduced　(reduce).This is connected with the processing of treatment of the solid and liquid waste,to permit the reuse of the water or reduce pollution upon final treatment.?

　　-*- Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ The second way is 9.　to develop　(develop) an economic(經(jīng)濟(jì)的) use of all or a part of the waste.Farm manure(肥料) is 10.　spread　(spread) in fields.Liquid waste from plants that treat polluted water is used in some areas for irrigation.? Liquid waste from other processing plants may also be 11.used(use) as an extra source of water.Many industries,such as meat and poultry processing plants,are currently 12.changing(change) former waste products into makeable by-products.Other industries are exploring possible economic uses for their waste products.

　　核心考點(diǎn) 語(yǔ)法專題七　非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 -*- 考點(diǎn)一 考點(diǎn)二 考點(diǎn)三 考點(diǎn)四 考點(diǎn)五 考點(diǎn)六 考點(diǎn)七 考點(diǎn)八 -*- 考點(diǎn)一 考點(diǎn)二 考點(diǎn)三 考點(diǎn)四 考點(diǎn)五 考點(diǎn)六 考點(diǎn)七 考點(diǎn)八 (2024·福建)For those with family members far away,the personal computer and the phone are important in staying connected. 對(duì)那些同家庭成員相隔甚遠(yuǎn)的人來(lái)說(shuō),個(gè)人電腦和電話在保持聯(lián)系方面起著重要的作用。 (2024·北京)The film star wears sunglasses.Therefore,he can go shopping without being recognized. 這位影星戴著太陽(yáng)鏡。因此,他可以在購(gòu)物的時(shí)候不被別人認(rèn)出來(lái)。 -*- 考點(diǎn)一 考點(diǎn)二 考點(diǎn)三 考點(diǎn)四 考點(diǎn)五 考點(diǎn)六 考點(diǎn)七 考點(diǎn)八 考點(diǎn)二非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)　? 1.不定式、動(dòng)詞-ing形式的動(dòng)作若發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作之前,就用完成式,否則,用一般式。不定式、動(dòng)詞-ing形式與其邏輯主語(yǔ)之間若是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,就用主動(dòng)式,否則,用被動(dòng)式。要注意此處的完成式并不等同于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)相對(duì)于現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)完成,非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的完成式只強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的先后關(guān)系。 They worked day and night,sending supplies to the flood areas. 他們夜以繼日地工作,為洪災(zāi)地區(qū)發(fā)送物資。(雖然send動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成,但相對(duì)于work來(lái)說(shuō)卻是同時(shí)發(fā)生的,不是發(fā)生在它之前,因此不能用having sent) -*- 考點(diǎn)一 考點(diǎn)二 考點(diǎn)三 考點(diǎn)四 考點(diǎn)五 考點(diǎn)六 考點(diǎn)七 考點(diǎn)八 (2024·福建)Having spent the past year as an exchange student in Hong Kong,Linda appears more mature than those of her age. 作為交換生在香港待了一年,琳達(dá)看上去要比她的同齡人更成熟。(先在香港待過(guò)一年,然后才有看起來(lái)成熟的狀態(tài)) I’m sorry to have kept you waiting long. 對(duì)不起讓您久等了。(先等待,然后說(shuō)對(duì)不起) (2024·北京)There are still many problems to be solved before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.(問(wèn)題被解決) 在我們準(zhǔn)備好長(zhǎng)期待在月球上之前仍有許多問(wèn)題要去解決。 -*- 考點(diǎn)一 考點(diǎn)二 考點(diǎn)三 考點(diǎn)四 考點(diǎn)五 考點(diǎn)六 考點(diǎn)七 考點(diǎn)八 2.being done所表示的時(shí)間概念并非全是正在進(jìn)行。 Being exposed to the sun for so long will do harm to our skin. 暴露在陽(yáng)光下很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間對(duì)我們的皮膚有害。(只強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作是被動(dòng),并不表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行) 3.判斷語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)學(xué)會(huì)找非謂語(yǔ)的邏輯主語(yǔ):做定語(yǔ)時(shí),被修飾的詞是其邏輯主語(yǔ);做狀語(yǔ)時(shí),句子的主語(yǔ)是其邏輯主語(yǔ);做補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí),句子的賓語(yǔ)或主語(yǔ)是其邏輯主語(yǔ)。若是系動(dòng)詞則一定用主動(dòng)式,非謂語(yǔ)形式后面接賓語(yǔ)也多為主動(dòng)式。 The teacher came in,following our monitor. 老師進(jìn)來(lái)了,跟在我們班長(zhǎng)后面。 -*- 考點(diǎn)一 考點(diǎn)二 考點(diǎn)三 考點(diǎn)四 考點(diǎn)五 考點(diǎn)六 考點(diǎn)七 考點(diǎn)八 -*- 考點(diǎn)一 考點(diǎn)二 考點(diǎn)三 考點(diǎn)四 考點(diǎn)五 考點(diǎn)六 考點(diǎn)七 考點(diǎn)八 -*- 考點(diǎn)一 考點(diǎn)二 考點(diǎn)三 考點(diǎn)四 考點(diǎn)五 考點(diǎn)六 考點(diǎn)七 考點(diǎn)八 -*- 考點(diǎn)一 考點(diǎn)二 考點(diǎn)三 考點(diǎn)四 考點(diǎn)五 考點(diǎn)六 考點(diǎn)七 考點(diǎn)八 (2024·陜西)After receiving the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress,Anne Benedict went on to thank all the people who had helped in her career. 獲得奧斯卡最佳女配角獎(jiǎng)之后,安妮·本尼迪克特接下來(lái)感謝了所有在事業(yè)上幫助過(guò)她的人。 注意:動(dòng)詞不定式和動(dòng)詞-ing形式做主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)時(shí),可以用it做形式主語(yǔ)或者形式賓語(yǔ)。 It’s no use arguing with him. 與他爭(zhēng)吵沒(méi)有用。 I think it easy to have done so much in only one day. 我認(rèn)為僅在一天之內(nèi)就做了這么多很容易。 -*- 考點(diǎn)一 考點(diǎn)二 考點(diǎn)三 考點(diǎn)四 考點(diǎn)五 考點(diǎn)六 考點(diǎn)七 考點(diǎn)八 考點(diǎn)四非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞做狀語(yǔ)　? 1.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞及其短語(yǔ)做狀語(yǔ)時(shí),可以表示時(shí)間、原因、行為方式、伴隨情況等,其邏輯主語(yǔ)必須與句子的主語(yǔ)一致。如果非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與句子的主語(yǔ)之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,用doing表示與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作;having done表示do的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之前。