選 修 7

　　Units 3～

　　寫作進行時——圖表、圖畫作文

　　一、圖表作文

　　[技巧點撥]

　　Ⅰ.寫作要點

　　縱觀近幾年的高考書面表達試題，圖表類作文是當今高考英語書面表達的常考題型之一，此類題型要求考生根據數據進行分析與討論，得出令人信服的結論，或者對這一結論進行評價。

　　A．柱狀圖作為直觀形象展示數據變化的手段之一，常常在高考英語書面表達試題中出現。而柱狀類議論文要求考生要具備一定的數據分析能力，要能夠通過對寬度相等的柱形的高度的比較來判斷事物的動態發展趨勢。

　　B．英語曲線圖作文實際是一篇“解說詞”，即通過曲線圖提供的信息，分析圖中數據，綜合推斷出文章的主題。

　　C．解答此類試題時，要認真觀察坐標系信息，抓住變化趨勢，結合提供的時間和數據參照尋求切入點。然后根據變化過程，盡可能利用所給的文字信息進行分類、比較、總結。

　　另外，寫作過程中不必要將圖中全部數據信息加以描述，只需將典型內容加以分析。

　　Ⅱ.寫作模板

　　As is shown by the figure/percentage in the table/picture，________has been on rise/decrease, significantly/dramatically rising/decreasing from________in________to________in________. From the sharp rise/decline in the chart, it goes without saying that________.

　　There are at least two good reasons accounting for________. On(the)one hand，________. On the other hand，________is due to the fact that________. In addition，________is responsible for________. Maybe there are some other reasons to show________. But it is generally believed that the reasons mentioned above are commonly convincing.

　　As far as I am concerned, I hold the point of view that________.I am sure my opinion is both sound and well-grounded.

　　[習作點評]

　　以下是某英文報聯合你校對你市(Kangming City)1998年到2010年家庭消費變化的圖表，請據此寫一篇短文，作為文字說明。詞數120～150。

　　The average family income in our Kangming City increased from 8,000 yuan per year in 1998 to 20,000 yuan in 2010. In the meantime, the structure of the average family expenses has_been_changed,_too. 【此處應該使用現在完成時的主動形式has changed。】These graphs show the change clearly.

　　The biggest part of the average family expenses is housing. In 1998, the average family spent 25 percent of its income on housing. In_2010,_expenses_on_housing_rose_to_42_percent. 【在該句前應該使用While表示前后兩種情況的對比。】Food and drink is the second biggest part of the average family expenses. In 1998, about 18% of the average income was spent on this item. In_2010,_the_figure_grew_by_30%.【在此句前應該添加Whereas表示對比，同時又與前面的while不同，顯示用詞表達的多樣性。】As a result of such increase in the expenses on housing and food, expenses on other items have reduced from 57% in 1998 to 28% in 2010.

　　Thus, a conclusion can_draw that as income increases, people can improve their living steps. 【此處應該使用被動語態can be drawn。】

　　二、圖畫作文

　　Ⅰ.寫作要點

　　圖畫作文一般可以分三段來描述。第一段用來描述圖畫并揭示其寓意(寓意一般用一句話來概括就可以)，第二段分析原因，最后一段發表評論或提出建議，其中第二、三段應該是寫作的重點。具體來說，應注意以下幾點：

　　1．看清漫畫的標題。

　　2．仔細觀察漫畫，弄清畫面的含義，抓住畫面的主題。

　　3．仔細品味漫畫的語言文字，認真思考其中所隱含的觀點。

　　4．根據畫面內容，進行合理想像。

　　5．認真安排內容，布局謀篇。

　　Ⅱ.常用句式

　　1．開頭

　　Look at the picture/The picture shows that.../From the picture, we can see.../As is shown in the picture.../As is seen in the picture.../ As is described in the picture... / The purpose of the picture is to show us that.../The picture indicates / conveys the meaning that...

