* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * ②Now that you’ve got a chance，you might as well

　　(make) full use of it. ③—What does Mr.Li do? —He works on newspapers as well as

　　(teach) us English. (3)同義句改寫 The workers want to reduce working hours as well as increase their pay.(用not only...but also...和倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)改寫)

　　make teaches Not only do the workers want to increase their pay，but they also want to reduce working hours.

　　be/become known as...被稱為……；作為……而出名；叫作…… 11. 多維訓(xùn)練 (1)單句語法填空 ①Shaanxi food is also known

　　its liberal use of vinegar and garlic. ②Lu Xun was known

　　a great writer. ③It is known

　　us all that the earth goes around the sun. for as to (2)同義句改寫 He was known as a writer and was invited to attend the meeting.(用過去分詞短語作狀語改寫)

　　(3)翻譯句子 大多數(shù)人都知道他是一名好演員。

　　Known as a writer，he was invited to attend the meeting. He is known to most people as a good actor.

　　go down(價(jià)格、數(shù)量等)下降；下去；(船等)下沉；(日、月等)落下；(風(fēng)、海面等)平靜下來 12. 多維訓(xùn)練 寫出下列句子中g(shù)o down的漢語意思 (1)The moon has gone down.

　　(2)The ship went down by 12 feet.

　　(3)The wind is going down.

　　落下 下沉 平靜下來 (4)Her weight went down from 65 kilos to 50 kilos because of her illness.

　　(5)At the moment，about 80 percent of web traffic is in English，but this percentage is going down.

　　減輕 下降

　　Berners--Lee made it possible for everyone to use the Internet，not just universities and the army.貝爾納斯?李使每個(gè)人使用因特網(wǎng)成為了可能，而不僅僅是大學(xué)和軍隊(duì)。 13. 在此結(jié)構(gòu)中賓語通?？捎胕t作形式賓語，把真正的賓語置于賓補(bǔ)之后。可用作賓補(bǔ)的有名詞、代詞、形容詞、不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式、過去分詞、介詞短語等。make變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，不定式作主語的補(bǔ)足語要帶to。 句型公式： make＋賓語＋賓語補(bǔ)足語 (1)His being late made it impossible for the meeting to be held on time. 他來晚了，使得會(huì)議不可能按時(shí)召開。 (2)It is difficult to make myself understood in English. 我很難用英語把自己的想法表達(dá)清楚。 (3)We were made to work for the boss 16 hours a day. 老板讓我們一天為他工作16個(gè)小時(shí)。 (1)單句語法填空 ①We will make our country

　　(strength). ②In junior high，he was made

　　(run) marathon. ③The boss made his workers

　　(work) from morning till night. ④Can I make myself

　　(hear) in such a voice? (2)單句改錯(cuò) The heavy rain makes that difficult for them to finish the work on time.

　　多維訓(xùn)練 strong to run work heard that→it

　　It would be much better if we spent the time working on a computer.如果我們用些時(shí)間在電腦上工作，那效果將會(huì)更好。 14. 句型公式：表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的虛擬語氣 非真實(shí)條件句中的虛擬語氣 ? 虛擬條件句 主句 與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的假設(shè) 動(dòng)詞的過去式(be動(dòng)詞一般用were) would/could/should/might＋動(dòng)詞原形 與過去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè) had＋過去分詞 would/could/should/might＋have＋過去分詞 與將來事實(shí)相反的假設(shè) (1)動(dòng)詞的過去式 (2)were to＋動(dòng)詞原形 (3)should＋動(dòng)詞原形 would/could/should/might＋動(dòng)詞原形 (1)If I were you，I should go and see the dentist at once. 如果我是你的話，我會(huì)馬上去看牙科醫(yī)生。 (2)If the sun were to rise in the west，I would lend you the money. 假如太陽從西邊出來，我就借錢給你。 單句語法填空 (1)—The weather has been very hot and dry. —Yes.If it had rained even a drop，things would be much better now！And my vegetables

　　(die). (2)Had I known about this computer program，a huge amount of time and energy

　　(save). (3)This printer is of good quality.If it (break) down within the first year，we would repair it at our expense. 多維訓(xùn)練 wouldn’t have died would have been saved should break/broke/were to break (4)We

　　(be) back in the hotel now if you didn’t lose the map. (5)If Tom

　　(spend) more time studying，he

　　(be) able to do well in the test now. would be had spent would be 語境填詞 1.The search result was 543 websites

