2．單項(xiàng)填空

　　Not only I and Mary but also Jane ________ having one exam after another.

　　A．is tired of B．a(chǎn)re tired of

　　C．is tired with

　　D．a(chǎn)re tired with

　　[解析] A　be tired of厭倦，厭煩；be tired with 因……而疲勞；not only…but also句型的主謂遵循就近一致的原則，故該句話的主語為Jane。

　　第24講 │ 句型透視

　　第24講 │ 跟蹤訓(xùn)練

　　跟蹤訓(xùn)練 Ⅰ.單詞拼寫 1．The m________decided to use camels to carry his goods across the desert. 2．The s________ of six months in prison was most unjust. 3．The girl has been waiting in the rain for 2 hours, only to get a ________ (簽名) of a pop star she likes. 4．The newly-elected president _________ (著手做) everything that he got. 5．People on high incomes face a huge tax ________ (負(fù)擔(dān)).

　　erchant

　　entence signature undertook burden Ⅱ.選詞填空 用下面短語的適當(dāng)形式填空。 　well off; come into being; be sentenced to death; 　 　knock into; show off　 1．The old woman burst into tears when she heard her son _____________________.

　　2．The young boy likes _________how well he speaks French.

　　3．Dinosaurs lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago, long before humans _______________.

　　第24講 │ 跟蹤訓(xùn)練

　　was sentenced to death showing off came into being 4．The young man rode his motorbike so fast that he nearly ____________a boy on the street.

　　5．Don't waste your sympathy on them. They are much ________than you and I.

　　第24講 │ 跟蹤訓(xùn)練

　　knocked into better off Ⅲ.單項(xiàng)填空 1．They were lost at the sea, ________ wind and weather.

　　A．a(chǎn)t the price ofB．a(chǎn)t the sight of

　　C．a(chǎn)t the mercy of

　　D．a(chǎn)t the bottom of

　　[解析] C　此題考查短語at the mercy of(任由……的擺布)。 第24講 │ 跟蹤訓(xùn)練

　　2．It is said that the judge will ________ Tom, a cruel murderer, ________.

　　A．sentence; to die

　　B．sentence; to dying

　　C．sentence; to dead

　　D．sentence; to death

　　[解析] D　考查sentence的短語。sentence sb.to death為固定短語，意思是“宣判死刑”。 第24講 │ 跟蹤訓(xùn)練

　　3．The new timetable will come into ________ next month.

　　A．effect 　 　B．plan　 　C．serviceD．system

　　[解析] A　考查動(dòng)詞短語搭配。come into effect是固定詞組，意為“生效；實(shí)施”。 第24講 │ 跟蹤訓(xùn)練

　　4．—Did you enjoy the movie?

　　—Sure, it is ________ a beautiful country town with a variety of cultures.

　　A．put on

　　B．set in

　　C．taken on

　　D．got in

　　[解析] B　考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意為：“你喜歡這部電影嗎？”“當(dāng)然，這部電影以一個(gè)有各種文化的鄉(xiāng)村城鎮(zhèn)為背景?！眀e set in以……為背景。 第24講 │ 跟蹤訓(xùn)練

　　5．Under good treatment, she is beginning to ________ and will soon come back to work.

　　A．pick up

　　B．wake up

　　C．grow up

　　D．show up

　　[解析] A　考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。wake up喚醒； grow up生長；show up 出現(xiàn)。由句意知，這里表示“身體恢復(fù)健康”，只有pick up 有此意。 第24講 │ 跟蹤訓(xùn)練

　　6．He was in such a hurry that he almost ________ the old man.

　　A．knocked at

　　B．knocked into

　　C．knocked off

　　D．knocked on

　　[解析] B　短語辨析題。knock into撞到某人身上。knock on, knock at意思是輕輕敲擊；knock off意為敲落。 第24講 │ 跟蹤訓(xùn)練

　　7．At 30 we need to ________ to our lives and shed from fantasies.

　　A．set down

　　B．put down

　　C．devote to

　　D．settle down

　　[解析] D　考查短語辨析。句意：在30歲時(shí)，我們需要丟掉幻想，踏實(shí)生活。settle down to our lives安頓下來開始生活。set down記下；put down鎮(zhèn)壓；devote to 貢獻(xiàn)。 第24講 │ 跟蹤訓(xùn)練

　　8．Many relationships ________ because of wrong speech.

　　A．break off

　　B．break down

　　C．break into

　　D．break out

　　[解析] A　本題考查短語辨析。break off折斷，斷絕關(guān)系，中斷談話； break down出故障，身體出毛??；break into闖入；break out爆發(fā)。 第24講 │ 跟蹤訓(xùn)練

　　9．—It's getting dark. My son hasn't returned home.

