課時(shí)規(guī)范訓(xùn)練(單獨(dú)成冊(cè))

　　訓(xùn)練(五)

　　Ⅰ.閱讀理解(共兩節(jié))

　　第一節(jié)　閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C、D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

　　The extraordinary Eastgate Building in Harare，Zimbabwe’s capital city，is said to be the only one in the world to use the same cooling and heating principles as the termite mound (白蟻堆)．

　　Architect Mick Pearce used precisely the same strategy when designing the Eastgate Building，which has no air-conditioning and almost no heating. The building—the country’s largest commercial and shopping complex—uses less than 10% of the energy of a conventional building of its size.The Eastgate’s owners saved $3.5 million on a $36 million building because an air-conditioning equipment didn’t have to be imported.

　　The complex is actually two buildings linked by bridges across a shady，glass-roofed atrium (天井) open to the air.Fans suck fresh air in from the atrium，blow it upstairs through hollow spaces under the floors and from there into each office through baseboard vents (通風(fēng)口)．As it rises and warms，it is drawn out via ceiling vents and finally exists through forty-eight brick chimneys.

　　During summer’s cool nights，big fans blow air through the building seven times an hour to cool the empty floors.By day，smaller fans blow two changes of air an hour through the building，to circulate the air which has been in contact with the cool floors.For winter days，there are small heaters in the vents.

　　This is all possible only because Harare is 1,600 feet above sea level，has cloudless skies，little dampness and rapid temperature changes—days as warm as 31℃ commonly drop to 14℃ at night.“You couldn’t do this in New York，with its hot summers and fantastically cold winters，” Pearce said.

　　The engineering firm of Ove Arup & Partners monitors daily temperatures.It is found that the temperature of the building has generally stayed between 23℃ and 25℃，with the exception of the annual hot period just before the summer rains in October and three days in November，when a doorkeeper accidentally switched off the fans at night.And the air is fresh—far more so than in air-conditioned buildings，where up to 30% of the air is recycled.

　　【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】　本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，屬于科普類(lèi)短文閱讀。文章講的是新型的建筑Eastgate，它比傳統(tǒng)的建筑省錢(qián)，因?yàn)椴恍枰b空調(diào)，它是利用天井和風(fēng)扇把外面新鮮空氣吸到辦公室里面，這樣空氣即新鮮又經(jīng)濟(jì)。

　　1．Why was Eastgate cheaper to be built than a conventional building?

　　A．It was designed in a smaller size.

　　B．No air conditioners were fixed in.

　　C．Its heating system was less advanced.

　　D．It used rather different building materials.

　　解析：選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第二段中的“The Eastgate’s owners saved $3.5 million on a $36 million building because an air-conditioning equipment didn’t have to be imported.”可知，Eastgate比傳統(tǒng)的建筑便宜，因?yàn)樗恍枰b空調(diào)。故選B。

　　2．What does “it” refer to in Paragraph 3?

　　A．Hollow space. B．Baseboard vent.

　　C．Fresh air from outside. D．Heat in the building.

　　解析：選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第三段中的“Fans suck fresh air in from the atrium，blow it upstairs through hollow spaces under the floors and from there into each office through baseboard vents (通風(fēng)口)．”可知，新鮮空氣通過(guò)通風(fēng)口，另外讓它上升變暖，最后被煙囪從天花板吸走，可知這里的it指“新鮮空氣”。故選C。

　　3．Why would a building like Eastgate Not work efficiently in New York?

　　gkxx.comA．New York has less clear skies as Harare.

　　B．Its dampness affects the circulation of air.

　　高中學(xué)習(xí)網(wǎng) www.gkxx.comC．New York covers a larger area than Harare.

　　D．Its temperature changes seasonally rather than daily.

　　解析：選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“This is all possible only because Harare is 1,600 feet above sea level，has cloudless skies，little dampness and rapid temperature changes—days as warm as 31℃ commonly drop to 14℃ at night.‘You couldn’t do this in New York，with its hot summers and fantastically cold winters，’”得知，只有一定海拔高度，并且白天氣溫30度而夜晚氣溫14度的條件才能實(shí)現(xiàn)，而紐約的天氣是季節(jié)變化而不是需要的那種特殊天氣。故選D。

　　4．The data in the last paragraph suggests Eastgate’s temperature control system

　　.

　　A．works better in hot seasons

　　B．can recycle up to 30% of the air

　　C．functions well for most of the year

　　D．a(chǎn)llows a wide range of temperatures

　　解析：選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“It is found that the temperature of the building has generally stayed between 23℃ and 25℃，with the exception of the annual hot period just before the summer rains in October and three days in November，when a doorkeeper accidentally switched off the fans at night.”得知，建筑物內(nèi)的溫度保持在23到25度，除10月與11月的雨季之外。所以這個(gè)系統(tǒng)一年的大部分時(shí)間都能用。故選C。

　　第二節(jié)　根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

　　Coconut oil has become popular as healthier oil in cooking，cleaning and even as part of a natural beauty product.At room temperature except in warmer climates，it hardens，but naturally becomes liquid as the temperature rises.1.