　　(包含) information about the changes of the game.(2024·廣東) 2.Previous generations

　　(集中) on getting children to school on time，fed，dressed and ready to learn.(2024·陜西) 3.We need a better way to

　　(使用) information.(2024·安徽) containing concentrated access 在高考語境中提升解題技能 4.Children are also

　　(源泉) of great joy and happiness.(2024·四川) 5.Sometimes he wore a duck hat，and I would tell myself，he was

　　(明確地) a fan of Dr.Bernie.(2024·江蘇) 6.Kahoot software can be used to create grammar tests which can be graded on a

　　(網(wǎng)絡(luò)).(2024·安徽) 7.In its early history，Chicago had floods

　　(經(jīng)常地)，especially in the spring，making the streets so muddy that people，horses，and carts got stuck.(2024·湖南) sources definitely network frequently 8.When they do get shorter，it’s because the spine has

　　(縮短) a little.(2024·浙江) 9.By mentioning the

　　(故障) of the computer，the author probably wants to prove it’s unwise to simply rely on technology. (2024·湖北) shortened breakdown 單句語法填空 1.Can you imagine what kind of world we would have without such ideas and

　　(invent)？(2024·北京) 2.Research findings seem to indicate that the

　　(create) by a great artist is as permanent an achievement as the discovery by a great scientist.(2024·重慶) 3.Students living in buildings that have kitchens are only permitted

　　(cook) in the kitchen.(2024·天津) inventions creation to cook 4.The argument is based on the belief that in regular classes these children are held back in their intellectual(智力的) growth by learning situations that are designed

　　the average children.(2011·廣東) 5.The soldiers were strengthening the

　　(defend) work to defend themselves against the enemies. for defence 短語填空 consist of，come up with，concentrate on，have access to，the number of，with the help of 1.So how can you

　　brilliant daydreams and avoid falling over tree roots or otherwise looking like a fool？(2024·北京) 2.

　　smokers，as is reported，has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.(2024·江蘇) 3.Six volunteers slid down the cliff

　　a rope but gave up all hope of finding her alive after a 90-minute search.(2024·陜西) come up with The number of with the help of consist of，come up with，concentrate on，have access to，the number of，with the help of 4.Real riches

　　well--developed and hearty capacities(能力) to enjoy life.(2024·福建) 5.When you

　　one task，you find you have energy that you didn’t even know you had.(2024·浙江) 6.Citizens may

　　the library free of charge. consist of concentrate on have access to 完成句子 1.

　　many abstract objectives，practical ones can bring us more courage and confidence whenever we make one step forward. (2024·重慶) 和許多抽象的目標(biāo)相比，當(dāng)我們?nèi)〉眠M(jìn)步的時(shí)候，實(shí)際的目標(biāo)能帶給我們更多的勇氣和信心。 2.

　　the heavy box. 對(duì)那個(gè)小男孩來說，搬起那個(gè)重箱子是困難的。 Compared with It’s difficult for the little boy to carry 3.

　　we can raise more money for the stay-at-home children. 如果我們能為留守兒童籌集到更多的錢，那將會(huì)更好。 4.I

　　in the morning and read English for half an hour. 我習(xí)慣每天早上早起，讀半個(gè)小時(shí)英語。 It would be much better if make it a rule to get up early

　　1.我們學(xué)校作為一所示范學(xué)校而出名。 2.我們學(xué)校由九十個(gè)班級(jí)組成。 3.平均來說，每個(gè)班有五十名學(xué)生。 4.課堂上，學(xué)生聚精會(huì)神地學(xué)習(xí)并提出很多問題。 5.課下，他們可以利用圖書館去獲取他們需要的信息。 提示　黑體部分用本單元詞匯表達(dá)，并且請(qǐng)使用which/that引導(dǎo)的定語從句。 寫作素材 (關(guān)于學(xué)校) 微寫作 連句成篇(將以上句子連成一篇50詞左右的英語短文)

