第一部分　選修6　Unit 4

　?、?完形填空

　　Many years ago in one of the New England States lived a fine family which __1__six children.The children all__2__ well, except one.Kate never would do as she was__3__.She was in every __4__， a disobedient(反抗的) child.She gave her parents much __5__.She was what is called a vain(虛榮的) girl, who __6__more to her dress and toilet than to her books.

　　Kate's father was going to New York some time before Christmas.He told the girls if they behaved well while he was __7__， he would bring them each a pretty album.They all promised to do just as their mother should wish.The father went to New York and __8__after a week.The children __9__ him of his promise.He went to his desk and said，“Here they are, but you want me to paint some __10__ in them, well Ellen what do you wish？” Ellen said, “a lily Pa, __11__ you please.” Julia chose a tulip, and Lizzie a rose.Kate was __12__， and her father asked her“Well Kate, what __13__ I paint for you？”She hesitated, but finally said，“I would prefer a portrait of __14__. ”“Very well, Kate，”said her father, but __15__a sneer(冷笑) might have been seen on his __16__lip.A few evenings later, when there was a large party in the parlor(客廳)—the father gave each of the girls their albums.Every one was pleased except Kate, who __17__ tears, and throwing the book on the floor, left the room.The album was __18__ and there was a portrait of Kate just as she had desired, but __19__ it was written, “The flower most desired by Kate.”

　　It was a severe lesson－but let all vain girls __20__.

　　()1.A.included B．composed of

　　C．contained D．made up

　　()2.A.studiedB．behaved

　　C．mixed　

　　D．photographed

　　()3.A.advised　

　　B．allowed

　　C．demanded

　　D．bid

　　()4.A.feeling

　　B．direction

　　C．sense D．idea

　　()5.A.disgrace

　　B．mistrust

　　C．trouble

　　D．anger

　　()6.A.devotedB．attended

　　C．preferredD．connected

　　()7.A.missingB．gone

　　C．tired D．upset

　　()8.A.called

　　B．worked

　　C．returned

　　D．responded

　　()9.A.reminded　

　　B．convinced

　　C．warned　

　　D．informed

　　()10.A.portraits　

　　B．pictures

　　C．photosD．flowers

　　()11.A.if　

　　B．unless

　　C．when

　　D．until

　　()12.A.unhappy B．anxious

　　C．awkward　

　　D．silent

　　()13.A.must　

　　B．will　

　　C．should

　　D．shall

　　()14.A.Julia B．you　

　　C．myself　

　　D．Ellen

　　()15.A.unluckily　

　　B．meanwhile　

　　C．strangelyD．surprisingly

　　()16.A.trembling

　　B．curled

　　C．blueD．annoyed

　　()17.A.turned to B．broke out

　　C．burst intoD．set about

　　()18.A.brought up B．opened

　　C．picked up D．lifted

　　()19.A.under B．in

　　C．above D．beneath

　　()20.A.profit

　　B．remember

　　C．hate D．shook

　　【主旨大意】本文主要講述了一位父親教育愛慕虛榮的女兒的故事。

　　1．【答案】A

　　【解析】句意：家里有6個孩子。include意為“包括，包含”；compose of“由……組成”；contain“指全部包含”；made up“組成”。

　　2．　B

　　【解析】由下文可知，除了一個孩子所有的孩子之外其他都表現良好。behave意為“行為，舉止”；mix“混合”；photograph“照相，攝影”。

　　3．【答案】D

　　【解析】句意：由下文“a disobedient child”可知，她從不按照要求做事。bid意為“命令，吩咐”；要求某人做某事可使用demand of sb.to do sth.。

　　4．【答案】C

　　【解析】in every sense固定短語，意為在各種意義上，徹頭徹尾。

　　5．【答案】C

　　【解析】根據上下文可知，Kate是個愛慕虛榮和不聽話的孩子，所以會給父母帶來很多麻煩。 A和D語義太重。

　　6．【答案】B

　　【解析】句意：她關注衣服勝過關注書籍。attend意為“參加，注意，照料”；若選A句子應改為who devoted her dress more than to her books；prefer…to意為“更喜歡……”。

　　7．【答案】B

　　【解析】上文提到Kate的父親打算去紐約，所以選B。missing意為“缺掉的，失蹤的”；tired“勞累的，疲勞的”；upset“煩亂的，不高興的”。

　　8．【答案】C

　　【解析】根據下文給孩子禮物可判斷孩子的父親應該回來了。

　　9．【答案】A

　　【解析】remind…of意為“使……想起”；convince…of“使……相信”；warn…of“警告”； inform…of“通知某人……” 。

　　10．【答案】D

　　【解析】根據下文“Julia chose a tulip, and Lizzie a rose.”可知父親要給孩子們畫花。

　　11．【答案】A

　　【解析】句意：要是您畫的話就給我畫一朵百合花吧。

　　12．【答案】D

　　【解析】根據下文hesitated一詞的提示，可以推斷當時Kate沒做聲。anxious意為“焦急的，憂慮的”；awkward“笨拙的，尷尬的”；silent“安靜的，沉默的”。