　　學(xué)習(xí)網(wǎng)Healthy fat is an important part of the diet，and coconut oil is one source of the healthy fat.Coconut oil is also nature’s richest source of medium-chain fatty acids (脂肪酸)．This oil’s health benefits include，but are not limited to，improving heart health，helping chemical reactions on our body，keeping a healthy weight，helping weight loss and supporting the immune system.2.

　　Coconut oil is all-natural and does not contain the chemicals you will find in most shampoos and body washes.It is a wonderful body wash that can be applied directly to your skin to keep your skin wet.3.

　　Using it in your mouth for twenty minutes is a much better method of cleaning

　　the entire mouth and removing bacteria.

　　Strong chemical cleaners are not safe or healthy for you，your family or the environment.4.

　　It can be used to clean and shine furniture or leather.You can even use coconut oil as a spot remover.

　　5．

　　Do you use it for cooking，cleaning or as a natural beauty product?

　　A．It can also take the place of mouth-wash.

　　B．Instead，clean with greener methods，like coconut oil.

　　C．There are a number of health benefits of using this oil in your daily life.

　　D．How do you use coconut oil in everyday life?

　　E．Coconut oil removes more bacteria.

　　F．So you can replace most of your cooking oils with coconut oil for better health.

　　G．It can change our immune system.

　　【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】　本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。椰子油在近些年逐漸進(jìn)入大眾視野，其無(wú)論是在烹飪、清潔，甚至美容等方面都具有巨大作用。本文就這一話(huà)題做了相應(yīng)介紹。

　　1．解析：選C。該空位于首段斷尾，首段往往起到對(duì)正文主旨的一個(gè)概況作用，再根據(jù)下文是在解釋其有利作用可以看出，所以該空要起到承上啟下的作用。故選C項(xiàng)。

　　2．解析：選F。本段介紹了椰子油在食用上具有健康功效的作用。故選F。

　　3．解析：選A。本段后文寫(xiě)的“Using it in your mouth for twenty minutes is a much better method of cleaning the entire mouth and removing bacteria.”具有美膚功效的作用。故選A項(xiàng)。

　　4．解析：選B。本段介紹了椰子油的清潔功能，所以在備選項(xiàng)當(dāng)中只有B項(xiàng)符合題意。

　　5．解析：選D。該空所在段的斷尾是一個(gè)問(wèn)句，只有D項(xiàng)也是問(wèn)句，保持了句式的一致性。

　　Ⅱ.完形填空

　　閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

　　(2024·山東文登市高三模擬)At the edge of a forest，stood a big tree.Its branches spread out majestically (莊嚴(yán)地) and so did its roots.It

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　　people from the sun under its shady leaves，and provided

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　　to countless birds and other small creatures in its branches.It was very excited with activity all the time.

　　At the foot of the tree grew a little plant.The plant was tall，thin，graceful and easily

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　　，and tended to fall over at the

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　　of the slightest wind.

　　One day，the two neighbours were having a little chat.

　　“Well，little one，” said the tree to the plant，“Why do you not plant your feet deeply in the ground，and raise your head

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　　in the air as I do？”

　　“I see no need to do so，”

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　　the plant with a smile.“

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　　，I think I may be safer this way.”

　　“Safer！” Sneered (譏諷) the tree.“ Are you

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　　that you’re safer than I am？Do you know how deep my roots are

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　　，how thick and strong my trunk is?

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　　two men hold hands they would not be able to surround my trunk.Who could possibly pull me out by the roots or

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　　my head to the ground？”

　　And the tree turned away from the plant in

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　　.

　　But the tree was to

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　　its words very soon.One evening a great hurricane

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　　in the region.It threw the trees off their roots and almost completely destroyed the forest.It uprooted the tree and

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　　it away with great force.

　　When the storm had passed，the villagers living nearby

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　　the damage.Strong trees that had once almost touched the sky，were now reduced to stumps (殘根)or

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　　.The dead animals were found everywhere in the

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　　.

　　But there was one

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　　.The little plant.The plant had been moved from side to side under the hurricane，and bent completely.But when the hurricane ended，it sighed and stood upright again.

　　No trace remained of its powerful neighbour

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　　.

　　【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】　本文是一篇記敘文。文章闡述了一顆粗壯高大的大樹(shù)和瘦小低矮的小植物之間的故事。大樹(shù)向小植物炫耀它粗壯的枝干和深固的樹(shù)根，大樹(shù)認(rèn)為自己比小植物強(qiáng)壯安全。但是小植物卻不以為然。果然，當(dāng)颶風(fēng)來(lái)臨，大樹(shù)被連根拔起，小植物卻安然無(wú)恙。

　　1．A.hide　

　　B．protect

　　C．prevent

　　D．defend

　　gkxx.com解析：選B。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。hide“隱藏”；protect“保護(hù)”；prevent“預(yù)防”；defend“保衛(wèi)”。protect...from“保護(hù)……免受傷害”。故選B。