　　2．銜接句

　　As

　　we

　　all

　　know，.../As

　　is

　　known

　　to

　　all.../In

　　my opinion，.../As far as I am concerned，.../This sight reminds me of something in my daily life.

　　3．結尾句

　　In conclusion.../In brief.../On the whole.../In short.../ In a word，.../Generally speaking，.../As has been stated...

　　[習作點評]

　　為喚起大家的交通安全意識，假如某中學英語報社就下面的圖畫舉行征文活動。請你根據下面的信息提示寫一篇詞數為120～150的英語短文參加比賽。

　　這幅漫畫想告訴我們什么？你有何感想？

　　In the cartoon, we can see a man make a phone call is driving his car crazily past two people. 【make a phone call作a man的定語，應用making。】At the sight of the scene, one of them said he did the same thing as the driver before.【此處應該使用過去完成時had done。】Obviously, the badly injured man felt very sorrow_and_regret about what he had done.【此處應該分別使用形容詞形式“sorrowful and regretful”。】What the cartoon implies is that we should never neglect the traffic safety rules，and we would regret all the life.【此處要用or表示轉折關系。】

　　On seeing the cartoon，I can't help remind people to observe the traffic rules strictly.【此處要用can't help doing這一短語結構表示“情不自禁”。】For one thing, it concerns the safety and happiness of all the people, _either you are a driver or a pedestrian. 【此處要用whether...or...連接狀語從句。】For another, we should enforce the punishment to the traffic-rule-breakers, make them fully understand the great value of observing the rules. 【此處用現在分詞短語making...作目的狀語。】

　　[跟蹤演練]

　　1　(2011·湖南)

　　假設你參加所在年級的英文寫作比賽，請按如下要求完成一篇短文：

　　1．簡要描述下圖內容，并點明主題；

　　2．聯系實際，表達該圖帶給你的啟示。

　　注意：

　　1．詞數不少于120個；

　　2．不能使用真實姓名和學校名稱。

　　____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

　　參考范文：

　　As is illustrated in the picture，one drop of water does not make a sea; one tree does not make a forest；one person does not make a society.It tells us that in our society two heads are better than one and unity is strength. Nowadays there are still many poor students.They can not afford to go to school.Luckily，many people and organizations donate a lot of money to help them receive college education smoothly.

　　In a word，we should offer our help and love to the persons in need.I believe that if every one of us can give help and love to others，the relationship between people will be harmonious and our society will be a better place for us to live in.

　　2　(2011·江蘇)

　　上面這幅照片展現了女兒為回家的媽媽拿包的情景。請根據你對這幅照片的理解用英語寫一篇短文。

　　你的短文應包含以下內容：

　　1． 描述照片內容，如情景、人物、動作，等等；

　　2． 結合自身實際，談談你的感想；

　　3． 舉例說明你能為家長減負做些什么。

　　注意：1.可參照圖中文字及下面文章開頭所給提示，作必要的發揮想象。

　　2．詞數150左右。開頭已經寫好，不計入總詞數。

　　3．作文中不得提及考生所在學校和本人姓名。

　　The burden of students has been a hot topic for years，but the load of parents has received little attention，especially from their own children._______________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

　　參考范文：

　　The burden of students has been a hot topic for years, but the load of parents has received little attention, especially from their own children.

　　The picture shows us a touching moment when a little girl comes to greet her working mom.Realizing her mom must be very tired after a day's work, the girl helps to remove the bag from her shoulder. In response, the mom kneels down to show how happy and thankful she feels.

　　All this reminds me of my mother who has been doing whatever she could to let me have the best. But，totally engaged in my own study，I seldom pay attention to what mother needs and feels, and always think studying well is the only thing I could do in return. Now I know I can do my bit to help with the everyday washing, bedroom cleaning, or at least prepare breakfast myself，so as to share my mother's daily burden. The

　　picture convinces me it is even more important to be a good daughter than a “good” student.