　　Our school，which consists of ninety classes，becomes known as a model school.On average，there are 50 students in each class.In class，students concentrate on their study and come up with a lot of questions.After class，they have access to the library to obtain the information they need. * * * * * * * (1)have/get/obtain/gain access to擁有……的機(jī)會(huì)；可以接近；進(jìn)入 give access to準(zhǔn)許進(jìn)入(接近) (2)accessible adj.可到達(dá)的；易懂的；隨和的 be accessible to可接近的；可靠近的；可使用的 (1)Women had no access to education in old days. 在過去，婦女沒有受教育的權(quán)利。 (2)The true function of a university should be to give access to knowledge for its own sake. 一所大學(xué)的真正功能應(yīng)該是為了自身的發(fā)展去提供獲得知識(shí)的通道。 (3)A manager should be accessible to his staff. 一個(gè)管理人員應(yīng)該讓職員感到平易近人。 [特別提醒] (1)access的本意是進(jìn)入某一地點(diǎn)的“通道，入口”，側(cè)重進(jìn)入的手段與途徑，其含義是抽象的，一般用作不可數(shù)名詞。其引申義可指“接近或取得……的方法、手段、權(quán)力等”，常與介詞to連用。此外，access在計(jì)算機(jī)術(shù)語中可作“訪問，進(jìn)網(wǎng)”講。 (2)在access to中，介詞to后可接名詞或代詞，一般不接doing。 多維訓(xùn)練 (1)一句多譯 藥品不應(yīng)放在孩子們拿得到的地方。 ①

　　(accessible) ②

　　(range) ③

　　(reach) (2)單句改錯(cuò) The access to entering the village is riding a bike.

　　Medicine should not be kept where it is accessible to children. Medicine should be kept where it is out of children’s range. Medicine should be kept where it is out of children’s reach. 去掉entering

　　design n.設(shè)計(jì)；布局；安排(arrangement)；打算(plan)；意圖(intention)；構(gòu)思；v.設(shè)計(jì)；構(gòu)思；計(jì)劃；制訂(make，plan or intend) 2. 應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)　(1)過去分詞作定語的考查；(2)活動(dòng)類寫作高頻詞匯 (1)by design＝on purpose故意 (2)be designed for...為……設(shè)計(jì) be designed to do.../as...為某目的或用途而制造或設(shè)計(jì) (1)Do you think the building was burnt down by accident or by design? 你認(rèn)為大樓被燒是意外事故，還是有意為之？ (2)The method is specifically designed for use in small groups. 這方法是專為小組活動(dòng)設(shè)計(jì)的。 多維訓(xùn)練 (1)單句語法填空 ①He became a photographer more by accident than

　　design. ②This building is designed

　　weddings and other celebrations and it’s beautiful. ③The new device is designed

　　an alternative for the old one. by for as (2)同義句改寫 ①用過去分詞短語作定語改寫上題句②

　　②將劃線部分改為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu) Most of these rabbits change their fur color from white in the winter time to brown in the summer

　　. Most of these rabbits change their fur color from white in the winter time to brown in the summer，

　　. This building designed for weddings and other celebrations is beautiful.

　　and each is designed to give them better cover from predators

　　each designed to give them better cover from predators

　　permission n.許可，允許 3. 應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)　permit獨(dú)立主格的用法 (1)ask for permission請(qǐng)求許可 with/without one’s permission獲取某人同意/未經(jīng)某人許可 (2)permit v.允許；許可；準(zhǔn)許；n.通行證；許可證；執(zhí)照 permit doing sth.允許做某事 permit of 容許(常用于否定句) (1)With your permission，I will carry out the project as soon as possible. 如果你答應(yīng)的話，我將盡快展開這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃。 (2)The rules of the club do not permit smoking. 俱樂部規(guī)則規(guī)定不允許吸煙。 多維訓(xùn)練 (1)單句語法填空 ①I was permitted

　　(talk) to the prisoner. ②The guards permitted me

　　(bring) my camera and tape recorder. ③The facts permit

　　no other explanation. ④He asked for

　　(permit) to leave the room. (2)同義句改寫 If time permits，I will visit the Great Wall.(用獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)改寫)

　　Time permitting，I will visit the Great Wall. to talk to bring of permission

　　concentrate vi.集中(注意力、思想等) 4. 多詞一義　concentrate on，fix on，focus on，be absorbed in， be devoted to (1)concentrate (one’s mind/attention/thoughts/efforts) on集中注意力/精力于；專注于 (2)下列短語均表示“專心，集中于”：,focus/fix one’s attention on；put one’s mind to；put one’s heart into；be absorbed in；be lost in；apply oneself/one’s mind to (1)I can’t concentrate on my studies with that noise going on. 有噪音我不能集中精力學(xué)習(xí)。 (2)We must concentrate our attention on improving education. 我們必須致力于改進(jìn)教育工作。 多維訓(xùn)練 (1)單句語法填空 ①It was up to him to concentrate

　　his studies and make something of himself. ②If you apply yourself

　　the job in hand，you’ll soon finish it. ③Nothing is difficult if you put your heart

　　it. ④She is absorbed

　　music. on to into in (2)同義句改寫 He concentrated his mind on his work and didn’t notice my appearance. ①