如果非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與句子的主語(yǔ)之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,則用done,若強(qiáng)調(diào)這個(gè)被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作之前,則用having been done。 -*- 考點(diǎn)一 考點(diǎn)二 考點(diǎn)三 考點(diǎn)四 考點(diǎn)五 考點(diǎn)六 考點(diǎn)七 考點(diǎn)八 (2024·湖南)When the clerk saw a kind face wrinkled in an apologetic smile,she stood rooted to the ground,wondering whether to stay or leave. 當(dāng)這名職員看到一張和藹的、帶著歉意的笑紋的臉時(shí),她站在那里不動(dòng)了,不知道是該留下還是該離開。 The teachers stood there talking,surrounded by the students.(The teachers 和talk之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系,The teachers和surround之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系) Having been shown around the lab,the visitors went to the library.(be shown around “被帶領(lǐng)參觀”的動(dòng)作完成之后,才發(fā)生went這個(gè)動(dòng)作) -*- 考點(diǎn)一 考點(diǎn)二 考點(diǎn)三 考點(diǎn)四 考點(diǎn)五 考點(diǎn)六 考點(diǎn)七 考點(diǎn)八 (2024·天津)Clearly and thoughtfully written,the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers. 這本書寫得清晰有深度,它激發(fā)了那些想尋求屬于自己的答案的學(xué)生們的信心。 (不強(qiáng)調(diào)write的動(dòng)作先完成,只是強(qiáng)調(diào)the book和write之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,也就是說(shuō)這里的write只表被動(dòng),不表完成) 表示時(shí)間關(guān)系的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))可由連詞when/while引導(dǎo)。 While working,they listened to the songs. 工作的時(shí)候,他們聽著歌。 -*- 考點(diǎn)一 考點(diǎn)二 考點(diǎn)三 考點(diǎn)四 考點(diǎn)五 考點(diǎn)六 考點(diǎn)七 考點(diǎn)八 2.做目的狀語(yǔ)和結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)通常用不定式,動(dòng)詞-ing形式和動(dòng)詞-ed形式一般做時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、原因狀語(yǔ)、條件狀語(yǔ)和伴隨狀語(yǔ)。 不定式放句首做狀語(yǔ),只表目的;做結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)時(shí)表示出乎意料的、令人不愉快的結(jié)果。而動(dòng)詞-ing形式不能表示目的,做結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)時(shí)表示伴隨謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作的發(fā)生而產(chǎn)生的自然結(jié)果(同時(shí)發(fā)生),有時(shí)在前面加上thus,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與動(dòng)詞-ing形式是因果關(guān)系。 (2024·湖南)To free ourselves from the physical and mental tensions,we each need deep thought and inner quietness. 要想把我們自己從身心緊張的狀態(tài)下解脫出來(lái),我們每個(gè)人都需要沉思以及內(nèi)心的寧?kù)o。 -*- 考點(diǎn)一 考點(diǎn)二 考點(diǎn)三 考點(diǎn)四 考點(diǎn)五 考點(diǎn)六 考點(diǎn)七 考點(diǎn)八 2.做目的狀語(yǔ)和結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)通常用不定式,動(dòng)詞-ing形式和動(dòng)詞-ed形式一般做時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、原因狀語(yǔ)、條件狀語(yǔ)和伴隨狀語(yǔ)。 不定式放句首做狀語(yǔ),只表目的;做結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)時(shí)表示出乎意料的、令人不愉快的結(jié)果。而動(dòng)詞-ing形式不能表示目的,做結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)時(shí)表示伴隨謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作的發(fā)生而產(chǎn)生的自然結(jié)果(同時(shí)發(fā)生),有時(shí)在前面加上thus,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與動(dòng)詞-ing形式是因果關(guān)系。 (2024·湖南)To free ourselves from the physical and mental tensions,we each need deep thought and inner quietness. 要想把我們自己從身心緊張的狀態(tài)下解脫出來(lái),我們每個(gè)人都需要沉思以及內(nèi)心的寧?kù)o。 -*- 考點(diǎn)一 考點(diǎn)二 考點(diǎn)三 考點(diǎn)四 考點(diǎn)五 考點(diǎn)六 考點(diǎn)七 考點(diǎn)八 3.要注意非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)為句子的主語(yǔ)。因此要注意主語(yǔ)前后一致。 To improve English,his father bought him many books.(×)(improve的邏輯主語(yǔ)為he,而不是his father) Walking in the street,a car knocked the boy down.(×)(walk的邏輯主語(yǔ)為the boy,而不是a car) 4.不定式可以跟在表示“喜、怒、哀、樂(lè)”的形容詞后面做原因狀語(yǔ)或用于too...to do sth.,so...as to do sth.,enough...to do sth.等結(jié)構(gòu)中做結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。 I am happy to meet you here. 我很高興在這里遇到你。 The boy is old enough to go to school. 這個(gè)男孩足夠大,能上學(xué)了。 -*- 考點(diǎn)一 考點(diǎn)二 考點(diǎn)三 考點(diǎn)四 考點(diǎn)五 考點(diǎn)六 考點(diǎn)七 考點(diǎn)八 5.獨(dú)立成分做狀語(yǔ),其形式不受前后文的影響。如considering...(鑒于/考慮到……);generally speaking(一般來(lái)說(shuō));judging by/from...(從……來(lái)看,依據(jù)……來(lái)判斷);supposing that...(假如……);providing that...(假如……);owing to...(由于……);speaking of...(談及……);given...(考慮到……);provided that...(如果……);to tell the truth(實(shí)話實(shí)說(shuō));to be honest(老實(shí)說(shuō))等。 Generally speaking,it is hot in summer in this area. 一般來(lái)說(shuō),這個(gè)地區(qū)夏天很熱。 -*- 考點(diǎn)一 考點(diǎn)二 考點(diǎn)三 考點(diǎn)四 考點(diǎn)五 考點(diǎn)六 考點(diǎn)七 考點(diǎn)八 -*- 考點(diǎn)一 考點(diǎn)二 考點(diǎn)三 考點(diǎn)四 考點(diǎn)五 考點(diǎn)六 考點(diǎn)七 考點(diǎn)八 -*- 考點(diǎn)一 考點(diǎn)二 考點(diǎn)三 考點(diǎn)四 考點(diǎn)五 考點(diǎn)六 考點(diǎn)七 考點(diǎn)八 -*- 考點(diǎn)一 考點(diǎn)二 考點(diǎn)三 考點(diǎn)四 考點(diǎn)五 考點(diǎn)六 考點(diǎn)七 考點(diǎn)八 注意:find,leave(使……處于某種狀態(tài)),keep(使……保持某種狀態(tài))后一般跟動(dòng)詞-ing形式和動(dòng)詞-ed形式做補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),而不跟動(dòng)詞不定式。 What you said left me thinking. 你所說(shuō)的令我思考。 -*- 考點(diǎn)一 考點(diǎn)二 考點(diǎn)三 考點(diǎn)四 考點(diǎn)五 考點(diǎn)六 考點(diǎn)七 考點(diǎn)八 考點(diǎn)六非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞做定語(yǔ)　? 1.不定式做定語(yǔ) 不定式做定語(yǔ)可表示該動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生;被修飾的詞為ability,chance,idea,fact,promise,attempt,belief等抽象名詞時(shí)一般用不定式做定語(yǔ);不定式常用于不定代詞或被the first/next/only/last等修飾的名詞后做定語(yǔ);如果做定語(yǔ)的不定式與被修飾的名詞之間存在邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,在不及物動(dòng)詞后通常要加上適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~。 (2024·四川)The airport to be completed next year will help promote tourism in this area. 明年要竣工的飛機(jī)場(chǎng)將有助于促進(jìn)這個(gè)地區(qū)的旅游業(yè)。 -*- 考點(diǎn)一 考點(diǎn)二 考點(diǎn)三 考點(diǎn)四 考點(diǎn)五 考點(diǎn)六 考點(diǎn)七 考點(diǎn)八 He has a chance and has become the first to go abroad in our town. 他擁有一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)而且已經(jīng)成為我們鎮(zhèn)上第一個(gè)出國(guó)的人。 He wanted to find a house to live in. 他想找個(gè)房子居住。 2.動(dòng)詞-ing形式做定語(yǔ) 當(dāng)被修飾的名詞與非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系時(shí),用動(dòng)詞-ing形式;當(dāng)為被動(dòng)關(guān)系且表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行時(shí)用being done的形式;當(dāng)被修飾的名詞與非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系且動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成時(shí),要用having been done的形式,having been done不做定語(yǔ)。動(dòng)詞-ing形式做定語(yǔ)一般要求其動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生或在說(shuō)話時(shí)該動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行,否則就用定語(yǔ)從句。動(dòng)詞-ing形式做定語(yǔ)表示被修飾詞的用途時(shí),與被修飾詞之間不存在邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。 -*- 考點(diǎn)一 考點(diǎn)二 考點(diǎn)三 考點(diǎn)四 考點(diǎn)五 考點(diǎn)六 考點(diǎn)七 考點(diǎn)八 (2024·大綱全國(guó))Today there are more airplanes carrying more people than ever before in the skies. 與以前相比,如今天空中有更多的飛機(jī)來(lái)運(yùn)送更多的乘客。 The houses being built are for the students. 正在蓋的這些房子是給學(xué)生的。 A sleeping pill will help you to fall asleep quickly. 安眠藥會(huì)幫助你很快入睡。 3.動(dòng)詞-ed形式做定語(yǔ) 動(dòng)詞-ed形式做定語(yǔ)與被修飾詞之間存在邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,表示動(dòng)作已完成。及物動(dòng)詞-ed形式做定語(yǔ)表示被動(dòng)和完成,少數(shù)不及物動(dòng)詞-ed形式做定語(yǔ)只表示完成,不表被動(dòng)。 The retired worker is sweeping the fallen leaves on the road. 這位退休工人正在掃路上的落葉。 -*- 考點(diǎn)一 考點(diǎn)二 考點(diǎn)三 考點(diǎn)四 考點(diǎn)五 考點(diǎn)六 考點(diǎn)七 考點(diǎn)八 考點(diǎn)七獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)　? 獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)是英語(yǔ)中的一個(gè)特殊短語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu),它只有邏輯上的主語(yǔ)(名詞或代詞充當(dāng))和謂語(yǔ)(一般用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞、數(shù)詞、介詞短語(yǔ)來(lái)充當(dāng)),而沒(méi)有語(yǔ)法意義上的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ),主要用于書面語(yǔ)中,在口語(yǔ)中不常用,在句子中起狀語(yǔ)作用,相當(dāng)于一個(gè)狀語(yǔ)從句,表示時(shí)間、原因、方式、條件、伴隨情況等,用于修飾整個(gè)句子。“with+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”也是獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的一種形式。 -*- 考點(diǎn)一 考點(diǎn)二 考點(diǎn)三 考點(diǎn)四 考點(diǎn)五 考點(diǎn)六 考點(diǎn)七 考點(diǎn)八 (2024·江蘇)Much time spent sitting at a desk,office workers are generally troubled by health problems. 大部分時(shí)間都坐在桌前,辦公室員工普遍受到健康問(wèn)題的困擾。 (2024·山東濰坊聯(lián)考)The trees there are extremely tall,some measuring over 90 meters. 那里的樹非常高,有些高達(dá)90多米。 With nothing to do,they went out for a walk. 因無(wú)事可做,他們便出去散步了。 -*- 考點(diǎn)一 考點(diǎn)二 考點(diǎn)三 考點(diǎn)四 考點(diǎn)五 考點(diǎn)六 考點(diǎn)七 考點(diǎn)八 考點(diǎn)八不定式的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義　? 1.在“be+表示特征、性質(zhì)的形容詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)中,常用的形容詞有:easy,hard,difficult,important,impossible,interesting,pleasant,nice,comfortable,safe,dangerous,cheap,fit,heavy,happy,glad,sorry,lucky,surprised,angry,able,right,ready,clever,foolish,quick,slow,polite,wrong等。這類形容詞往往說(shuō)明產(chǎn)生這種特性或情緒的原因。要注意不定式中動(dòng)詞要用主動(dòng)式,且是及物動(dòng)詞或是“不及物動(dòng)詞+介詞”的形式。 He is easy to get along with. 他很容易相處。 -*- 考點(diǎn)一 考點(diǎn)二 考點(diǎn)三 考點(diǎn)四 考點(diǎn)五 考點(diǎn)六 考點(diǎn)七 考點(diǎn)八 2.不定式與疑問(wèn)詞連用時(shí)。 I don’t know what to do. 我不知道做什么。 3.某些動(dòng)詞(如blame/seek/let)的不定式與be動(dòng)詞連用時(shí)。 He is to blame for the accident. 他應(yīng)為此次事故負(fù)責(zé)任。 -*- Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅰ.用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1.(2024·課標(biāo)全國(guó)Ⅰ)A study of travelers conducted(conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. 2.(2024·課標(biāo)全國(guó)Ⅱ)When a new day breaks,the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough to cool(cool) the house during the hot day.? 3.(2024·重慶改編)Raised(raise) in the poorest area of Glasgow,he had a long,hard road to becoming a football star. 4.(2024·湖南改編)Video games can be a poor influence if left(leave) in the wrong hands. 5.(2024·河南洛陽(yáng)12月統(tǒng)考改編)In a single moment I felt the heaviness of the day transformed(transform) into lightness of a feather.

