情態動詞與虛擬語氣

　　一、從下面方框中選擇恰當的情態動詞填空。

　　1.If you want to book tickets for the 2024 Olympic Games, just call 00952024. It ________ be simpler.

　　答案　couldn't

　　2.According to the school rules, no student ________ go out of the school after 23：00 sharp.

　　答案　shall

　　3.—I'm leaving now.

　　—It's so late. Better stay with me. Call a taxi if you ________.

　　答案　must

　　4.She was worried that we ________ get hurt.

　　答案　might

　　5.—I am really sorry to say that I ________ have shouted at you the other day.

　　—Forget it. I was a bit out of control myself too.

　　答案　shouldn't

　　6.—A medical team was sent to Japan by air five hours ago.

　　—So they ________ have arrived by now. The flight usually takes four hours or so.

　　答案　must

　　7.You ________ buy much wine—only three people will come.

　　答案　needn't

　　8.The driver tried everything he could think of, but the car just ________ move.

　　答案　wouldn't

　　9.It is important to know about the cultural differences that ________ cause problems.

　　答案　may

　　10.Don't play with the dog, Jack, for it ________ be dangerous at times.

　　答案　can

　　二、根據所提供的情景，用適當的情態動詞完成句子。

　　1.You ________ (drive) if you are drunk, first because it's dangerous and second because it's against the law.

　　答案　can't/mustn't drive

　　2.As it turned out to be a small party, we ________ (not dress) up so formally.

　　答案　needn't have dressed

　　3.How ________ I help them to understand when they won't listen to me？

　　答案　can

　　4.Don't you think it essential that every person of Brazil ________ spare no effort to make contributions to the 2024 FIFA World Cup？

　　答案　should

　　5.She ________ comb her hair at the table, even though she knows I don't like it.

　　答案　will

　　6.—She looks very happy. She ________ (pass) the exam.

　　—I guess so. It's not difficult after all.

　　答案　must have passed

　　7.—________the new housemaid cook some supper for you, Tom？

　　—No, tell her I'll eat outside tonight.

　　答案　Shall

　　8.—Who has broken the window in my room？

　　—Who else ________ have done it but your naughty son！

　　答案　could

　　9.—My cat's really fat.

　　—You ________ (not) have given her so much food.

　　答案　shouldn't

　　10.I know that you are dieting but you ________ eat at least an apple.

　　答案　should

　　三、根據漢語提示，用句末括號內的單詞完成句子。

　　1.包裹整整晚了一周。我多么希望我選擇航空郵寄啊。

　　The parcel was a whole week late.How I wish I ________ airmail instead！(choose)

　　答案　had chosen

　　2.——我們需要一個有智慧的人來負責這個項目?！屇莻€哈佛大學畢業的年輕人試試怎么樣？

　　—We need a man full of wisdom to take charge of the project.

　　—__________________the young man graduating from Harvard University ________ a try？(have)

　　答案　Shall; have

　　3.我很高興你告訴我昨天的演出取消了。否則的話，我就會白跑一趟了。

　　I'm glad you told me about yesterday's show being cancelled.Otherwise I ________ all the way for nothing.(travel)

　　答案　would/could/might have travelled

　　4.若不是瓢潑大雨的話，我們上周末便會有一個愉快的旅程。

　　But for the pouring rain，we ________ a pleasant journey last weekend.(have)

　　答案　would/could have had

　　5.——知道他什么時候回來嗎？——時間應該不會很長，他說只是去取些水果。

　　——Any idea when he might be back？

　　——Well, it ________ long.He said he was just going to get some fruit.(be)

　　答案　shouldn't be

　　6.Jack是個空談家，現在應該是采取行動而非夸夸其談的時候。

　　Jack is a great talker.It's high time that he ________ something instead of just talking.(do)

　　答案　should do/did

　　7.我姐姐昨天下午在街上遇見他了，所以他不可能參加了你的講座。

　　My sister met him in the street yesterday afternoon, so he ________ your lecture.(attend)

　　答案　can't/couldn't have attended

　　8.你本不必親自來，打一個電話就行了。

　　You ________ in person；a telephone would have been enough.(come)

　　答案　needn't have come

　　9.我真希望你昨天去聽音樂會了。

　　I would rather you ________ to the concert yesterday.(go)

　　答案　had gone

　　10.真遺憾！考慮到他的能力和經驗，他本來是可以做得更好的。

　　What a pity! Considering his ability and experience，he ________ better.(do)

　　答案　could have done

　　四、語法填空

　　(2024·大連一模)

　　One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about __1__ (be) late for school.