　　(用with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)改寫) ②

　　(用獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)改寫)

　　With his mind concentrated on his work，he didn’t notice my appearance. His mind concentrated on his work，he didn’t notice my appearance.

　　consist of由……組成 5. (1)consist vi.組成；在于；一致 consist in(＝lie in)在于……；存在于…… consist with (＝agree with) 和……一致 (2)be consistent with與……一致的；符合的 多詞一義　consist of，be composed of，be made up of (1)His breakfast consists of dry bread and a cup of tea. 他的早餐由不涂黃油的面包和一杯茶組成。 (2)Good service consists in punctuality and dependability. 良好的服務(wù)在于守時(shí)與可靠。 [特別提醒] consist of不用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)和進(jìn)行時(shí)。 特別提醒 多維訓(xùn)練 (1)單句語法填空 ①His words don’t consist

　　facts. ②The result is

　　(consist) with previous findings. ③There are four parts

　　(consist) of the text. (2)同義詞替換 This club consists of eight members.

　　with consistent consisting is made up of/is composed of

　　come up with提出，想出(主意、計(jì)劃、回答等) 6. come up走近；上來；發(fā)生；出現(xiàn)；被提及/討論；長出地面，發(fā)芽；(太陽、月亮)升起；被提出 come about發(fā)生 come across偶然碰到；被理解 come along跟著；前來；參加 應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)　 “come＋副詞”類語境詞義辨析 (1)He came up with the idea of the World Wide Web in 1989 while he was working in Switzerland. 1989年他在瑞士工作時(shí)，提出了萬維網(wǎng)的構(gòu)想。 (2)A question came up at the meeting. 在會(huì)上提出了一個(gè)問題。 多維訓(xùn)練 短語填空 come up with，come up，come about，come across，come along (1)The sky was dark blue when the moon

　　. (2)I

　　an old school friend in Oxford Street this morning. (3)Several of the members have

　　suggestions of their own. (4)There’s a barbecue tonight and you’re very welcome

　　. (5)That

　　when we went to New York last year. came up came across come up with to come along came about

　　compared with與……相比 7. (1)compare...with/to...把……和……比較 compare...to...把……比作…… without/beyond compare無與倫比；舉世無雙 (2)in comparison with和……相比較 by comparison (with sth.)(與……)相比之下 應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)　 (1)compare...with/to...作狀語時(shí)的非謂語形式；(2)比較類寫作高頻詞匯 (1)This is fearfully expensive compared with the last one I bought. 這和我上次買的相比貴得嚇人。 (2)We carefully compared the first report with the second. 我們仔細(xì)比較了第一份報(bào)告和第二份報(bào)告。 (3)He performed well by comparison with the others. 跟別人相比，他表現(xiàn)得好。 多維訓(xùn)練 (1)單句語法填空 ①Compared

　　many people，she was indeed very fortunate. ②The height of the empire building is

　　compare. ③Living in the country is cheap in

　　(compare) with the big cities. ④Poets often compare red roses

　　love. with/to without/beyond comparison to (2)同義句改寫 If you compare Columbia with Charleston，you will find the former is a young city. ①

　　(用過去分詞短語作狀語改寫) ②

　　(用現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語改寫)

　　Columbia is a young city compared with Charleston./Compared with Charleston，Columbia is a young city.

　　Comparing Columbia with Charleston，you will find the former is a young city.

　　contain v.包含，含有；容納?hold?；控制，抑制

　　control? 8. 多維訓(xùn)練 (1)用contain，include的正確形式填空 ①Our six-city tour

　　a visit to London. ②This book

　　all the information you need. 解析　 ①contain“包括”，側(cè)重“整體內(nèi)有”，指在某一范圍或容器內(nèi)能容納某物，不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)。 ②include“包括”，側(cè)重被包含者只是整體中的一部分。 includes contains (2)單句語法填空 ①He was so excited that he could hardly contain

　　(he). ②The cats were fed a normal diet，

　　(contain) 20% protein. himself containing

　　average adj.平均的；普通的(normal)；典型的(typical)；n.平均數(shù)；平均水平；v.平均為；計(jì)算出……的平均數(shù)(be equal to...as an average) 9. 多維訓(xùn)練 (1)單句語法填空 ①The average of these numbers