　　— ________ He has been a grown-up.

　　A．Take it easy.

　　B．No problem.

　　C．Take your time.

　　D．So what?

　　[解析] A　根據(jù)答語He has been a grown-up可知是安慰說話者，即“不用擔(dān)心，他已經(jīng)是大人了。”take it easy用來安慰對方不要擔(dān)心。no problem用來表示同意；take your time指做某事不要著急；so what表示某人認(rèn)為某事無關(guān)緊要，意思為“那又怎么樣？”

　　第24講 │ 跟蹤訓(xùn)練

　　閱讀寫作(二十四) │ 閱讀理解技法指導(dǎo)之篇章結(jié)構(gòu) 閱讀寫作(二十四)[閱讀理解技法指導(dǎo)之篇章結(jié)構(gòu)]

　　閱讀寫作(二十四) │ 重視篇章結(jié)構(gòu) 重視篇章結(jié)構(gòu) 篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題從其考查內(nèi)容而言，可分為三種：考查考生對整個(gè)文章結(jié)構(gòu)的組織能力；考查考生對后文內(nèi)容的預(yù)測能力；考查考生對文章寫作手法、修辭手段的鑒賞能力。 一、篇章結(jié)構(gòu)主要的設(shè)題方式常有： 1．How is the passage organized? 2．Which of the following best shows the structure/organization of the passage? 3．What will the author most probably talk about next? 4．The author develops the passage mainly by

　　. 5．The first paragraph serves as a(n) . 6．The example of…is given to show/illustrate that . 閱讀寫作(二十四) │ 重視篇章結(jié)構(gòu) 二、篇章結(jié)構(gòu)主要的解題策略常有： 1．了解文章結(jié)構(gòu)的組織形式。從段落組織方式上講，常見的文章結(jié)構(gòu)有三種：總分式結(jié)構(gòu)(總→分；總→分→總；分→總)、并列式結(jié)構(gòu)(段落之間是平行關(guān)系，并且相對獨(dú)立)、對照式結(jié)構(gòu)(結(jié)構(gòu)形式上是一正一反)。 2．了解文章的論證方法。從論證方法上講，常見的議論文結(jié)構(gòu)有以下兩類：Put forward a problem→Analyze the problem→Solve the problem 即“提出問題、分析問題、解決問題”的過程；Argument/Idea→Evidence→Conclusion/Restating the idea 即“由論點(diǎn)到論據(jù)到結(jié)論或者強(qiáng)調(diào)論點(diǎn)”的過程。 閱讀寫作(二十四) │ 重視篇章結(jié)構(gòu) 3．了解文章的寫作手法。在高考閱讀中主要考查下定義、分類說明、列舉例證和對比等寫作手法。其中，“引用”和“例證”是議論文和說明文中最常用的寫作手法之一，是歷年高考閱讀試題中必不可缺的命題方向?！耙谩焙汀袄C”的共同目的就是增強(qiáng)說服力，以更好地達(dá)到說理、說明的目的?！耙谩焙汀袄C”的共同功能就是服務(wù)于段落或篇章的主題。 例

　　[2011·重慶卷](節(jié)選) Getting rid of dirt，in the opinion of most people，is a good thing. However，there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt. 閱讀寫作(二十四) │ 重視篇章結(jié)構(gòu) In the early 16th century，people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease, as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in. A particular danger was thought to lie in public baths. By 1538，the French king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom. So did the king of England in 1546. Thus began a long time when the rich and the poor in Europe lived with dirt in a friendly way. Henry Ⅳ，King of France，was famously dirty. Upon learning that a nobleman had taken a bath，the king ordered that，to avoid the attack of disease，the nobleman should not go out. 閱讀寫作(二十四) │ 重視篇章結(jié)構(gòu) Though the belief in the merit of dirt was long－lived，dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighbor ever since the 18th century. Scientifically speaking，cleaning away dirt is good to health. Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of preventing disease. Yet，it seems that standards of cleanliness have moved beyond science since World War Ⅱ.Advertisements repeatedly sell the idea：clothes need to be whiter than white，cloths ever softer，surfaces to shine. Has the hate for dirt，however，gone too far? 閱讀寫作(二十四) │ 重視篇章結(jié)構(gòu) Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays. Many first－time parents nervously try to warn their children off touching dirt，which might be responsible for the spread of disease. On the contrary，Mary Ruebush，an American immunologist (免疫學(xué)家)，encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system. And the latter position is gaining some ground. 閱讀寫作(二十四) │ 重視篇章結(jié)構(gòu) How does the passage mainly develop? A．By providing examples. B．By making comparisons. C．By following the order of time. D．By following the order of importance. 【點(diǎn)睛】 C　本題考查文章寫作手法。通讀全文可知，貫穿文章的主要線索是時(shí)間。因此該文是按照時(shí)間順序來組織的，故選擇C項(xiàng)。 閱讀寫作(二十四) │ 重視篇章結(jié)構(gòu) 【活學(xué)活用】 The Celebration Experiment

