2024年高考英語一輪復習講練測：必修5.1《Great Scientists》（測）（解析版）

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　　（測）-2024年高考英語一輪復習講練測（解析版）

　　必修 5

　　Unit 1 Great Scientists

　　單元檢測卷（時間50分鐘；滿分100分）

　　班級_________________姓名_____________考號_________________得分_______________________

　　I 語言知識及應用 (共兩節，滿分45分)

　　第一節完形填空（共20小題；每小題2分，滿分40分）完型填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分,滿分30分）

　　閱讀下面短文,掌握其大意,然后從各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中,選出最佳選項。

　　I was at the post office early that morning, hoping to be in and out in a short while. Yet, I

　　___

　　myself standing in a queue that went all the way into the hallway. I had never seen so many people there on a weekday. It seemed someone might have made an announcement, welcoming customers to carry as many

　　as they could and bring them in when I needed to have my own package

　　3 __. The queue moved very slowly. My patience ran out and I got

　　4__ .The longer it took, the angrier I became. When I got to the counter finally, I finished my

　　5__ quickly and briefly, and then walked past the queue that was now extending past the front door.

　　“Excuse me,” I said, trying not to be too pushy. Several people had to move

　　6__ to make room for me to get to the

　　I stepped out, complaining about the

　　conditions. Thinking I was going to be late for my dentist appointment, I headed into the parking lot．

　　A woman was coming across the lot in my

　　. She was walking with determination, and each step sounded very heavy. I

　　that she looked as if she could breathe fire. It stopped me in my tracks. I

　　myself and it wasn't pretty．Had I looked like that? Her body language said that she was having a

　　day. My anger melted away．I wished I could wrap her in a hug but I was a

　　. So I did what I could in a minute

　　she hurried past me---I smiled. In a second everything changed. She was astonished, then somewhat

　　. Then her face softened and her shoulders

　　. I saw her take a deep breath．Her pace slowed and she smiled back at me as we passed each other．

　　I continued to smile all the way to my

　　. Wow, it's amazing what a simple smile can do.

　　From then on, I became aware of people’s

　　and my own, the way we show our feelings. Now I use that

　　every day to let it

　　me that when facing the world, I can try a smile.

　　1．A．found

　　B．helped

　　C．troubled

　　D．enjoyed

　　．A．things

　　B．packages

　　C．chances

　　D．dollars

　　．A．lifted

　　B．cashed

　　C．weighed

　　D．carried

　　．A．pleased

　　B．disappointed

　　C．delighted

　　D．annoyed

　　．A．business

　　B．choice

　　C．situation

　　D．attitude

　　．A．away

　　B．about

　　C．along

　　D．aside

　　．A．counter

　　B．cashier

　　C．exit

　　D．entrance

　　．A．weather

　　B．service

　　C．work

　　D．shopping

　　．A．satisfaction

　　B．decision

　　C．direction

　　D．imagination

　　．A．announced

　　B．discovered

　　C．proved

　　D．noticed

　　．A．trusted

　　B．recognized

　　C．hid

　　D．persuaded

　　．A．rough

　　B．bright

　　C．big

　　D．nice

　　．A．gentleman

　　B．stranger

　　C．customer

　　D．passenger

　　．A．until

　　B．though

　　C．before

　　D．since

　　．A．attracted

　　B．frightened

　　C．cheered

　　D．confused

　　．A．trembled

　　B．raised

　　C．relaxed

　　D．tightened

　　．A．car

　　B．office

　　C．home

　　D．doctor

　　．A．appearances

　　B．reactions

　　C．judgments

　　D．expressions

　　．A．treatment

　　B．awareness

　　C．conclusion

　　D．achievement

　　．A．remind

　　B．show

　　C．give

　　D．tell

　　．B考查名詞：A．things事情，B．packages包裹，C．chances機會，D．dollars美元，when I needed to have my own package??????.可知是郵局鼓勵顧客盡可能多的帶來包裹，選B ．C考查動詞：A．lifted舉起，B．cashed支付，C．weighed稱重量，D．carried攜帶，had my package weighed請人稱包裹，選C ．D考查形容詞：A．pleased高興的，B．disappointed失望的，C．delighted高興的，D．annoyed生氣的，從后面的句子：The longer it took,? the angrier I became．可知作者失去耐心很生氣，選D ．A考查名詞：A．business生意，交易，B．choice選擇，C．situation形勢，D．attitude態度，很快的結束我的交易，選A ．D考查副詞：A．away離開，B．about關于，C．along沿著，D．aside一旁，從后面的 make room for me to可知幾個人讓到一邊，給作者騰出空間，選D ．C考查名詞：A．counter柜臺，B．cashier收銀臺，C．exit出口，D．entrance入口，這些人讓出地方是讓作者出去，選C ．B考查名詞：A．weather天氣，B．service服務，C．work工作，D．shopping商店，作者抱怨服務條件，選B ．C考查名詞：A．satisfaction滿意，B．decision決定，C．direction方向，D．imagination想象，選in one’s direction朝著某人的方向，選C ．D考查動詞：A．announced宣稱，B．discovered發現，C．proved證明，D．noticed通知，注意到，我注意到這個婦女好像很憤怒，選D ．B考查動詞：A．trusted信任，B．recognized承認，C．hid躲避，D．persuaded說服，從后面的句子：Had I looked like that? Her body language said that she was having a _??????day．可知作者是在自我認識，選B ．A考查形容詞：A．rough粗魯的，B．bright聰明的，C．big大的，D．nice好的，從前面的句子：that she looked as if she could breathe fire．可知這個婦女一天都不順利，選A ．B考查名詞：A．gentleman紳士，B．stranger陌生人，C．customer顧客，D．passenger乘客，作者希望能擁抱這個婦女，但是自己是陌生人，選B ．A考查名詞：A．car汽車，B．office辦公室，C．home家，D．doctor醫生，從前面的句子：Thinking I was going to be late for my dentist appointment, I headed into the parking lot．可知作者是去停車場拿車的，選A 【名師點睛】