　　13．【答案】D

　　【解析】shall用于一、三人稱表示詢問。

　　14．【答案】C

　　【解析】根據下文“there was a portrait of Kate”判斷選C。

　　15．【答案】B

　　【解析】unluckily意為“不幸的”；meanwhile“同時”；strangely“奇怪的，奇妙的”；surprisingly“驚人的，意外的”。

　　16．【答案】B

　　【解析】根據常識判斷，在冷笑時嘴唇容易卷縮。trembling意為“發抖的，哆嗦的”；curled“卷曲的，蜷縮的”；annoyed“煩悶的”。

　　17．【答案】C

　　【解析】burst into tears意為“突然大哭起來”。turn to“求助于，轉向”；break out“爆發”；set about“開始，著手”。

　　18．【答案】C

　　【解析】bring up意為“教育，培養，提出”；pick up“撿起，拾起”；lift“升高，舉起?！?/p>

　　19．【答案】D

　　【解析】under意為“在……的正下方”；in“在……的里面”；above“在……的上方”；beneath“在……的下方”。

　　20．【答案】A

　　【解析】句意：這個教訓很嚴厲，但對愛慕虛榮的女孩很有益處。profit 意為“獲利，賺錢”；remember“記得，記憶”；shake“搖動，搖晃”。

　?、?閱讀理解

　　A

　　(2024陜西，C)

　　The production of coffee beans is a huge, profitable business, but, unfortunately，full-sun production is taking over the industry and bringing about a lot of damage.The change in how coffee is grown from shade-grown production to full-sun production endangers the very existence of certain animals and birds, and even disturbs the world's ecological balance.

　　On a local level, the damage of the forest required by full-sun fields affects the area's birds and animals.The shade of the forest trees provides a home for birds and other species (物種) that depend on the trees' flowers and fruits.Full-sun coffee growers destroy this forest home.As a result, many species are quickly dying out.

　　On a more global level, the destruction of the rainforest for full-sun coffee fields also threatens (威脅) human life.Medical research often makes use of the forests' plant and animal life, and the destruction of such species could prevent researchers from finding cures for certain diseases.In addition, new coffee-growing techniques are poisoning the water locally, and eventually the world's groundwater.

　　Both locally and globally, the continued spread of full-sun coffee plantations (種植園) could mean the destruction of the rainforest ecology.The loss of shade trees is already causing a slight change in the world's climate, and studies show that the loss of oxygen-giving trees also leads to air pollution and global warming.Moreover, the new growing techniques are contributing to acidic (酸性的) soil conditions.

　　It is obvious that the way much coffee is grown affects many aspects of life, from the local environment to the global ecology.But consumers do have a choice.They can purchase shade-grown coffee whenever possible, although at a higher cost.The future health of the planet and mankind is surely worth more than an inexpensive cup of coffee.

　　()1.What can we learn about full-sun coffee production from Paragraph 4?

　　A．It limits the spread of new growing techniques.

　　B．It leads to air pollution and global warming.

　　C．It slows down the loss of shade trees.

　　D．It improves local soil conditions.

　　()2.The purpose of the text is to ________.

　　A．entertain B．advertise

　　C．instruct D．persuade

　　()3.Where does this text probably come from?

　　A．An agricultural magazine.

　　B．A medical journal.

　　C．An engineering textbook.

　　D．A tourist guide.

　　()4.Which of the following shows the structure of the whole text?

　　(P：Paragraph)

　　【主旨大意】 本文介紹了當今咖啡樹種植的變化——由傳統的遮陰種植變為陽光種植，給當地和全球的自然環境帶來了破壞性的影響，作者呼吁人們吃傳統方式種植的咖啡，以保護環境。

　　1．【答案】B

　　【解析】細節理解題。第四段倒數第二句“studies show that the loss of oxygen-giving trees also leads to air pollution and global warming”表明全陽光的咖啡生產導致樹木的供氧，從而導致空氣的污染和全球變暖。A 項、C 項、D項均與本段不符，故選 B項。

　　2．【答案】D

　　【解析】推理判斷題。文章最后一段講到了作者的態度“But consumers do have a choice.They can purchase shade-grown coffee…The future of the planet and mankind is surely worth more than an inexpensive cup of coffee.”作者呼吁消費者購買遮陰生產的咖啡，哪怕多花一點錢。由此可知D項正確，persuade意為“說服”。A項entertain意為“娛樂；招待”，B 項 advertise意為“做廣告”，C項instruct意為“指導”。