　　In the 1960s, Walt Disney pictured in the mind a future Utopian city with underground roads and a climate－controlled round roof. The real community of Celebration, Florida, built in 1999, applies the social and environmental goals of both Disney and the New Urbanism movement. 閱讀寫作(二十四) │ 重視篇章結(jié)構(gòu) Disney and the New Urbanism have imagined communities that promote social and local communication. Celebration has a central Market Street district to reduce traffic and encourage social contacts. The idea is that if the downtown area is neatly and closely ranked, people will walk and meet their neighbors. Downtown events like art festivals also bring citizens together. Narrow, tree－lined streets are “traffic calm”—with slower speed limits—to encourage bicycling and walking. 閱讀寫作(二十四) │ 重視篇章結(jié)構(gòu) Moreover, housing in Celebration includes both single－ and multi－family houses that encourages socialization. Apartment buildings are located close to downtown, and houses are built close together with small yards. They feature entrance halls to encourage citizens to socialize. “Many aspects of that kind of design are really aimed at maximizing social communication between citizens, not just on the streets but also in community institutions that are very much a part of public life there，” says Andrew Ross, a New York University professor who lived in Celebration for one year. 閱讀寫作(二十四) │ 重視篇章結(jié)構(gòu) Utopian communities such as Celebration are also designed with environmental protection in mind. The town itself is built on 4,900 acres surrounded by a 4,700 acre protected

　　greenbelt. The greenbelt parks, and common areas accommodate native wildlife and animals. 閱讀寫作(二十四) │ 重視篇章結(jié)構(gòu) High－rise office and apartment buildings provide close office and living space in a small geographic area in order to reduce urban sprawl, the spread of today's cities onto nature areas. Buildings also minimize environmental influence by using cooling and electric systems with insulated(絕緣的；隔熱的)glass, cooling towers, and energy－saving lamps. “The town more or less borrows very heavily from New Urbanist principles…to create environmentally friendly alternatives to sprawl and to create communities around people rather than vehicles，” Ross said. 閱讀寫作(二十四) │ 重視篇章結(jié)構(gòu) Which of the following shows the organization of the passage?

　　CP: Central Point　P: Point　SP: Sub－point(次要點(diǎn))　C: Conclusion 閱讀寫作(二十四) │ 重視篇章結(jié)構(gòu) [解析] B　本文采用總分總的方式，闡述了迪士尼和新城市主義運(yùn)動(dòng)的社會目標(biāo)和環(huán)境目標(biāo)，并講述實(shí)現(xiàn)這兩個(gè)目標(biāo)所采取的一些具體做法。文章第一段講述社區(qū)Celebration的建立，并提出了迪士尼和新城市主義運(yùn)動(dòng)的社會目標(biāo)和環(huán)境目標(biāo)；第二段到第四段分別講述了社區(qū)中人與人之間的交流；第五、六段從環(huán)境保護(hù)方面講述了城市的發(fā)展，最后一段進(jìn)行總結(jié)。故B項(xiàng)正確。 閱讀寫作(二十四) │ 重視篇章結(jié)構(gòu) 【詞語辨析】 empty, vacant與hollow (1) empty: 意思是“里面沒有東西，一無所有”，具有“空無一物”的隱含意義，它可以用來描繪box，vessel，cupboard，bag，purse，room，house，street，stomach，head 等詞。

　　This trunk is empty.

　　這只箱子空空如也。 (2) vacant: 意思是“閑著的、無人占據(jù)的”，著重指臨時(shí)性的情況，如：vacant seat，vacant apartment，vacant position等。

　　第24講 │ 單詞點(diǎn)睛

　　We have no vacant position here.

　　我們這里沒有空職。 (3) hollow: 意思是“空心的，中空的，空洞的，下陷的”，它常與tree，ball，cheeks，voice，sound，words，promise等詞連用。

　　This is a hollow tree.這是一棵中空的樹。 第24講 │ 單詞點(diǎn)睛

　　【活學(xué)活用】 1．根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子

　　(1) We found the room ________.