　　There were many people waiting there, __2__ some of them looked very anxious and __3__ (disappoint). When the bus finally came, we all hurried on board. I got a place next __4__ the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk. A boy on a bike __5__ (catch) my attention. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms. I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused __6__ (stop) until we reached the next stop. Still, the boy kept __7__ (ride). He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting. Finally, when we came to the next stop, the boy ran up to the door of the bus. I heard an exciting conversation. Then the driver stood up and asked, “__8__ anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop？” A woman on the bus shouted, “Oh, dear! It's __9__.” She pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully. Everyone on the bus began talking about what the boy had done, and the crowd of strangers __10__ (sudden) became friendly to one another.

　　答案與解析　

　　語篇解讀　一個男孩兒追趕公交車，歸還一位乘客落下的手提箱……

　　1.being　考查非謂語動詞。about是介詞，后面接動詞時，動詞用動名詞形式，故填being。

　　2.and　考查并列連詞。所填詞連接并列分句，表示順承關系，故填and。

　　3.disappointed　考查詞類轉換。由空前的and以及anxious可知，此處應填disappoint的形容詞形式disappointed (失望的)。

　　4.to　考查介詞短語。next to意為“貼近，緊挨著”，符合語境。

　　5.caught　考查動詞的語態和時態。主語與catch為主謂關系，且此處應用一般過去時表示過去的情況，故填caught。

　　6.to stop　考查固定用法。refuse to do (sth.)表示“拒絕做某事”，故填to stop。

　　7.riding　考查keep的用法。keep doing (sth.)表示“一直做某事”，故填riding。

　　8.Did　考查助動詞。句子是一般疑問句，且表示過去的情況，再結合lose可知應填Did。

　　9.me/mine　考查人稱代詞/名詞性物主代詞。由問句可知，此處應填me/mine。“It's me/It's mine.”表示“是我(丟東西了)/是我的箱子”。

　　10.suddenly　考查詞類轉換。修飾動詞became應用副詞，故填suddenly。

　　五、閱讀理解

　　(2024·重慶卷)

　　There are many places to go on safari (觀賞野生動物) in Africa, but riding a horse through the flooded waters of Botswana's Okavango Delta must rank as one of the world's most exciting wildlife journeys.

　　Several safari camps operate as the base for this adventure, providing unique rides twice a day to explore deep into the delta. The camps have excellent horses, professional guides and lots of support workers. They have a reputation for providing a great riding experience.

　　The morning ride, when the guides take you to beautiful, shallow lakes full of water lilies, tends to be more active. It is unlike any other riding experience. With rainbows forming in the splashing water around you and the sound of huge drops of water bouncing off your body and face, it is truly exciting. You are very likely to come across large wild animals, too. On horseback it is possible to get quite close to elephants, giraffes and many other animals. The sense of excitement and tension levels rise suddenly though, as does your heart rate, as you move closer to them.

　　In the evening, rides are usually at a more relaxed and unhurried pace, with golden light streaming across the grassy delta and the animals coming out to eat and drink. Sedate though they are, rides at this time of day are still very impressive. As the sun's rays pass through the dust kicked up by the horses, the romance of Africa comes to life.

　　Back at the camp you can kick off your boots and enjoy excellent food and wine. Looking back on your day, you will find it hard to deny that a horseback safari is as close as you will ever come to answering the call of the wild.

　　語篇解讀　這是一篇說明文，介紹了在非洲騎著馬近距離觀賞野生動物的奇妙之處。

　　1.What does the underlined word “They” refer to？

　　A. Flooded waters.

　　B. Wildlife journeys.

　　C. Safari camps.

　　D. Unique rides.

　　答案與解析　C　考查代詞指代。上兩句中談到了“Several safari camps”給游客提供的服務以及它們的特點，本句又說明它們因為給游客提供美妙的騎馬的經歷而聞名，因此They指的是上文提到的“Several safari camps”。

