3．(2024·淮安高三檢測(cè))________ you eat the correct food ________ be able to keep fit and stay healthy. A．Only if；will you

　　B．Only if；you will C．Unless；will you

　　D．Unless；you will 解析：選A。句意：只要你飲食合理，就能保持健康。only if“只 要……”，放于句首，后面主句 要用部分倒裝。 4．(2024·浙江溫州聯(lián)考)The British are not so familiar with different cultures and other ways of doing things，________ is often the case in other countries. A．what

　　B．a(chǎn)s C．so

　　D．that 解析：選B。as在這里引導(dǎo)非限制 性定語(yǔ)從句，as指代前面整個(gè)句子 的內(nèi)容，而且as在從句中作主語(yǔ)。

　　5．(2024·福建福州質(zhì)檢)—Do you know about“Tiger Mom”？ —Yes.Her children will never be praised ________ they have done everything she requires. A．a(chǎn)fter

　　B．unless C．once

　　D．when 解析：選B。答句句意：“虎媽”的孩子永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)被表?yè)P(yáng)，除非他們按照她的要求完成了一切。unless表示 “除非，如果不”，相當(dāng)于if not，假如把本句改為“Her children will never be praised if they haven’t done everything she requires.”，就容易理解了。 本部分內(nèi)容講解結(jié)束 按ESC鍵退出全屏播放 跟蹤訓(xùn)練 Ⅰ.選詞填空

　　1．The house was ________ after the party.It took Tom three hours to clean

　　it up. 2．It is important not to ___________

　　the past.We also have to live in the

　　present and look to the future. in chaos focus on 3．It is also impossible to ___________

　　a ticket for tonight’s concert.It sold out three days ago. 4．The smell of freshly—baked bread always _______ me ___ my days in France. get hold of reminds of 5．His good education abroad enables him to _______ that position. 6．The small island was ___________________ Britain before it gained its independence in 1970. take on under the umbrella of 7．If your bike ________________ on the way to the village，can you repair it by yourself?

　　breaks down Ⅱ.完成句子 1．植物因缺水而枯死了。 The plant died _________________. 2．當(dāng)我那么說(shuō)時(shí)，我并不是指她。 I ______________________ when I said so. for lack of water was not referring to her 3．他們努力工作以供養(yǎng)一大家子人。 They worked hard ______________ their large family. 4．海上的空氣改善了她的健康狀況。 The sea air has __________________ her health. to provide for made a difference to 5．這些商品只提供給會(huì)員使用。 These goods ____________________________. are available to members only Ⅲ.單項(xiàng)填空 1．(2024·皖南八校質(zhì)檢)The boy was so careless that the glass fell from his hand and it ________ on the floor. A．broke inB．broke down C．broke up

　　D．broke out 解析：選C。break in意為“闖入，打斷，插嘴”；break down意為“(機(jī)器等)出故障，崩潰”；break up意為“打碎，(關(guān)系)破裂，結(jié)束”；break out意為“爆發(fā)，突然發(fā)生”。根據(jù)語(yǔ)意“玻璃杯從他手中掉落到地板上摔碎了”可知答案是C項(xiàng)。 2．(2024·福建四地六校聯(lián)考)My parents expected too much of me.When they heard that I had failed in the college entrance examination，they almost ________. A．broke up

　　B．broke off C．broke out

　　D．broke down 解析：選D。break up表示“破裂，解體”；break off表示“斷開(kāi)”；break out表示“爆發(fā)”；break down表示“拋錨，崩潰，垮掉”，從語(yǔ)意“父母聽(tīng)到我高考落榜，幾乎要崩潰了”可知選D項(xiàng)。 3．—Why was Professor Liu thundering in the classroom yesterday? —A student who had interrupted his speech ________ the burst of his anger. A．set up

　　B．set out C．set about

　　D．set off

　　解析：選D。句意：——為什么劉教授昨天在教室里吼叫？——一個(gè)學(xué)生打斷了他的演講，這便觸發(fā)了他的怒氣。set off引發(fā)，激起。 4．The photographs made me think ________ to my schooldays. A．back

　　B．a(chǎn)bout C．over

　　D．of 解析：選A。句意：這些照片使我想起了我上學(xué)的日子。think back to“回想”；think about“考慮”；think over“仔細(xì)考慮”；think of

　　“想起”。 5．—How often do you ________ the dictionary when you are doing reading? —Not very often.Only when I find it is necessary. A．relate to