　　答案

　　答案 關(guān)閉 1.conducted　分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此處用過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)做后置定語(yǔ),修飾a study。 2.to cool　由空前的are now cold enough可知,此處用cool的不定式形式。 3.Raised　分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,所填部分在句中做狀語(yǔ),且raise與主語(yǔ)he之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,故應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞。句意:他在格拉斯哥最貧窮的地區(qū)被撫養(yǎng)長(zhǎng)大,成為足球明星的道路漫長(zhǎng)而艱辛。 4.left　分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,if引導(dǎo)的從句中沒(méi)有主語(yǔ),因此為省略結(jié)構(gòu),其邏輯主語(yǔ)為video games,video games和leave之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以用過(guò)去分詞,填left。句意:如果控制不當(dāng),電子游戲可能造成不良影響。 5.transformed　句意:……感到一天的勞累像羽毛一樣輕了。the heaviness of the day與transform之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故要用過(guò)去分詞做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。 核心考點(diǎn)

　　-*- Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ 6.(2024·山西四校聯(lián)考改編)So she developed her love of reading(read). 7.(2024·四川宜賓一診改編)Buried(bury) in heavy schoolwork,most senior three students have no free time to do what they want. 8.(2024·廣州調(diào)研改編)The officer,after recovering(recover) from the shock,began yelling at Sam. 9.(2024·安徽黃山第二次質(zhì)檢改編)To compete(compete) more effectively with others,more and more people equip themselves with higher education.? 10.(2024·吉林省實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)第四次模擬改編)Asked(ask) why he studied the language,Mr.Zuckerberg said his wife Priscilla Chan’s family members speak Chinese.

　　解析 解析 關(guān)閉 關(guān)閉 示:“承襲6.reading　介詞后面應(yīng)跟動(dòng)詞的-ing形式做賓語(yǔ),故填reading。 7.Buried　句意:埋頭于大量的作業(yè),大部分高三的學(xué)生沒(méi)有自由時(shí)間做自己想做的事情。根據(jù)詞組bury oneself in“埋頭于”,題干中的主語(yǔ)應(yīng)是bury的動(dòng)作承受者,故填Buried。 8.recovering　句意:當(dāng)從震驚中恢復(fù)過(guò)來(lái),長(zhǎng)官開始對(duì)薩姆大聲喊叫。after是介詞,后面用動(dòng)詞的-ing形式做賓語(yǔ)。 9.To compete　句意:為了和其他人更有效地競(jìng)爭(zhēng),越來(lái)越多的人接受高等教育來(lái)武裝自己。題干中缺少目的狀語(yǔ),只有不定式可做目的狀語(yǔ)。 10.Asked　句意:當(dāng)被問(wèn)到為什么學(xué)習(xí)這種語(yǔ)言時(shí),Zuckerberg先生說(shuō)他妻子(Priscilla Chan)的家人說(shuō)漢語(yǔ)。此處為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞做狀語(yǔ),其邏輯主語(yǔ)Mr.Zuckerberg與ask之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用過(guò)去分詞形式。了宗法觀念和宗法傳統(tǒng)”表明在封建社會(huì)宗法制作為一種政治制度已不復(fù)存在,但其觀念影響深遠(yuǎn);“親貴合一和裙帶作風(fēng)”表明宗法制下王權(quán)與族權(quán)實(shí)現(xiàn)緊密結(jié)合,但也存在著利用親屬關(guān)系圖謀私利的腐敗行為 -*- Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ 11.(2024·甘肅部分普通高中聯(lián)考改編)Encouraged(encourage),the team conducted another experiment. 12.(2024·北京東城下學(xué)期綜合測(cè)試改編)—Good news!There’s a supermarket 　to be built　(build) in this area next month!? —Cool!It will be convenient for us when it’s open. 13.(2024·成都二診改編)Determined(determine) to make his fortune in South America,Mark Twain set off from his home for New Orleans in his teens. 14.(2024·安徽江南十校聯(lián)考改編)There he was,standing still where I had left him and opening his mouth as if to say(say) something.? 15.(2024·河南洛陽(yáng)12月統(tǒng)考改編)I can’t remember her face now but recalling(recall)the incident makes me happy.

　　解析 解析 關(guān)閉 11.Encouraged　此處為分詞做狀語(yǔ),主語(yǔ)team與encourage之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,故填Encouraged。 12.to be built　句意:——好消息!下個(gè)月在這個(gè)地區(qū)將要建一座超市。——爽!它開業(yè)后將方便我們大家。根據(jù)題干中的next month判斷該動(dòng)作在將來(lái)發(fā)生,supermarket是build的動(dòng)作承受者,應(yīng)用不定式的被動(dòng)式。 13.Determined　句意:馬克·吐溫決定在南美發(fā)財(cái),10多歲的時(shí)候就離開家鄉(xiāng)去新奧爾良了。be determined to do sth.“下定決心做某事”,此處應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞形式做狀語(yǔ)。 14.to say　句意:他一動(dòng)不動(dòng)地站在我離開他的地方,張開嘴好像要說(shuō)什么。狀語(yǔ)從句補(bǔ)充完整就是as if he was to say something。 15.recalling　句意:現(xiàn)在我不記得她的樣子,但回憶這件事會(huì)讓我感到快樂(lè)。句中but是連詞,連接并列句;后一分句中缺主語(yǔ),故填recalling。此處用動(dòng)詞的-ing形式做主語(yǔ)。 -*- Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ 16.(2024·吉林東北師大附中第三次摸底改編)I knew she needed my help,and her smile was enough to make(make) my day. 17.(2024·重慶巴蜀中學(xué)模擬改編)People tend to love agricultural products grown(grow) without the use of fertilizers,pesticides or chemical additives. 18.(2024·江西改編)When it comes to speaking(speak) in public,no one can match him. 19.(2024·浙江改編)Amie Salmon,disabled,is attended throughout her school days by a nurse appointed(appoint) to guard her. 20.(2024·山東改編)There’s a note pinned to the door saying(say) when the shop will open again.