　　1.近幾年來狀語從句和賓語從句的引導詞在完形填空中頻繁地考查，比如第54小題C考查連詞：A．until直到，B．though雖然， C．before在...前面，D．since自從，在她從我旁邊走過之前我做了我能做的，選C

　　2.結合上、下文，注意構詞。比如第58小題D考查名詞：A．appearances外貌，出現，B．reactions反應，C．behaviors行為，D．expressions表情，從后面的句子：and my own, the way we show our feelings．可知作者開始注意人們的表情，選D。59小題B考查名詞：A．treatment對待，B．awareness意識，C．conclusion結論，D．achievement成就，從前面的句子：I became aware of people's??????and my own,可知填aware的名詞，選B

　　考點：考查故事類閱讀第二節語法填空 (共10小題，每小題1.5分，滿分15分)

　　One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about

　　(be) late for school.

　　There were many people waiting

　　the bus stop, and some of them

　　(look)very anxious

　　disappointed . when the bus finally came, we all hurried on board. I got a place next 25_____ the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk. A boy on a bike 26____ (catch ) my attention. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms. I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused

　　27____(stop) until we reached the next stop. Still, the boy kept 28_____(ride). He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting. Finally, when we came to the next stop, the boy ran up to the door of the bus. I heard an excited conversation. Then the driver stood up and asked,“29____anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop?” A woman on the bus shouted, “Oh, dear! It ‘s 30___ (I )”. She pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully, Everyone on the bus began talking about what the boy had done, and the crowd of strangers suddenly became friendly to one another.

　　【解析】

　　試題分析：在一個寒冷的冬天，大家都在等車，大家都上車了之后，一個男孩子追著車把一個乘客掉落的東西給他，大家都感到了人性的溫暖。

　　21.being考查非謂語動詞。about是介詞，后面的動詞要用名詞形式，所以應該用being，用being。

　　2.at 考查介詞。At the bus stop在公共汽車站，用at 。

　　3.looked 考查動詞。本文講述的過去的事情，用過去時，用looked 。

　　4.and考查連詞。anxious 與 disappointed .之間是并列關系，用and。

　　5.to考查介詞。與next搭配的介詞是to，next?to意思為：貼近；緊挨著，用to。

　　6.caught考查動詞時態。全文是以one morning為主線，所以應該用一般過去式，catch為不規則動詞，其過去式為caught，用caught。

　　考點：考查動詞、介詞、連詞、代詞等

　　II閱讀 (共兩節，滿分30分)

　　第一節閱讀理解 (共1小題；每小題2分，滿分20分)

　　閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。

　　AMy 16-year-old son, Anton, had gone to the local swimming hole. Most of the kids swim there, and there are plenty of rocks for them to use as safe harbors, so I had no fears for his safety.

　　Still, the firefighter's first words "You need to come up here to the Stillwater River" made me catch my breath, and his follow-up words gave me relief: “ Your son is OK. ”

　　When I got to the river, I immediately saw the firetruck, ambulance and Anton, wrapped with a towel about his shoulders, sitting quietly on a low platform of the fire engine.

　　I hurried over to him. "You OK?" I asked.

　　“Yeah,” was all he said. But my eyes begged for an explanation, I didn't get it from my son, however, who tends to play his cards close to his vest.

　　The story was this: A woman was being swept under water. Hearing the cries, Anton and his friend Tyler, without hesitation, swam out to her, and brought her safely to shore.

　　In an age in which the word "hero" is broadcast with abandon and seemingly applied to anyone who make it through the day, I realized the real thing in my son. The teens are stubborn and self-centred, but that didn't mean they have no desire to do good.

　　Still shocked by my son's daring, I drove him home. Along the way, I tried to dig out some more information from him, but he had precious little to say. The only words he said were, “What's for supper?”

　　I spent some time alone that evening, thinking about the tragedy that might have been. The next morning, when Anton got up, I half expected him to tell me the story. But all he did was toast some bread, pull himself together, and head for the door to start a new day. Watching from the window, I was reminded that still water often runs deep.