　　2.What does the author find most exciting about a horseback safari？

　　A. Seeing and feeling the real African life.

　　B. Enjoying good food and wine at the camp.

　　C. Hunting large animals just as our ancestors did.

　　D. Being part of the scene and getting close to animals.

　　答案與解析　D　考查細節理解。依據第三段的第四、五、六句可知，作者認為坐在馬背上近距離接觸那些野生動物最讓人激動。

　　3.What does the underlined word “Sedate” probably mean？

　　A. Wild and romantic.

　　B. Slow and peaceful.

　　C. Hungry and thirsty.

　　D. Active and excited.

　　答案與解析　B　考查詞義猜測。依據上一句中的“a more relaxed and unhurried pace”可知，傍晚的旅程是緩慢的、平靜的，故選B項。

　　4.The author introduces the riding experience in the Okavango Delta mainly by ________.

　　A. following space order

　　B. following time order

　　C. making classifications

　　D. giving examples

　　答案與解析　B　考查寫作手法。作者在第三段中先說了早上的旅程，第四段涉及晚上的旅程，尾段談到回到營地，由此可知作者是按時間順序寫的。

　　六、短文改錯

　　(2024·廣西桂林月考)

　　One day my uncle had been riding a horse in rain when he reached a small restaurant. Wet and cold, and he wanted to warm him very much. However, the restaurant was too crowded with people that he could not get near the fire. “Taking some fish to my horse！” he called out to the waiter. “Sorry, sir. But a horse didn't eat fish！” the waiter answered. “Never mind, just do as I tell you，” my uncle said. The crowd of people felt surprising at the strange order. To see a horse eat fish, all of whom ran out. Have the whole room to himself, my uncle sat down besides the fire and began warming himself.

　　答案　

　　One day my uncle had been riding a horse in

　　rain when he reached a small restaurant. Wet and cold,

　　he wanted to warm

　　very much. However, the restaurant was

　　crowded with people that he could not get near the fire. “ some fish to my horse！” he called out to the waiter. “Sorry, sir. But a horse

　　eat fish！” the waiter answered. “Never mind, just do as I tell you，” my uncle said. The crowd of people felt

　　at the strange order. To see a horse eat fish, all of

　　ran out.

　　the whole room to himself, my uncle sat down

　　the fire and began warming himself.

　　情態動詞與虛擬語氣

　　一、從下面方框中選擇恰當的情態動詞填空。

　　1.If you want to book tickets for the 2024 Olympic Games, just call 00952024. It ________ be simpler.

　　答案　couldn't

　　2.According to the school rules, no student ________ go out of the school after 23：00 sharp.

　　答案　shall

　　3.—I'm leaving now.

　　—It's so late. Better stay with me. Call a taxi if you ________.

　　答案　must

　　4.She was worried that we ________ get hurt.

　　答案　might

　　5.—I am really sorry to say that I ________ have shouted at you the other day.

　　—Forget it. I was a bit out of control myself too.

　　答案　shouldn't

　　6.—A medical team was sent to Japan by air five hours ago.

　　—So they ________ have arrived by now. The flight usually takes four hours or so.

　　答案　must

　　7.You ________ buy much wine—only three people will come.

　　答案　needn't

　　8.The driver tried everything he could think of, but the car just ________ move.

　　答案　wouldn't

　　9.It is important to know about the cultural differences that ________ cause problems.

　　答案　may

　　10.Don't play with the dog, Jack, for it ________ be dangerous at times.

　　答案　can

　　二、根據所提供的情景，用適當的情態動詞完成句子。

　　1.You ________ (drive) if you are drunk, first because it's dangerous and second because it's against the law.

　　答案　can't/mustn't drive

　　2.As it turned out to be a small party, we ________ (not dress) up so formally.

　　答案　needn't have dressed

　　3.How ________ I help them to understand when they won't listen to me？

　　答案　can

　　4.Don't you think it essential that every person of Brazil ________ spare no effort to make contributions to the 2024 FIFA World Cup？

　　答案　should

　　5.She ________ comb her hair at the table, even though she knows I don't like it.

　　答案　will

　　6.—She looks very happy. She ________ (pass) the exam.

　　—I guess so. It's not difficult after all.

　　答案　must have passed

　　7.—________the new housemaid cook some supper for you, Tom？

　　—No, tell her I'll eat outside tonight.

　　答案　Shall

　　8.—Who has broken the window in my room？

　　—Who else ________ have done it but your naughty son！

　　答案　could

　　9.—My cat's really fat.

