2024高考英語【北師大版】一輪復習提能訓練（13）含（解析）答案

　　高考題型提能練(十三)　Unit 13

　　Ⅰ.閱讀理解

　　A

　　On a visit to Japan, Wangari Maathai learned the story of the hummingbird () and the

　　forest fire. While the other animals run in fear, the hummingbird flies above the fire time and

　　again, leaving a few drops of water from its beak.

　　“Why do you bother？” the other animals shout at the hummingbird. “I'm doing the best that

　　I can，” the hummingbird replies.

　　“It's such a beautiful story，” Ms. Maathai says, thinking of the world's environmental problems.

　　“There's always something we can do with our little beak like the little hummingbird.”

　　In 2004 Maathai was honored with a Nobel Peace Prize for her work founding the Green Belt

　　Movement (GBM), which hires villagers, especially women, to improve the environment. Since

　　then, she's realized that people's values are what inspire them. If the values are good ones, good

　　actions will follow.

　　?If you don't have good values, you'll develop vices (惡劣行徑)，” says Maathai. “And if we give

　　in to the vice, we destroy ourselves. We destroy the environment.” That's the message of her

　　new book.

　　In 1971, Maathai received a doctor's degree from the University of Nairobi, the largest

　　university in Kenya. She's now back in her homeland beginning work on the Wangari Maathai

　　Institute for Peace and Environmental Studies (WMI) at the University of Nairobi. “They want to

　　call it after me，” she says.

　　WMI will pay more attention to “learning by doing” and use knowledge to deal with real

　　problems. “What Africa needs is people who are willing to get their fingers dirty and work with

　　the people，” says Maathai.

　　Planting trees is one way people connect with the natural world. She continues to inspire

　　others. “There is no lasting peace until we have peace with the earth itself，” she says.

　　文章大意：本文是一篇報道。保護環境人人有責，文章主要講述了諾貝爾和平獎獲得者Maathai保護環境的一些具體活動以及她關于保護環境的一些看法。

　　1．Why does Wangari Maathai think highly of the hummingbird?

　　A．It can create water from its beak.

　　B．It helps the other animals run away.

　　C．It tries its best to put out the fire.

　　D．It finds out a way to save the forest.

　　答案：C　細節理解題。根據第二段中“I'm doing the best that I can”和第三段“... thinking of the world's environmental problems. ‘There's always something we can do with our little beak like the little hummingbird.’”可知，Maathai對蜂鳥評價很高的原因是蜂鳥會盡自己的全力去撲滅大火。故C項正確。

　　2．Those who work for GBM are mainly ________.

　　A．environmental experts

　　B．women villagers

　　C．people who had good values

　　D．people who love birds

　　答案：B　細節理解題。根據第四段第一句“... which hires villagers, especially women, to improve the environment.”可知，B項正確。

　　3．Which of the following is TRUE about Wangari Maathai?

　　A．She is from Japan.

　　B．She received a Nobel Prize.

　　C．She is a university teacher.

　　D．She has always raised the hummingbird.

　　答案：B　細節理解題。根據第四段第一句中“In 2004 Maathai was honored with a Nobel Peace Prize for her work founding the Green Belt Movement (GBM)”可知，B項正確。

　　4．According to Wangari Maathai, ________.

　　A．good actions lead to good values

　　B．people's values influence their actions

　　C．everybody has a possibility to develop vices

　　D．people who have bad values may have good actions

　　答案：B　細節理解題。根據第四段最后一句和第五段內容可知，Maathai認為，如果你沒有好的價值觀，就會有不良行為；如果我們屈從于錯誤的價值觀的話，就會傷害自己，破壞環境。故B項正確。

　　B

　　(2024·江西省九校聯合考試)If you have an allergy to some food, even a very tiny bit of food can make you sick. Lots of kids have food allergies — about 3 million in the United States alone.

　　The foods that cause the most food allergies include peanuts and other nuts; seafood, such as shrimp; milk, particularly cow's milk; eggs; wheat.

　　What Is a Food Allergy?

　　Food allergies occur when your immune system makes a mistake. Usually, your immune system protects you from germs and disease. It does this by making antibodies that help you fight off bacteria, viruses, and other tiny organisms that can make you sick. But if you have a food allergy, your immune system mistakenly treats something in a certain food as if it's really dangerous to you.

　　What's a Reaction Like?

　　In the most serious cases, a food allergy can cause anaphylaxis (過敏癥). This is a sudden, severe allergic reaction in which several problems occur all at once and can involve the skin, breathing, digestion, the heart and blood vessels. A person's blood pressure can drop, breathing tubes can narrow and the tongue can swell. People at risk for this kind of reaction have to be very careful and need a plan for handling emergencies, when they might need to get special medicine to stop these symptoms from getting worse.

　　What Will the Doctor Do?

　　If you think you may be allergic to a certain food, let your parents know. They will take you to the doctor to get it checked out. If your doctor thinks you might have a food allergy, he or she will probably send you to see a doctor who specializes in allergies. The allergy specialist will ask you about past reactions and how long it takes between eating the food and getting the symptom, such as hives. The allergist also may ask about whether anyone else in your family has allergies or other allergy-related conditions. The allergist may also want to do a skin test. This is a way of seeing how your body reacts to a very small amount of the food that is giving you trouble.