　　解析 解析 關(guān)閉 16.to make　enough to do sth.固定短語(yǔ),表示“足夠做某事”。 17.grown　句意:人們趨向喜歡不使用肥料滅蟲劑和化學(xué)添加劑的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品。grow為及物動(dòng)詞,products為動(dòng)作承受者,用過(guò)去分詞做定語(yǔ)。 18.speaking　句意:當(dāng)談到在公共場(chǎng)合演講時(shí),沒(méi)有人能比得上他。when it comes to“當(dāng)談到……”,其中to為介詞,其后接名詞或動(dòng)詞-ing形式。 19.appointed　appoint“任命,指派”,與nurse之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以用appointed做其后置定語(yǔ)。句意:埃米·塞爾蒙是一名殘疾人,在其整個(gè)上學(xué)期間,由一名指派的護(hù)士專門看護(hù)她。 20.saying　分析句子可知,此處要用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞修飾前面的名詞a note,且note與say之間為邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系,故要用動(dòng)詞-ing形式的一般式做后置定語(yǔ)。句意:在門上釘著一張字條,上面說(shuō)商店何時(shí)將會(huì)再次開張。 -*- Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ 21.(2024·山東改編)It’s standard practice for a company like this one to employ(employ) a security officer.? 22.(2024·陜西改編)It’s quite hot today.Do you feel like going(go) for a swim? 23.(2024·湖南改編)Children,when accompanied(accompany) by their parents,are allowed to enter the stadium. 24.(2024·湖南改編)Understanding(understand) your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions.

　　解析 解析 關(guān)閉 21.to employ　此處為it做形式主語(yǔ),動(dòng)詞不定式做真正的主語(yǔ)。故要用to employ。句意:對(duì)于像這樣的一家公司來(lái)說(shuō),雇用保安是一種慣例。 22.going　feel like doing sth.表示“想要做某事”,故用動(dòng)詞-ing形式。 23.accompanied　句意:孩子們有父母陪伴時(shí),被允許進(jìn)入這個(gè)體育場(chǎng)。children與accompany之間存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以用動(dòng)詞-ed形式。 24.Understanding　句意:理解你自己的需求和交流方式與學(xué)會(huì)表達(dá)你的喜愛和情感一樣重要。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,句子缺少的是主語(yǔ),且understand與句子的邏輯主語(yǔ)之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系,因此用動(dòng)詞-ing形式做主語(yǔ)。 -*- Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ 25.(2024·四川改編)The manager was satisfied to see many new products 　developed　(develop) after great effort.? 26.(2024·天津改編)Anxiously,she took the dress out of the package and tried it on,only to find(find) it didn’t fit.? 27.(2024·安徽改編)While waiting for the opportunity to get promoted(promote),Henry did his best to perform his duty.

　　解析 解析 關(guān)閉 25.developed　句意:看到經(jīng)過(guò)很大努力后很多新的產(chǎn)品被研發(fā)出來(lái),經(jīng)理感到滿意。develop與new products之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以用動(dòng)詞的-ed形式做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。 26.to find　句意:她急切地將裙子從包裝袋里拿了出來(lái),試穿了一下,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)不合身。“only+不定式”表示意想不到的結(jié)果。故填to find。 27.promoted　promote與Henry之間存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以應(yīng)用“get+done”結(jié)構(gòu),表示被動(dòng)含義,get promoted“被提拔,晉升”。句意:在等待機(jī)會(huì)得到提升的同時(shí),亨利盡他最大的努力履行自己的職責(zé)。故填promoted。 -*- Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅱ.完成句子 1.失敗了三次,他不想再試了。 Having failed three times,he didn’t want to try again.? 2.這位老人受到很好的照顧,過(guò)著幸福的生活。 Taken good care of,the old man is living a happy life.? 3.坐落在那邊的那棟房子建于2000年。 The house located over there was built in 2000.?

　　-*- Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ 4.這個(gè)問(wèn)題很值得思考。 This matter is well worth thinking about/considering.? 5.在兩位護(hù)士的幫助下,老人掙扎著站了起來(lái)。 Helped by two nurses,the old man struggled to his feet.? 6.因?yàn)闆](méi)有收到他的回信,我決定再給他寫一封信。 Not having heard from him,I decided to write again.? 7.從他的言語(yǔ)來(lái)看,這次考試他考得不錯(cuò)。 Judging by his words,he did well in his exam.?

　　-*- Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅲ.根據(jù)內(nèi)容和所給提示完成下面短文 Water problems in the future will become more serious.On the one hand,our 1.　increasing　(increase) population will greatly increase the city’s waste,mainly the 2.　polluted　(pollute) water;on the other hand,3.　increasing　(increase) demands for water will reduce the amount of water available for 4.　diluting　(dilute)(沖淡) waste.Rapidly developing industries will produce larger quantities of liquid(液體) waste,much of which contains chemicals that are harmful.?

　　-*- Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ 5.　To feed　(feed) our rapidly increasing amounts,agriculture will have to be developed greatly.This will produce ever increasing quantities of agricultural chemicals.From this,it is obvious that more steps must be 6.　taken　(take) immediately 7.　to solve　(solve) the pollution problem.? There are two ways in which the pollution levels can be 8.　reduced　(reduce).This is connected with the processing of treatment of the solid and liquid waste,to permit the reuse of the water or reduce pollution upon final treatment.?

　　-*- Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ The second way is 9.　to develop　(develop) an economic(經(jīng)濟(jì)的) use of all or a part of the waste.Farm manure(肥料) is 10.　spread　(spread) in fields.Liquid waste from plants that treat polluted water is used in some areas for irrigation.? Liquid waste from other processing plants may also be 11.used(use) as an extra source of water.Many industries,such as meat and poultry processing plants,are currently 12.changing(change) former waste products into makeable by-products.Other industries are exploring possible economic uses for their waste products.