　　—You ________ (not) have given her so much food.

　　答案　shouldn't

　　10.I know that you are dieting but you ________ eat at least an apple.

　　答案　should

　　三、根據漢語提示，用句末括號內的單詞完成句子。

　　1.包裹整整晚了一周。我多么希望我選擇航空郵寄啊。

　　The parcel was a whole week late.How I wish I ________ airmail instead！(choose)

　　答案　had chosen

　　2.——我們需要一個有智慧的人來負責這個項目?！屇莻€哈佛大學畢業的年輕人試試怎么樣？

　　—We need a man full of wisdom to take charge of the project.

　　—__________________the young man graduating from Harvard University ________ a try？(have)

　　答案　Shall; have

　　3.我很高興你告訴我昨天的演出取消了。否則的話，我就會白跑一趟了。

　　I'm glad you told me about yesterday's show being cancelled.Otherwise I ________ all the way for nothing.(travel)

　　答案　would/could/might have travelled

　　4.若不是瓢潑大雨的話，我們上周末便會有一個愉快的旅程。

　　But for the pouring rain，we ________ a pleasant journey last weekend.(have)

　　答案　would/could have had

　　5.——知道他什么時候回來嗎？——時間應該不會很長，他說只是去取些水果。

　　——Any idea when he might be back？

　　——Well, it ________ long.He said he was just going to get some fruit.(be)

　　答案　shouldn't be

　　6.Jack是個空談家，現在應該是采取行動而非夸夸其談的時候。

　　Jack is a great talker.It's high time that he ________ something instead of just talking.(do)

　　答案　should do/did

　　7.我姐姐昨天下午在街上遇見他了，所以他不可能參加了你的講座。

　　My sister met him in the street yesterday afternoon, so he ________ your lecture.(attend)

　　答案　can't/couldn't have attended

　　8.你本不必親自來，打一個電話就行了。

　　You ________ in person；a telephone would have been enough.(come)

　　答案　needn't have come

　　9.我真希望你昨天去聽音樂會了。

　　I would rather you ________ to the concert yesterday.(go)

　　答案　had gone

　　10.真遺憾！考慮到他的能力和經驗，他本來是可以做得更好的。

　　What a pity! Considering his ability and experience，he ________ better.(do)

　　答案　could have done

　　四、語法填空

　　(2024·大連一模)

　　One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about __1__ (be) late for school.

　　There were many people waiting there, __2__ some of them looked very anxious and __3__ (disappoint). When the bus finally came, we all hurried on board. I got a place next __4__ the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk. A boy on a bike __5__ (catch) my attention. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms. I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused __6__ (stop) until we reached the next stop. Still, the boy kept __7__ (ride). He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting. Finally, when we came to the next stop, the boy ran up to the door of the bus. I heard an exciting conversation. Then the driver stood up and asked, “__8__ anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop？” A woman on the bus shouted, “Oh, dear! It's __9__.” She pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully. Everyone on the bus began talking about what the boy had done, and the crowd of strangers __10__ (sudden) became friendly to one another.

　　答案與解析　

　　語篇解讀　一個男孩兒追趕公交車，歸還一位乘客落下的手提箱……

　　1.being　考查非謂語動詞。about是介詞，后面接動詞時，動詞用動名詞形式，故填being。

　　2.and　考查并列連詞。所填詞連接并列分句，表示順承關系，故填and。

　　3.disappointed　考查詞類轉換。由空前的and以及anxious可知，此處應填disappoint的形容詞形式disappointed (失望的)。

　　4.to　考查介詞短語。next to意為“貼近，緊挨著”，符合語境。

　　5.caught　考查動詞的語態和時態。主語與catch為主謂關系，且此處應用一般過去時表示過去的情況，故填caught。

　　6.to stop　考查固定用法。refuse to do (sth.)表示“拒絕做某事”，故填to stop。

　　7.riding　考查keep的用法。keep doing (sth.)表示“一直做某事”，故填riding。

　　8.Did　考查助動詞。句子是一般疑問句，且表示過去的情況，再結合lose可知應填Did。

　　9.me/mine　考查人稱代詞/名詞性物主代詞。由問句可知，此處應填me/mine?！癐t's me/It's mine.”表示“是我(丟東西了)/是我的箱子”。

　　10.suddenly　考查詞類轉換。修飾動詞became應用副詞，故填suddenly。

　　五、閱讀理解

　　(2024·重慶卷)

　　There are many places to go on safari (觀賞野生動物) in Africa, but riding a horse through the flooded waters of Botswana's Okavango Delta must rank as one of the world's most exciting wildlife journeys.