　　1.According to the passage, you will have a food allergy when

　　your immune system ________.

　　A.recognizes tiny organisms in a certain food

　　B.mistakenly makes antibodies to help fight off something in a certain food

　　C.prevents something harmful in the food from entering your digestive system

　　D.releases chemicals to remove harmful things in a certain food

　　2.In the sudden and severe allergic reaction, which of the following may happen?

　　A.Blood pressure rising.

　　B.Lips swelling.

　　C.Breathing difficulty.

　　D.Heart beating becoming slow.

　　3.Which of the following suggestions is given to those at risk of severe allergic reaction?

　　A.Taking medicine as soon as an allergic reaction appears.

　　B.Avoiding eating any food when going outside.

　　C.Always carrying with special medicine for possible symptoms.

　　D.Preparing a plan for dealing with emergencies ahead of time.

　　4.What will an allergist do to check your food allergy out?

　　A.Ask you about the allergy-associated information.

　　B.Give you some medicine right away.

　　C.Enquire about your present feeling towards the food.

　　D.Give you a shot of liquid extract of food.

　　1．解析：選B　細節理解題根據第三段最后一句“But if you have ... dangerous to you.”可知當你過敏時你的免疫系統會誤認為某種食物中的某種物質是有害物質而產生抗體故選B項解析：選C　細節理解題根據第四段第二句“This is a sudden ... and blood vessels.”及下一句中的“breathing tubes can narrow”可知過敏嚴重時可能會使呼吸管變窄出現呼吸困難故選C項解析：選D　細節理解題根據第四段最后一句中的“People at risk for this kind of

　　reaction have to be very careful and need a plan for handling emergencies”可知過敏者應提前做好應對突發事件的準備故選D項解析：選A　推理判斷題根據最后一段第四五句“The allergy specialist ... or other allergy-related conditions.”可知過敏癥專科醫師會詢問一些與過敏反應相關的問題故答案為A項C

　　Life can be so wonderful，full of adventure and joy.It can also be full of challenges，setbacks(挫折) and heartbreaks.Whatever our circumstances，we generally still have dreams，hopes and desires—that little something more we want for ourselves and our loved ones.Yet knowing we can have more can also create a problem，because when we go to change the way we do things，up come the old patterns and pitfalls(陷阱) that stopped us from seeking what we wanted in the first place.

　　This tension between what we feel we can have and what we're seemingly able to have is the niggling(煩人的) suffering，the anxiety we feel.This is where we usually think it's easier to just give up.But we're never meant to let go of the part of us that knows we can have more.The intelligence behind that knowing is us—the real us.It's the part that believes in life and its possibilities.If you drop that，you begin to feel a little “dead” inside because you're dropping “you”．

　　So，if we have this capability but somehow life seems to keep us stuck，how do we break these patterns?

　　Decide on a new course and make one decision at a time.This is good advice for a new adventure or just getting through today's challenges.

　　While，deep down，we know we can do it，our mind—or the minds of those close to us—usually says we can't.That isn't a reason to stop; it's just the mind，that little man or woman on your shoulder，trying to talk you out of something again.It has done it many times before.It's all about starting simple and doing it now.

　　Decide and act before overthinking.When you do this you may feel a little，or large，release_from_the_jail_of_your_mind and you'll be on your way.

　　文章大意：本文是一篇說明文，作者介紹了在我們想要放棄的時候改變這種模式的一種方法就是重新選擇目標并且迅速做出決定。

　　．It can be inferred from the first two paragraphs that we should ________.

　　A．slow down and live a simple life

　　B．be careful when we choose to change

　　C．stick to our dreams under any circumstances

　　D．be content with what we already have

　　答案：C　細節理解題。文章第一段第三句Whatever our circumstances，we generally still have dreams，hopes and desires說不管在什么情況下，我們仍然有著夢想、希望和欲望。以及第二段最后一句If you drop that，you begin to feel a little “dead”inside because you're dropping “you”．如果你放棄了，你的內心會變得了無生機，因為你放下了你自己。故選C。

　　．What is the key to breaking the old patterns?

　　A．To focus on every detail.

　　B．To decide and take immediate action.

　　C．To listen to those close to us.

　　D．To think twice before we act.

　　答案：B　細節理解題。根據倒數第三段第一句Decide on a new course and make one decision at a time.可以知道為了打破舊格局需要決定一個新目標并且立刻做出決定。故選B。

　　3．Which of the following best explains the underlined part in the last paragraph?

　　A．Escape from your punishment.

　　B．Realization of your dreams.

　　C．Freedom from your tension.

　　D．Reduction of your expectations.

　　答案：C　推理判斷題。根據畫線句子可知其本意是逃出你內心的牢籠。結合上文中在過多思考之前快速決定和行動可以推測這個畫線句子是指要從過多考慮的焦慮中解放自己。故選C。

　　．What does the author intend to tell us?