　　3．【答案】A

　　【解析】推理判斷題。本文講的是咖啡樹的種植和咖啡的生產，與農業有關，故選 A項。

　　4．【答案】A

　　【解析】文章結構題。本文的結構：“總——分 ——總”，第一段是總體介紹，第二至第四段是分論點，段落主題詞分別是“on a local level”， “on a more global level, both locally and globally，” 第三段是作者的態度和倡議。故選A項。

　　B

　　Pierre is a 25-year-old penguin at the California Academy of Sciences. Due to his old age，he was going bald，which made him feel too cold to swim in the pool. Therefore, biologists at the academy had a wetsuit created for this penguin to help him get back in the swimming pool.

　　Unlike marine(海生的)

　　mammals，which have a layer of blubber(鯨脂) to keep them

　　warm，penguins depend on their waterproof feathers. Without them，Pierre was unwilling to jump into the swimming pool and ended up trembling on the side of the pool while his 19 peers played in the water.

　　“He was cold：he would shake，”said Pam Schaller，a senior biologist. Schaller first tried a heat lamp to keep Pierre warm. Then she got another idea: if wetsuits keep humans warm in the cold Pacific，why not make one for Pierre?

　　Schaller designed the suit，which covered Pierre's body and had small openings for his flippers.

　　“I would walk behind him and look at where there were any gaps, and cut and refit until it looked like it was extremely suitable.”she said.

　　One concern was that the other penguins would reject Pierre in his new suit，but in fact，they accepted his new look. He swam freely and got along with others well，although he was the only penguin with a black stomach.

　　Schaller couldn't say for sure whether the wetsuit allowed Pierre to recover his fine feathers，but “certainly we were able to keep him comfortable during a period of time that would have been very difficult for him to stay comfortable.”

　　Pierre will take off his suit after his new feathers grow back.

　　()5.Pierre felt too cold to swim in the pool because of________.

　　A．not having a layer of blubber

　　B．having few feathers due to old age

　　C．having no wetsuit

　　D．others penguins rejecting him

　　()6. The idea of making a wetsuit for Pierre came from________.

　　A．total invention

　　B．the use of wetsuit on humans

　　C．the use of heat lamp

　　D．waterproof feathers

　　()7. Schaller followed Pierre in order to see________.

　　A．whether other penguins would reject him

　　B．if anywhere of wetsuit needed to be cut and refit

　　C．if the wetsuit kept warm

　　D．whether the wetsuit would keep the feathers from recovering

　　()8. The best title for the passage is“________”.

　　A．Wetsuit for An Old Penguin

　　B．Old Penguin Getting Bald

　　C．Unwilling to Swim

　　D．Strange Look of Pierre

　　【主旨大意】人們印象中，企鵝應該不怕冷。而生活在美國加利福尼亞州舊金山加州科學院水族館的一只斑嘴環企鵝，由于羽毛脫落而無法忍受冰冷的池水。為此，加州科學院研究人員特地為這只企鵝穿上“防寒服”，讓它能夠與同伴一樣在水中游泳嬉戲。

　　5．【答案】B

　　【解析】細節理解題。文章第一段說明了Pierre怕冷的原因“Due to his old age, he was going bald, which made him feel too cold to swim in the pool.”由于他的年齡，他是禿頭，這使他感覺太冷而不能在游泳池里游泳。故選B。

　　6．【答案】B

　　【解析】細節理解題。文章第三段講述了Pam想出這個辦法的過程“Then she got another idea: if wetsuits keep humans warm in the cold Pacific, why not make one for Pierre？”然后她得到另一個想法：雨衣讓人類在寒冷的太平洋保持溫暖，為什么不為Pierre做一件呢？因此可知選B。

　　7．【答案】B

　　【解析】細節理解題。文章第五段說明了Pam跟蹤Pierre的原因“I would walk behind him and look at where there were any gaps, and cut and refit and cut and refit until it looked like it was extremely suitable”我將在他后面走路，看看有沒有任何空隙。改裝、裁剪、再改裝，直到它看起來它別的合適。因此可知選B。

　　8．【答案】A

　　【解析】主旨大意題。全篇講述的是生物學家給一只老企鵝做保暖夾克，幫它重返泳池的故事。因此A項正確。

　?、?書面表達

　　(2024陜西西安第七十中學11月檢測)

　　你校正在進行“英語論壇周”活動，請以“To Be a Popular Student”為題，就以下三方面提出要成為一名受歡迎學生應具備的素質，用英語寫一篇100～120詞的短文參加該主題的討論。

　　1．對待集體； 2.對待他人； 3.對待自己。

　　注意：短文的開頭已給出(不計詞數)。