　　Several safari camps operate as the base for this adventure, providing unique rides twice a day to explore deep into the delta. The camps have excellent horses, professional guides and lots of support workers. They have a reputation for providing a great riding experience.

　　The morning ride, when the guides take you to beautiful, shallow lakes full of water lilies, tends to be more active. It is unlike any other riding experience. With rainbows forming in the splashing water around you and the sound of huge drops of water bouncing off your body and face, it is truly exciting. You are very likely to come across large wild animals, too. On horseback it is possible to get quite close to elephants, giraffes and many other animals. The sense of excitement and tension levels rise suddenly though, as does your heart rate, as you move closer to them.

　　In the evening, rides are usually at a more relaxed and unhurried pace, with golden light streaming across the grassy delta and the animals coming out to eat and drink. Sedate though they are, rides at this time of day are still very impressive. As the sun's rays pass through the dust kicked up by the horses, the romance of Africa comes to life.

　　Back at the camp you can kick off your boots and enjoy excellent food and wine. Looking back on your day, you will find it hard to deny that a horseback safari is as close as you will ever come to answering the call of the wild.

　　語篇解讀　這是一篇說明文，介紹了在非洲騎著馬近距離觀賞野生動物的奇妙之處。

　　1.What does the underlined word “They” refer to？

　　A. Flooded waters.

　　B. Wildlife journeys.

　　C. Safari camps.

　　D. Unique rides.

　　答案與解析　C　考查代詞指代。上兩句中談到了“Several safari camps”給游客提供的服務以及它們的特點，本句又說明它們因為給游客提供美妙的騎馬的經歷而聞名，因此They指的是上文提到的“Several safari camps”。

　　2.What does the author find most exciting about a horseback safari？

　　A. Seeing and feeling the real African life.

　　B. Enjoying good food and wine at the camp.

　　C. Hunting large animals just as our ancestors did.

　　D. Being part of the scene and getting close to animals.

　　答案與解析　D　考查細節理解。依據第三段的第四、五、六句可知，作者認為坐在馬背上近距離接觸那些野生動物最讓人激動。

　　3.What does the underlined word “Sedate” probably mean？

　　A. Wild and romantic.

　　B. Slow and peaceful.

　　C. Hungry and thirsty.

　　D. Active and excited.

　　答案與解析　B　考查詞義猜測。依據上一句中的“a more relaxed and unhurried pace”可知，傍晚的旅程是緩慢的、平靜的，故選B項。

　　4.The author introduces the riding experience in the Okavango Delta mainly by ________.

　　A. following space order

　　B. following time order

　　C. making classifications

　　D. giving examples

　　答案與解析　B　考查寫作手法。作者在第三段中先說了早上的旅程，第四段涉及晚上的旅程，尾段談到回到營地，由此可知作者是按時間順序寫的。

　　六、短文改錯

　　(2024·廣西桂林月考)

　　One day my uncle had been riding a horse in rain when he reached a small restaurant. Wet and cold, and he wanted to warm him very much. However, the restaurant was too crowded with people that he could not get near the fire. “Taking some fish to my horse！” he called out to the waiter. “Sorry, sir. But a horse didn't eat fish！” the waiter answered. “Never mind, just do as I tell you，” my uncle said. The crowd of people felt surprising at the strange order. To see a horse eat fish, all of whom ran out. Have the whole room to himself, my uncle sat down besides the fire and began warming himself.

　　答案　

　　One day my uncle had been riding a horse in

　　rain when he reached a small restaurant. Wet and cold,

　　he wanted to warm

　　very much. However, the restaurant was

　　crowded with people that he could not get near the fire. “ some fish to my horse！” he called out to the waiter. “Sorry, sir. But a horse

　　eat fish！” the waiter answered. “Never mind, just do as I tell you，” my uncle said. The crowd of people felt

　　at the strange order. To see a horse eat fish, all of

　　ran out.

　　the whole room to himself, my uncle sat down

　　the fire and began warming himself.