　　A．It's easier than we think to get what we want.

　　B．It's important to learn to accept sufferings in life.

　　C．It's impractical to change our way of thinking.

　　D．It's harder than we expect to follow a new course.

　　答案：A　寫作意圖題。從全文來看，作者主要是想要強調果斷的行動而不是空想來實現自己的夢想和欲望，比起想要成功，行動更加容易。故選A。

　　.任務型閱讀(2024·石家莊市復習教學質量檢測)You want your essay to be the one that is passed around the admissions office or not? It's a little bit like the difference between being famous and infamous. Here are some basic tips to avoid that infamous essay：● Don't write the “safe” essay.

　　1.________

　　It could be something that others have also experienced, but make sure to say how it affected you. Something personal and unique never fails to stand out.

　　● Avoid the generic and get specific.

　　Never write that you're “well rounded” or that “many people have influenced” you. 2.________ Real and specific experiences are a lot more convincing than something you copy from the Internet.

　　●3.________

　　There is no need to share your participation level (hours per week and weeks per year) because colleges ask for that information on your activity list. It is important for the students to use every opportunity to show who they are and impress the admissions office.

　　● Don't talk about rankings.

　　Many students love focusing on the numbers when they are writing their “why this college” essay. They believe they are flattering (討好) the college by saying the reason why they want to attend is that the college is highly ranked in US News & World Report. Obviously schools are aware of their rankings. 4.________

　　● Don't complain.

　　If you have gone through difficult circumstances, you should share your story. Don't point fingers. 5.________

　　A better essay will talk about how you have dealt with, and hopefully overcome the obstacles you came across.

　　A.It's important to show patience and determination.

　　B.This applies to all types of essays.

　　C.Don't forget about the activity list.

　　D.Pick a topic that only you can write about.

　　E.They just want to know why you want to attend.

　　F.Don't repeat information that is elsewhere in your application.

　　G.Tell the reader what you've done, how you've been influenced, and by whom.

　　Ⅲ.語法填空

　　(2024·河南三市第二次聯考)As the railroads and the highways shaped the American West in the past few 1.________

　　(century), a new electrical generating and transmission system for the 21st century will leave a 2.________ (last) mark on the West, for better or worse. Much of the real significance of railroads and highways is not in their direct physical effect on the scenery, but 3.________ the ways that they affect the surrounding community. The same is true of big solar plants and the power lines that will 4.________ (lay) down to move electricity around.

　　Big solar plants and their power lines will also have effects far beyond their direct footprint in 5.________ West. This is not an argument against 6.________

　　(build) them. We need alternative energy badly, and to really take advantage of 7.________， we need to be able to move electricity around far more readily 8.________ we can now.

　　So balance will have to 9.________

　　(make). Some scenic spots will be sacrificed. Some species will be forced to move or will be 10.________

　　(careful) moved to special accommodation. Measures will be taken to reduce the immediate effects.

　　Ⅳ.書面表達

　　(2024·遼寧省葫蘆島市一模)如今，隨著智能手機和電子設備的普及，“低頭族”現象興起，人們沉溺于手機等電子設備，因而忽略了自己和他人的溝通交流，甚至在家庭聚餐中也只顧玩手機而不和長輩聊天，老人感到失落萬分，請根據下圖寫一篇英語短文。

　　內容要點如下：

　　1.描述圖畫內容；

　　2.對圖中現象加以分析；

　　3.針對這個現象提出建議。

　　注意：1.詞數100左右；

　　2.可適當發揮，以使行文連貫。

　　高考題型提能練(十三).1～5　DGFEA.

　　1．centuries　考查名詞的數空格前的“few”用于修飾可數名詞復數故空格處應用century的復數形式centuries2．lasting　考查詞性轉換根據空格前的冠詞“a”和空格后的名詞“mark”可推知空格處作定語修飾名詞故用last的形容詞形式lasting3．in　考查介詞in the ways為固定搭配意為“以這些方式”符合語境故填in4．be laid　考查動詞的語態因該句主語“power lines”和空格處所填動詞之間為被動關系故填be laid5．the　考查冠詞the West為專有名詞意為“西部西方”故填定冠詞the6．building　考查非謂語動詞空格前的“against”為介詞介詞后應接名詞動名詞或代詞故用build的動名詞形式building7．it　考查代詞分析該句結構可知空格處代指該句中的“alternative energy”作介詞of的賓語故用it8．than　考查比較級結構根據該句中的“far more”可知此處表示比較的概念空格處填比較級標志詞thanfar more than為固定搭配意為“遠超過……”符合語境9．be made　考查動詞的語態該句主語為“balance”和動詞“make”之間是被動關系應用被動語態；根據空格前的“will have to”可知空格處應用be動詞的原形故填be made10．carefully　考查詞性轉換分析該句結構可知空格處修飾動詞“moved”應用副詞故填careful的副詞形式carefully.參考范文：As can be seen from the picture, a big family get together to have a splendid dinner. But when they sit down to table, the young just bury themselves in playing with their cellphones, tablet PCs and other electronic devices, totally ignoring their parents, who feel very lonely and sad.