　　選 修 7

　　Units 3～

　　寫作進行時——圖表、圖畫作文

　　一、圖表作文

　　[技巧點撥]

　　Ⅰ.寫作要點

　　縱觀近幾年的高考書面表達試題，圖表類作文是當今高考英語書面表達的常考題型之一，此類題型要求考生根據數據進行分析與討論，得出令人信服的結論，或者對這一結論進行評價。

　　A．柱狀圖作為直觀形象展示數據變化的手段之一，常常在高考英語書面表達試題中出現。而柱狀類議論文要求考生要具備一定的數據分析能力，要能夠通過對寬度相等的柱形的高度的比較來判斷事物的動態發展趨勢。

　　B．英語曲線圖作文實際是一篇“解說詞”，即通過曲線圖提供的信息，分析圖中數據，綜合推斷出文章的主題。

　　C．解答此類試題時，要認真觀察坐標系信息，抓住變化趨勢，結合提供的時間和數據參照尋求切入點。然后根據變化過程，盡可能利用所給的文字信息進行分類、比較、總結。

　　另外，寫作過程中不必要將圖中全部數據信息加以描述，只需將典型內容加以分析。

　　Ⅱ.寫作模板

　　As is shown by the figure/percentage in the table/picture，________has been on rise/decrease, significantly/dramatically rising/decreasing from________in________to________in________. From the sharp rise/decline in the chart, it goes without saying that________.

　　There are at least two good reasons accounting for________. On(the)one hand，________. On the other hand，________is due to the fact that________. In addition，________is responsible for________. Maybe there are some other reasons to show________. But it is generally believed that the reasons mentioned above are commonly convincing.

　　As far as I am concerned, I hold the point of view that________.I am sure my opinion is both sound and well-grounded.

　　[習作點評]

　　以下是某英文報聯合你校對你市(Kangming City)1998年到2010年家庭消費變化的圖表，請據此寫一篇短文，作為文字說明。詞數120～150。

　　The average family income in our Kangming City increased from 8,000 yuan per year in 1998 to 20,000 yuan in 2010. In the meantime, the structure of the average family expenses has_been_changed,_too. 【此處應該使用現在完成時的主動形式has changed。】These graphs show the change clearly.

　　The biggest part of the average family expenses is housing. In 1998, the average family spent 25 percent of its income on housing. In_2010,_expenses_on_housing_rose_to_42_percent. 【在該句前應該使用While表示前后兩種情況的對比。】Food and drink is the second biggest part of the average family expenses. In 1998, about 18% of the average income was spent on this item. In_2010,_the_figure_grew_by_30%.【在此句前應該添加Whereas表示對比，同時又與前面的while不同，顯示用詞表達的多樣性。】As a result of such increase in the expenses on housing and food, expenses on other items have reduced from 57% in 1998 to 28% in 2010.

　　Thus, a conclusion can_draw that as income increases, people can improve their living steps. 【此處應該使用被動語態can be drawn。】

　　二、圖畫作文

　　Ⅰ.寫作要點

　　圖畫作文一般可以分三段來描述。第一段用來描述圖畫并揭示其寓意(寓意一般用一句話來概括就可以)，第二段分析原因，最后一段發表評論或提出建議，其中第二、三段應該是寫作的重點。具體來說，應注意以下幾點：

　　1．看清漫畫的標題。

　　2．仔細觀察漫畫，弄清畫面的含義，抓住畫面的主題。

　　3．仔細品味漫畫的語言文字，認真思考其中所隱含的觀點。

　　4．根據畫面內容，進行合理想像。

　　5．認真安排內容，布局謀篇。

　　Ⅱ.常用句式

　　1．開頭

　　Look at the picture/The picture shows that.../From the picture, we can see.../As is shown in the picture.../As is seen in the picture.../ As is described in the picture... / The purpose of the picture is to show us that.../The picture indicates / conveys the meaning that...