　　核心考點(diǎn) 語(yǔ)法專題七　非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 -*- 考點(diǎn)一 考點(diǎn)二 考點(diǎn)三 考點(diǎn)四 考點(diǎn)五 考點(diǎn)六 考點(diǎn)七 考點(diǎn)八 -*- 考點(diǎn)一 考點(diǎn)二 考點(diǎn)三 考點(diǎn)四 考點(diǎn)五 考點(diǎn)六 考點(diǎn)七 考點(diǎn)八 (2024·福建)For those with family members far away,the personal computer and the phone are important in staying connected. 對(duì)那些同家庭成員相隔甚遠(yuǎn)的人來(lái)說(shuō),個(gè)人電腦和電話在保持聯(lián)系方面起著重要的作用。 (2024·北京)The film star wears sunglasses.Therefore,he can go shopping without being recognized. 這位影星戴著太陽(yáng)鏡。因此,他可以在購(gòu)物的時(shí)候不被別人認(rèn)出來(lái)。 -*- 考點(diǎn)一 考點(diǎn)二 考點(diǎn)三 考點(diǎn)四 考點(diǎn)五 考點(diǎn)六 考點(diǎn)七 考點(diǎn)八 考點(diǎn)二非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)　? 1.不定式、動(dòng)詞-ing形式的動(dòng)作若發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作之前,就用完成式,否則,用一般式。不定式、動(dòng)詞-ing形式與其邏輯主語(yǔ)之間若是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,就用主動(dòng)式,否則,用被動(dòng)式。要注意此處的完成式并不等同于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)相對(duì)于現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)完成,非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的完成式只強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的先后關(guān)系。 They worked day and night,sending supplies to the flood areas. 他們夜以繼日地工作,為洪災(zāi)地區(qū)發(fā)送物資。(雖然send動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成,但相對(duì)于work來(lái)說(shuō)卻是同時(shí)發(fā)生的,不是發(fā)生在它之前,因此不能用having sent) -*- 考點(diǎn)一 考點(diǎn)二 考點(diǎn)三 考點(diǎn)四 考點(diǎn)五 考點(diǎn)六 考點(diǎn)七 考點(diǎn)八 (2024·福建)Having spent the past year as an exchange student in Hong Kong,Linda appears more mature than those of her age. 作為交換生在香港待了一年,琳達(dá)看上去要比她的同齡人更成熟。(先在香港待過(guò)一年,然后才有看起來(lái)成熟的狀態(tài)) I’m sorry to have kept you waiting long. 對(duì)不起讓您久等了。(先等待,然后說(shuō)對(duì)不起) (2024·北京)There are still many problems to be solved before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.(問(wèn)題被解決) 在我們準(zhǔn)備好長(zhǎng)期待在月球上之前仍有許多問(wèn)題要去解決。 -*- 考點(diǎn)一 考點(diǎn)二 考點(diǎn)三 考點(diǎn)四 考點(diǎn)五 考點(diǎn)六 考點(diǎn)七 考點(diǎn)八 2.being done所表示的時(shí)間概念并非全是正在進(jìn)行。 Being exposed to the sun for so long will do harm to our skin. 暴露在陽(yáng)光下很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間對(duì)我們的皮膚有害。(只強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作是被動(dòng),并不表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行) 3.判斷語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)學(xué)會(huì)找非謂語(yǔ)的邏輯主語(yǔ):做定語(yǔ)時(shí),被修飾的詞是其邏輯主語(yǔ);做狀語(yǔ)時(shí),句子的主語(yǔ)是其邏輯主語(yǔ);做補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí),句子的賓語(yǔ)或主語(yǔ)是其邏輯主語(yǔ)。若是系動(dòng)詞則一定用主動(dòng)式,非謂語(yǔ)形式后面接賓語(yǔ)也多為主動(dòng)式。 The teacher came in,following our monitor. 老師進(jìn)來(lái)了,跟在我們班長(zhǎng)后面。 -*- 考點(diǎn)一 考點(diǎn)二 考點(diǎn)三 考點(diǎn)四 考點(diǎn)五 考點(diǎn)六 考點(diǎn)七 考點(diǎn)八 -*- 考點(diǎn)一 考點(diǎn)二 考點(diǎn)三 考點(diǎn)四 考點(diǎn)五 考點(diǎn)六 考點(diǎn)七 考點(diǎn)八 -*- 考點(diǎn)一 考點(diǎn)二 考點(diǎn)三 考點(diǎn)四 考點(diǎn)五 考點(diǎn)六 考點(diǎn)七 考點(diǎn)八 -*- 考點(diǎn)一 考點(diǎn)二 考點(diǎn)三 考點(diǎn)四 考點(diǎn)五 考點(diǎn)六 考點(diǎn)七 考點(diǎn)八 (2024·陜西)After receiving the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress,Anne Benedict went on to thank all the people who had helped in her career. 獲得奧斯卡最佳女配角獎(jiǎng)之后,安妮·本尼迪克特接下來(lái)感謝了所有在事業(yè)上幫助過(guò)她的人。 注意:動(dòng)詞不定式和動(dòng)詞-ing形式做主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)時(shí),可以用it做形式主語(yǔ)或者形式賓語(yǔ)。 It’s no use arguing with him. 與他爭(zhēng)吵沒(méi)有用。 I think it easy to have done so much in only one day. 我認(rèn)為僅在一天之內(nèi)就做了這么多很容易。 -*- 考點(diǎn)一 考點(diǎn)二 考點(diǎn)三 考點(diǎn)四 考點(diǎn)五 考點(diǎn)六 考點(diǎn)七 考點(diǎn)八 考點(diǎn)四非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞做狀語(yǔ)　? 1.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞及其短語(yǔ)做狀語(yǔ)時(shí),可以表示時(shí)間、原因、行為方式、伴隨情況等,其邏輯主語(yǔ)必須與句子的主語(yǔ)一致。如果非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與句子的主語(yǔ)之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,用doing表示與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作;having done表示do的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之前。如果非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與句子的主語(yǔ)之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,則用done,若強(qiáng)調(diào)這個(gè)被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作之前,則用having been done。 -*- 考點(diǎn)一 考點(diǎn)二 考點(diǎn)三 考點(diǎn)四 考點(diǎn)五 考點(diǎn)六 考點(diǎn)七 考點(diǎn)八 (2024·湖南)When the clerk saw a kind face wrinkled in an apologetic smile,she stood rooted to the ground,wondering whether to stay or leave. 當(dāng)這名職員看到一張和藹的、帶著歉意的笑紋的臉時(shí),她站在那里不動(dòng)了,不知道是該留下還是該離開。 The teachers stood there talking,surrounded by the students.(The teachers 和talk之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系,The teachers和surround之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系) Having been shown around the lab,the visitors went to the library.