　　2．A.shade B．food

　　C．shelter D．space

　　解析：選C。考查名詞辨析。shade“樹(shù)蔭”；food“食物”；shelter“庇護(hù)所”；space“空間”。大樹(shù)用它的枝干為鳥(niǎo)兒們提供了一個(gè)庇護(hù)所。故選C。

　　3．A.broken B．destroyed

　　C．grown D．planted

　　解析：選A。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。break“折斷；打碎”；destroy“破壞”；grow“生長(zhǎng)”；plant“種植”。小植物是很容易被折斷的。故選A。

　　4．A.reach B．blow

　　C．touch D．knock

　　解析：選B。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。reach“夠……”；blow“風(fēng)吹”；touch“觸動(dòng)”；knock“敲”。后文說(shuō)slightest wind，所以這里是指風(fēng)吹。故選B。

　　5．A.bravely B．straightly

　　C．gratefully D．delightedly

　　解析：選A。考查副詞辨析。bravely“勇敢地”；straightly“筆直地”；gratefully“感激地”；delightedly“高興地”。大樹(shù)對(duì)小植物說(shuō)要像它一樣將頭勇敢地伸到空中。故選A。

　　6．A.explained B．shouted

　　C．said D．whispered

　　解析：選D。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。explain“解釋”；shout“喊叫”；say“說(shuō)”；whisper“低聲地說(shuō)”。根據(jù)句意這里表達(dá)的是小植物很謙卑，所以是帶著微笑低聲地說(shuō)。故選D。

　　7．A.Gradually B．Actually

　　C．Generally D．Finally

　　解析：選B。考查副詞辨析。gradually“逐漸地”；actually“實(shí)際上”；generally“通常”；finally“最終”。小植物覺(jué)得自己很安全，所以此處意為“實(shí)際上”。故選B。

　　8．A.concluding B．finding

　　C．guessing D．suggesting

　　解析：選D。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。conclude“得出結(jié)論”；find“發(fā)現(xiàn)”；guess“猜測(cè)”；suggest“暗示；提議”。大樹(shù)說(shuō)“你是在暗示你比我安全嗎？”。故選D。

　　9．A.placed B．hidden

　　C．buried D．planted

　　解析：選C。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。place“放置”；hide“隱藏”；bury“埋葬；埋”；plant“種植”。植物的根是埋在地下的。故選C。

　　10．A.Even if B．Although

　　C．Because D．When

　　解析：選A。考查連詞辨析。even if“即使；雖然”；although“雖然；盡管”；because“因?yàn)椤保粀hen“當(dāng)……時(shí)”。文中的意思是“即使兩個(gè)人拉著手也抱不住我的樹(shù)干”。故選A。

　　11．A.put B．bow

　　C．lead D．get

　　解析：選B。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。put“放”；bow“鞠躬，彎曲”；lead“導(dǎo)致”；get“成為”。把我的頭彎到地上。故選B。

　　12．A.anger B．surprise

　　C．belief D．relief

　　解析：選A。考查名詞辨析。anger“憤怒”；surprise“驚奇”；belief“信賴(lài)；相信”；relief“安慰；解除；減輕；救濟(jì)”。大樹(shù)生氣地轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)頭。故選A。

　　13．A.keep B．regret

　　C．break D．follow

　　解析：選B。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。keep“保持”；regret“后悔”；break“打破”；follow“跟隨”。文中出現(xiàn)了轉(zhuǎn)折，大樹(shù)為自己說(shuō)的話(huà)感到后悔，因?yàn)殡S后的颶風(fēng)摧毀了大樹(shù)。故選B。

　　14．A.blew B．reached

　　C．a(chǎn)rose D．a(chǎn)ppeared

　　解析：選C。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。blow“吹”；reach“到達(dá)”；arise“出現(xiàn)；上升”；appear“出現(xiàn)，顯現(xiàn)”。hurricane

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　　in the region颶風(fēng)出現(xiàn)在這個(gè)地區(qū)。故選C。

　　15．A.turned

　　B．pushed

　　C．threw D．blew

　　$來(lái)&源：gkxx.com解析：選C。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。turn“轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)”；push“推”；throw“丟棄”；blow“吹”。threw away“扔掉；丟棄”。颶風(fēng)將大樹(shù)連根拔起并丟棄在一旁。故選C。

　　16．A.counted B．saw

　　C．observed D．surveyed

　　高中學(xué)習(xí)網(wǎng) www.gkxx.com解析：選D。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。count“認(rèn)為”；see“看見(jiàn)”；observe“觀(guān)察”；survey“調(diào)查”。颶風(fēng)過(guò)后，村民們調(diào)查了村里的情況。故選D。

　　17．A.worse B．more

　　C．less D．better

　　解析：選A。考查形容詞辨析。worse“更壞”；more“更多”；less“更少”；better“更好”。或者情況更糟糕。故選A。

　　18．A.tree B．forest

　　C．plant D．plain

　　解析：選B。考查名詞辨析。tree“樹(shù)”；forest“森林”；plant“植物”；plain“平原”。動(dòng)物的尸體在森林里到處都是。故選B。

　　19．A.plant B．example