　　2．銜接句

　　As

　　we

　　all

　　know，.../As

　　is

　　known

　　to

　　all.../In

　　my opinion，.../As far as I am concerned，.../This sight reminds me of something in my daily life.

　　3．結尾句

　　In conclusion.../In brief.../On the whole.../In short.../ In a word，.../Generally speaking，.../As has been stated...

　　[習作點評]

　　為喚起大家的交通安全意識，假如某中學英語報社就下面的圖畫舉行征文活動。請你根據下面的信息提示寫一篇詞數為120～150的英語短文參加比賽。

　　這幅漫畫想告訴我們什么？你有何感想？

　　In the cartoon, we can see a man make a phone call is driving his car crazily past two people. 【make a phone call作a man的定語，應用making。】At the sight of the scene, one of them said he did the same thing as the driver before.【此處應該使用過去完成時had done。】Obviously, the badly injured man felt very sorrow_and_regret about what he had done.【此處應該分別使用形容詞形式“sorrowful and regretful”。】What the cartoon implies is that we should never neglect the traffic safety rules，and we would regret all the life.【此處要用or表示轉折關系。】

　　On seeing the cartoon，I can't help remind people to observe the traffic rules strictly.【此處要用can't help doing這一短語結構表示“情不自禁”。】For one thing, it concerns the safety and happiness of all the people, _either you are a driver or a pedestrian. 【此處要用whether...or...連接狀語從句。】For another, we should enforce the punishment to the traffic-rule-breakers, make them fully understand the great value of observing the rules. 【此處用現在分詞短語making...作目的狀語。】

　　[跟蹤演練]

　　1　(2011·湖南)

　　假設你參加所在年級的英文寫作比賽，請按如下要求完成一篇短文：

　　1．簡要描述下圖內容，并點明主題；

　　2．聯系實際，表達該圖帶給你的啟示。

　　注意：

　　1．詞數不少于120個；

　　2．不能使用真實姓名和學校名稱。

　　____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

　　參考范文：

　　As is illustrated in the picture，one drop of water does not make a sea; one tree does not make a forest；one person does not make a society.It tells us that in our society two heads are better than one and unity is strength. Nowadays there are still many poor students.They can not afford to go to school.Luckily，many people and organizations donate a lot of money to help them receive college education smoothly.

　　In a word，we should offer our help and love to the persons in need.I believe that if every one of us can give help and love to others，the relationship between people will be harmonious and our society will be a better place for us to live in.

　　2　(2011·江蘇)

　　上面這幅照片展現了女兒為回家的媽媽拿包的情景。請根據你對這幅照片的理解用英語寫一篇短文。

　　你的短文應包含以下內容：

　　1． 描述照片內容，如情景、人物、動作，等等；

　　2． 結合自身實際，談談你的感想；

　　3． 舉例說明你能為家長減負做些什么。

　　注意：1.可參照圖中文字及下面文章開頭所給提示，作必要的發揮想象。

　　2．詞數150左右。開頭已經寫好，不計入總詞數。

　　3．作文中不得提及考生所在學校和本人姓名。

　　The burden of students has been a hot topic for years，but the load of parents has received little attention，especially from their own children._______________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

　　參考范文：

　　The burden of students has been a hot topic for years, but the load of parents has received little attention, especially from their own children.

　　The picture shows us a touching moment when a little girl comes to greet her working mom.Realizing her mom must be very tired after a day's work, the girl helps to remove the bag from her shoulder. In response, the mom kneels down to show how happy and thankful she feels.

　　All this reminds me of my mother who has been doing whatever she could to let me have the best. But，totally engaged in my own study，I seldom pay attention to what mother needs and feels, and always think studying well is the only thing I could do in return. Now I know I can do my bit to help with the everyday washing, bedroom cleaning, or at least prepare breakfast myself，so as to share my mother's daily burden. The

　　picture convinces me it is even more important to be a good daughter than a “good” student.