　　31.Why did the mother allow her son to swim there?

　　A. He was an excellent swimmer.

　　B. The water of the river is shallow.

　　C. He was old enough to swim.

　　D. The rocks can be of help if there's danger.

　　32.The underlined part "who tends to play his cards close to his vest" probably means________.

　　A. Anton is a boy fond of swimming with other kids

　　B. Anton is unwilling to tell others what he thinks

　　C. Anton always has a desire to help others

　　D. Anton seldom changes his mind

　　33.In the mother's eyes, what her son did was_________.

　　A. dangerous but interesting

　　B. meaningful but difficult

　　C. unexpected and courageous D. awful and absurd

　　34.What might be the best title for the passage?

　　A. My Son, My Hero

　　B. Anton, A Silent Boy

　　C. A Good Deed

　　D. A Proud Mother

　　【解析】

　　試題分析：文章講述了一個16歲的少年在游泳時勇救落水女子的英雄事跡。作者為自己兒子的勇敢行為感到自豪，她認為現在的年輕人也有做好事的意愿。

　　31.D細節理解題。根據第一段最后“and there are plenty of rocks for them to use as safe harbors, so I had no fears for his safety”可知，那里有很多巖石，可以用作安全的港灣，因此作者不擔心孩子在那里游泳時的安全問題，故選D。

　　32.B推理判斷題。根據““Yeah,” was all he said...I didn't get it from my son”可知，作者兒子的回答很簡短，僅有一個詞“Yeah”，說明他不愿告訴作者詳情。劃線句的意思是把牌捂在胸口，這樣做事防止他人偷看自己的牌，在此意譯為不愿他人窺視自己的內心，故選B。

　　The Cuban iguana is a species of lizard（蜥蜴） of the iguana family. It is the largest of the West Indian rock iguanas, one of the most endangered groups of lizards. This species with red eyes and a thick tail is one of the largest lizards in the Caribbean.

　　The Cuban iguana is primarily herbivorous; 95% of its diet consists of the leaves, flowers and fruits from as many as 30 plant species, including the seaside rock bush and various grasses. However, Cuban iguanas occasionally consume animal matter, and individuals have been observed eating the dead flesh of birds, fish and crabs. The researchers wrote that quite a few people on Isla Magueyes could have caused this incident.

　　The Cuban iguana is distributed throughout the rocky southern coastal areas of mainland Cuba and its surrounding islands with a wild population booming on Isla Magueyes, Puerto Rico. It is also found on the Cayman Islands of Little Cayman and Cayman Brac, where a separate subspecies occurs. Females guard their nest sites and often nest in sites half destroyed by Cuban crocodiles. To avoid the attack from them, the Cuban iguana often makes its home within or near prickly-pear cacti（仙人掌）.

　　In general the species is in decline, more quickly on the mainland than on the outlying islands. One of the reasons for their decline is habitat destruction caused by the over consuming of farm animals, housing development, and the building of tourist resorts on the beaches where the animals prefer to build their nests. Although the wild population is in decline, the numbers of iguanas have been sharply increased as a result of captive-breeding（圈養）and other conservation programs.

　　35.The underlined word "herbivorous" （Paragraph 2） probably means

　　A. dangerous

　　B. gentle

　　C. plant-eating

　　D. flesh-eating

　　36.Why does the Cuban iguana build its nest near prickly-pear cacti?

　　A. To keep itself cool.

　　B. To get the food easily.

　　C. To stay away from people.

　　D. To avoid crocodiles' attack.

　　37.How many reasons are mentioned for the habitat destruction?

　　A. Two.

　　B. Three.

　　C. Four.

　　D. Five.

　　38.What's the author's purpose of writing the text?

　　A. To give us a brief introduction to the Cuban iguana.

　　B. To show he is concerned about the Cuban iguana.

　　C. To explain reasons for the Cuban iguana's decline.

　　D. To draw people's attention to the endangered Cuban iguana.

　　36.D細節理解題。根據第三段“by Cuban crocodiles. To avoid the attack from them, the Cuban iguana often makes its home within or near prickly-pear cacti”可知，藍鬣蜥在在仙人掌里或仙人掌附件筑巢是為了避開鱷魚的襲擊，故選D。

　　37.B細節理解題。根據最后一段“caused by the over consuming of farm animals, housing development, and the building of tourist resorts on the beaches”可知，導致棲息地遭到破壞的原因有三個，故選B。

　　38.A根據第一段“The Cuban iguana is a species of lizard（蜥蜴） of the iguana family. It is the largest ofThis species with red eyes...”第二段“The Cuban iguana is primarily herbivorous;”和第三段“The Cuban iguana is distributed throughout the rocky...”及最后一段“In general the species is in decline...”可知，文章主要介紹了古巴藍鬣蜥的情況，包括它的外形、生活習性、分布、現存狀況等，作者只是提到藍鬣蜥的數量在下降，而未提到其正在瀕臨滅絕，故選A。