(be shown around “被帶領(lǐng)參觀”的動(dòng)作完成之后,才發(fā)生went這個(gè)動(dòng)作) -*- 考點(diǎn)一 考點(diǎn)二 考點(diǎn)三 考點(diǎn)四 考點(diǎn)五 考點(diǎn)六 考點(diǎn)七 考點(diǎn)八 (2024·天津)Clearly and thoughtfully written,the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers. 這本書寫得清晰有深度,它激發(fā)了那些想尋求屬于自己的答案的學(xué)生們的信心。 (不強(qiáng)調(diào)write的動(dòng)作先完成,只是強(qiáng)調(diào)the book和write之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,也就是說(shuō)這里的write只表被動(dòng),不表完成) 表示時(shí)間關(guān)系的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))可由連詞when/while引導(dǎo)。 While working,they listened to the songs. 工作的時(shí)候,他們聽著歌。 -*- 考點(diǎn)一 考點(diǎn)二 考點(diǎn)三 考點(diǎn)四 考點(diǎn)五 考點(diǎn)六 考點(diǎn)七 考點(diǎn)八 2.做目的狀語(yǔ)和結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)通常用不定式,動(dòng)詞-ing形式和動(dòng)詞-ed形式一般做時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、原因狀語(yǔ)、條件狀語(yǔ)和伴隨狀語(yǔ)。 不定式放句首做狀語(yǔ),只表目的;做結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)時(shí)表示出乎意料的、令人不愉快的結(jié)果。而動(dòng)詞-ing形式不能表示目的,做結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)時(shí)表示伴隨謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作的發(fā)生而產(chǎn)生的自然結(jié)果(同時(shí)發(fā)生),有時(shí)在前面加上thus,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與動(dòng)詞-ing形式是因果關(guān)系。 (2024·湖南)To free ourselves from the physical and mental tensions,we each need deep thought and inner quietness. 要想把我們自己從身心緊張的狀態(tài)下解脫出來(lái),我們每個(gè)人都需要沉思以及內(nèi)心的寧?kù)o。 -*- 考點(diǎn)一 考點(diǎn)二 考點(diǎn)三 考點(diǎn)四 考點(diǎn)五 考點(diǎn)六 考點(diǎn)七 考點(diǎn)八 2.做目的狀語(yǔ)和結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)通常用不定式,動(dòng)詞-ing形式和動(dòng)詞-ed形式一般做時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、原因狀語(yǔ)、條件狀語(yǔ)和伴隨狀語(yǔ)。 不定式放句首做狀語(yǔ),只表目的;做結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)時(shí)表示出乎意料的、令人不愉快的結(jié)果。而動(dòng)詞-ing形式不能表示目的,做結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)時(shí)表示伴隨謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作的發(fā)生而產(chǎn)生的自然結(jié)果(同時(shí)發(fā)生),有時(shí)在前面加上thus,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與動(dòng)詞-ing形式是因果關(guān)系。 (2024·湖南)To free ourselves from the physical and mental tensions,we each need deep thought and inner quietness. 要想把我們自己從身心緊張的狀態(tài)下解脫出來(lái),我們每個(gè)人都需要沉思以及內(nèi)心的寧?kù)o。 -*- 考點(diǎn)一 考點(diǎn)二 考點(diǎn)三 考點(diǎn)四 考點(diǎn)五 考點(diǎn)六 考點(diǎn)七 考點(diǎn)八 3.要注意非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)為句子的主語(yǔ)。因此要注意主語(yǔ)前后一致。 To improve English,his father bought him many books.(×)(improve的邏輯主語(yǔ)為he,而不是his father) Walking in the street,a car knocked the boy down.(×)(walk的邏輯主語(yǔ)為the boy,而不是a car) 4.不定式可以跟在表示“喜、怒、哀、樂(lè)”的形容詞后面做原因狀語(yǔ)或用于too...to do sth.,so...as to do sth.,enough...to do sth.等結(jié)構(gòu)中做結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。 I am happy to meet you here. 我很高興在這里遇到你。 The boy is old enough to go to school. 這個(gè)男孩足夠大,能上學(xué)了。 -*- 考點(diǎn)一 考點(diǎn)二 考點(diǎn)三 考點(diǎn)四 考點(diǎn)五 考點(diǎn)六 考點(diǎn)七 考點(diǎn)八 5.獨(dú)立成分做狀語(yǔ),其形式不受前后文的影響。如considering...(鑒于/考慮到……);generally speaking(一般來(lái)說(shuō));judging by/from...(從……來(lái)看,依據(jù)……來(lái)判斷);supposing that...(假如……);providing that...(假如……);owing to...(由于……);speaking of...(談及……);given...(考慮到……);provided that...(如果……);to tell the truth(實(shí)話實(shí)說(shuō));to be honest(老實(shí)說(shuō))等。 Generally speaking,it is hot in summer in this area. 一般來(lái)說(shuō),這個(gè)地區(qū)夏天很熱。 -*- 考點(diǎn)一 考點(diǎn)二 考點(diǎn)三 考點(diǎn)四 考點(diǎn)五 考點(diǎn)六 考點(diǎn)七 考點(diǎn)八 -*- 考點(diǎn)一 考點(diǎn)二 考點(diǎn)三 考點(diǎn)四 考點(diǎn)五 考點(diǎn)六 考點(diǎn)七 考點(diǎn)八 -*- 考點(diǎn)一 考點(diǎn)二 考點(diǎn)三 考點(diǎn)四 考點(diǎn)五 考點(diǎn)六 考點(diǎn)七 考點(diǎn)八 -*- 考點(diǎn)一 考點(diǎn)二 考點(diǎn)三 考點(diǎn)四 考點(diǎn)五 考點(diǎn)六 考點(diǎn)七 考點(diǎn)八 注意:find,leave(使……處于某種狀態(tài)),keep(使……保持某種狀態(tài))后一般跟動(dòng)詞-ing形式和動(dòng)詞-ed形式做補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),而不跟動(dòng)詞不定式。 What you said left me thinking. 你所說(shuō)的令我思考。 -*- 考點(diǎn)一 考點(diǎn)二 考點(diǎn)三 考點(diǎn)四 考點(diǎn)五 考點(diǎn)六 考點(diǎn)七 考點(diǎn)八 考點(diǎn)六非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞做定語(yǔ)　? 1.不定式做定語(yǔ) 不定式做定語(yǔ)可表示該動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生;被修飾的詞為ability,chance,idea,fact,promise,attempt,belief等抽象名詞時(shí)一般用不定式做定語(yǔ);不定式常用于不定代詞或被the first/next/only/last等修飾的名詞后做定語(yǔ);如果做定語(yǔ)的不定式與被修飾的名詞之間存在邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,在不及物動(dòng)詞后通常要加上適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~。 (2024·四川)The airport to be completed next year will help promote tourism in this area. 明年要竣工的飛機(jī)場(chǎng)將有助于促進(jìn)這個(gè)地區(qū)的旅游業(yè)。 -*- 考點(diǎn)一 考點(diǎn)二 考點(diǎn)三 考點(diǎn)四 考點(diǎn)五 考點(diǎn)六 考點(diǎn)七 考點(diǎn)八 He has a chance and has become the first to go abroad in our town. 他擁有一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)而且已經(jīng)成為我們鎮(zhèn)上第一個(gè)出國(guó)的人。 He wanted to find a house to live in. 