　　我們發(fā)現(xiàn)房間空空的。

　　(2) A ________ seat was found in this compartment.

　　在這個(gè)車廂里找到了一個(gè)空的座位。

　　(3) I don't like to hear his ________ words.

　　我不喜歡聽他那些空洞的話。 第24講 │ 單詞點(diǎn)睛

　　empty vacant hollow 2．單項(xiàng)填空

　　If you want to look for a flat to rent to accompany your son to study here, I think there's a ________ one in our neighborhood.

　　A．thin

　　B．vacant

　　C．hollow

　　D．bare

　　[解析] B　考查形容詞辨析。句意： 如果你想在這兒尋找一套住房來陪你兒子學(xué)習(xí)，我想在我們住的附近有一套閑置的房子。 thin薄的；vacant空著的，未被占用的，閑置的(指某處暫時(shí)沒被占用而空著的)，hollow中空的，空心的； bare光禿禿的，裸露的。

　　第24講 │ 單詞點(diǎn)睛

　　1　come into being　出現(xiàn)；存在，產(chǎn)生，形成；成立

　　come into ______　生效；實(shí)施

　　come into operation

　　施行，實(shí)行；生效

　　come into view/sight 看見

　　come into existence

　　存在

　　come into ______

　　開始使用

　　come into fashion

　　開始流行

　　come into ______

　　掌權(quán) 第24講 │ 短語儲存

　　短語儲存 effect

　　use

　　power 【注意事項(xiàng)】 come into being為不及物動(dòng)詞短語，沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)形式； come into與come to不同，后者表示“達(dá)到或逐漸……”，如come to realize意為“逐漸意識到”。 第24講 │ 短語儲存

　　【活學(xué)活用】 1．根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子

　　(1) The new tax regulations ______________last month.

　　新稅法是上個(gè)月生效的。

　　(2) We don't know when this world ________________.

　　我們不知道世界是在何時(shí)形成的。

　　(3) As soon as their party ______________ ，they changed

　　the law.

　　他們的政黨一上臺，他們就開始修改法律。

　　(4) When we reached the top of the mountain，a wide

　　plain below ___________________.

　　我們一登上山頂，就望到了下面遼闊的平原。 第24講 │ 短語儲存

　　came into effect came into being came into power came into view/sight 2．單項(xiàng)填空

　　Do you know when the system ________？

　　A．was come into being

　　B．came into being

　　C．a(chǎn)bolished

　　D．a(chǎn)bandoned

　　[解析] B　句意：你知道這個(gè)制度什么時(shí)候形成的嗎？come into being“形成；產(chǎn)生”，不能用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)。C、D兩項(xiàng)與the system之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。 第24講 │ 短語儲存

　　2　show off　炫耀；賣弄

　　(1) show sb. around/round 帶某人參觀

　　show _____

　　出現(xiàn)；使清晰，使顯露

　　show the _____

　　帶路；引路

　　show one's face

　　露面

　　(2) talk show

　　脫口秀

　　fashion show

　　時(shí)裝秀 第24講 │ 短語儲存

　　up way 【活學(xué)活用】 1．根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子

　　(1) The child danced around the room, ____________ to

　　everybody.

　　那個(gè)孩子滿屋子跳舞， 向大家炫耀一番。

　　(2) It was ten o'clock when he finally __________.

　　十點(diǎn)鐘時(shí)，他終于到了。

　　(3) She wanted to ________________________ at the party.

　　她想在聚會上炫耀自己的新項(xiàng)鏈。 第24講 │ 短語儲存

　　showing off showed up show off her new necklace 2．單項(xiàng)填空

　　Before you start work, I'll show you ________ the building so that you can meet everyone.

　　A．offB．outC．a(chǎn)roundD．up

　　[解析] C　考查show動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。 句意：在你開始上班之前，我來帶你到樓里各處看看，好讓你和大家見見面。此處為“帶某人參觀、 到處轉(zhuǎn)轉(zhuǎn)”之意，應(yīng)用show sb. around。show off炫耀，賣弄；show sb. out帶某人出去； show sb. up揭發(fā)某人?！?第24講 │ 短語儲存

　　3　settle down　定居；平靜，使安靜

　　settle ____sth. 勉強(qiáng)接受

　　settle on sth.

　　選定；決定

　　take _____

　　拆毀；記下，記錄

　　write down

　　寫下，記下

　　put down

　　放下；記下；鎮(zhèn)壓

　　go down

　　下跌；下去

　　set down

　　讓某人下車；記下 第24講 │ 短語儲存

　　for down 【活學(xué)活用】 Wait until the excitement has ________. A．settled downB．put down C．set down