他想找個(gè)房子居住。 2.動(dòng)詞-ing形式做定語(yǔ) 當(dāng)被修飾的名詞與非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系時(shí),用動(dòng)詞-ing形式;當(dāng)為被動(dòng)關(guān)系且表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行時(shí)用being done的形式;當(dāng)被修飾的名詞與非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系且動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成時(shí),要用having been done的形式,having been done不做定語(yǔ)。動(dòng)詞-ing形式做定語(yǔ)一般要求其動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生或在說(shuō)話時(shí)該動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行,否則就用定語(yǔ)從句。動(dòng)詞-ing形式做定語(yǔ)表示被修飾詞的用途時(shí),與被修飾詞之間不存在邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。 -*- 考點(diǎn)一 考點(diǎn)二 考點(diǎn)三 考點(diǎn)四 考點(diǎn)五 考點(diǎn)六 考點(diǎn)七 考點(diǎn)八 (2024·大綱全國(guó))Today there are more airplanes carrying more people than ever before in the skies. 與以前相比,如今天空中有更多的飛機(jī)來(lái)運(yùn)送更多的乘客。 The houses being built are for the students. 正在蓋的這些房子是給學(xué)生的。 A sleeping pill will help you to fall asleep quickly. 安眠藥會(huì)幫助你很快入睡。 3.動(dòng)詞-ed形式做定語(yǔ) 動(dòng)詞-ed形式做定語(yǔ)與被修飾詞之間存在邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,表示動(dòng)作已完成。及物動(dòng)詞-ed形式做定語(yǔ)表示被動(dòng)和完成,少數(shù)不及物動(dòng)詞-ed形式做定語(yǔ)只表示完成,不表被動(dòng)。 The retired worker is sweeping the fallen leaves on the road. 這位退休工人正在掃路上的落葉。 -*- 考點(diǎn)一 考點(diǎn)二 考點(diǎn)三 考點(diǎn)四 考點(diǎn)五 考點(diǎn)六 考點(diǎn)七 考點(diǎn)八 考點(diǎn)七獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)　? 獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)是英語(yǔ)中的一個(gè)特殊短語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu),它只有邏輯上的主語(yǔ)(名詞或代詞充當(dāng))和謂語(yǔ)(一般用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞、數(shù)詞、介詞短語(yǔ)來(lái)充當(dāng)),而沒(méi)有語(yǔ)法意義上的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ),主要用于書面語(yǔ)中,在口語(yǔ)中不常用,在句子中起狀語(yǔ)作用,相當(dāng)于一個(gè)狀語(yǔ)從句,表示時(shí)間、原因、方式、條件、伴隨情況等,用于修飾整個(gè)句子。“with+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”也是獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的一種形式。 -*- 考點(diǎn)一 考點(diǎn)二 考點(diǎn)三 考點(diǎn)四 考點(diǎn)五 考點(diǎn)六 考點(diǎn)七 考點(diǎn)八 (2024·江蘇)Much time spent sitting at a desk,office workers are generally troubled by health problems. 大部分時(shí)間都坐在桌前,辦公室員工普遍受到健康問(wèn)題的困擾。 (2024·山東濰坊聯(lián)考)The trees there are extremely tall,some measuring over 90 meters. 那里的樹非常高,有些高達(dá)90多米。 With nothing to do,they went out for a walk. 因無(wú)事可做,他們便出去散步了。 -*- 考點(diǎn)一 考點(diǎn)二 考點(diǎn)三 考點(diǎn)四 考點(diǎn)五 考點(diǎn)六 考點(diǎn)七 考點(diǎn)八 考點(diǎn)八不定式的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義　? 1.在“be+表示特征、性質(zhì)的形容詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)中,常用的形容詞有:easy,hard,difficult,important,impossible,interesting,pleasant,nice,comfortable,safe,dangerous,cheap,fit,heavy,happy,glad,sorry,lucky,surprised,angry,able,right,ready,clever,foolish,quick,slow,polite,wrong等。這類形容詞往往說(shuō)明產(chǎn)生這種特性或情緒的原因。要注意不定式中動(dòng)詞要用主動(dòng)式,且是及物動(dòng)詞或是“不及物動(dòng)詞+介詞”的形式。 He is easy to get along with. 他很容易相處。 -*- 考點(diǎn)一 考點(diǎn)二 考點(diǎn)三 考點(diǎn)四 考點(diǎn)五 考點(diǎn)六 考點(diǎn)七 考點(diǎn)八 2.不定式與疑問(wèn)詞連用時(shí)。 I don’t know what to do. 我不知道做什么。 3.某些動(dòng)詞(如blame/seek/let)的不定式與be動(dòng)詞連用時(shí)。 He is to blame for the accident. 他應(yīng)為此次事故負(fù)責(zé)任。 -*- Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅰ.用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1.(2024·課標(biāo)全國(guó)Ⅰ)A study of travelers conducted(conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. 2.(2024·課標(biāo)全國(guó)Ⅱ)When a new day breaks,the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough to cool(cool) the house during the hot day.? 3.(2024·重慶改編)Raised(raise) in the poorest area of Glasgow,he had a long,hard road to becoming a football star. 4.(2024·湖南改編)Video games can be a poor influence if left(leave) in the wrong hands. 5.(2024·河南洛陽(yáng)12月統(tǒng)考改編)In a single moment I felt the heaviness of the day transformed(transform) into lightness of a feather.

　　答案

　　答案 關(guān)閉 1.conducted　分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此處用過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)做后置定語(yǔ),修飾a study。 2.to cool　由空前的are now cold enough可知,此處用cool的不定式形式。 3.Raised　分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,所填部分在句中做狀語(yǔ),且raise與主語(yǔ)he之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,故應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞。句意:他在格拉斯哥最貧窮的地區(qū)被撫養(yǎng)長(zhǎng)大,成為足球明星的道路漫長(zhǎng)而艱辛。 4.left　分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,if引導(dǎo)的從句中沒(méi)有主語(yǔ),因此為省略結(jié)構(gòu),其邏輯主語(yǔ)為video games,video games和leave之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以用過(guò)去分詞,填left。句意:如果控制不當(dāng),電子游戲可能造成不良影響。 5.transformed　句意:……感到一天的勞累像羽毛一樣輕了。the heaviness of the day與transform之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故要用過(guò)去分詞做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。 核心考點(diǎn)