　　B．consult to C．refer to

　　D．look up 解析：選C。句意：——當(dāng)你閱讀時(shí)，你查詞典的頻率是多少？——不是很 多。只有當(dāng)我認(rèn)為有必要時(shí)。relate to“談到，涉及，與……相關(guān)”；refer to＝consult“查閱，查詢”，look up作“查閱”解時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)是word而不是dictionary。 (教材P57)If only there were more people donating money to charities! 要是有更多的人給慈善機(jī)構(gòu)捐助些錢(qián)就好了！ 句型精析 【點(diǎn)津】　If only...！用來(lái)表達(dá)一個(gè)不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望或假設(shè)，句子多用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。真希望……！若是……那該多好啊！(1)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式表現(xiàn)在；(2)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去完成時(shí)表過(guò)去；(3)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用could/would表將來(lái)；(4)而only if引起的條件狀語(yǔ)從句，表 示“只有……(才)；只有在……的時(shí)候，唯一的條件是……”的意思；與if引導(dǎo)的一般條件句相比，它有一種增強(qiáng)主句語(yǔ)勢(shì)的作用。

　　①I(mǎi)f only I knew his name！要是我知道他的名字就好了！ ②If only we had followed your advice!我們要是采納你的建議就好了！ ③If only I could see him again! 要是我能再看到他多好啊！ ④He will succeed only if he does his best. 他只有竭盡全力才能成功。 ⑤I’ll come only if you really need me. 只有當(dāng)你真正需要我的時(shí)候， 我才來(lái)。 ⑥Only if the case is urgent should you call out the doctor in the middle of the night. 只有患者情況緊急時(shí)，你才可以在半夜叫醫(yī)生看病。

　　跟蹤訓(xùn)練 Ⅰ.完成句子 1．我總是開(kāi)著窗戶睡覺(jué)，除非天氣非常冷才關(guān)上窗戶。 I sleep _________________________

　　it’s really cold. with the window open unless 2．據(jù)說(shuō)他已在那家工廠工作12年了。 He is said ____________________

　　in that factory for twelve years. 3．他醒來(lái)發(fā)現(xiàn)人家都走了。 He woke up __________________________ . to have been working to find everybody gone 4．但愿我將能得到一個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)德語(yǔ)的機(jī)會(huì)。 If only I ________________________________ ________. would have a good chance to study German Ⅱ.單項(xiàng)填空 1．________ and I’ll get the work finished. A．Have one more hour B．One more hour C．Given one more hour D．If I have one more hour 解析：選B。“名詞＋and＋簡(jiǎn)單句”相當(dāng)于“祈使句＋and＋簡(jiǎn)單句”。 2．The World Trade Organization finally opened its door to China，________ a 15—year wait. A．only to end

　　B．ending C．to end

　　D．a(chǎn)nd ends 解析：選B。句意：世界貿(mào)易組織終于向中國(guó)敞開(kāi)了大門(mén)，結(jié)束了15年的漫長(zhǎng)等待。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示的內(nèi)容是句子產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。 3．Every possible means ________ to prevent the air pollution，but the sky is still not clear. A．is used

　　B．a(chǎn)re used C．have been used

　　D．has been used 解析：選D。根據(jù)題意應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響。“every＋單數(shù)名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式，故選D。 4．(2024·南通市調(diào)研測(cè)試)As he was getting onto the stage，Dan closed his eyes and took a deep breath to rid himself ________ his fears. A．by

　　B．of C．from

　　D．to 解析：選B。考查介詞。rid sb.of sth.是固定詞組，表示“讓某人免除，擺脫……”，故答案選B項(xiàng)。 5．In cities with rent control，the city government sets the maximum rent that a landlord can ________ for an apartment. A．fetch

　　B．bargain C．charge

　　D．collect 解析：選C。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：在有房租控制的城市，房東對(duì)一套住房收取多少房租，市政府有最高限價(jià)規(guī)定。此處語(yǔ)境表示房東收取的房租，用charge表示“要價(jià)，向……收費(fèi)”。 6．—Is it true that the US threatens to punish China unless the yuan appreciates(增值)by 40%? —Yes，but I think our government will never ________ this unreasonable demand. A．oppose to

　　B．resign to C．contribute to

　　D．submit to

　　解析：選D。考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。根據(jù)答句句意“我認(rèn)為中國(guó)政府絕不會(huì)向這種無(wú)理要求屈服”可知，submit(oneself)to“向……屈服”符合題意。如果使用resign的話，必須用resign oneself to。 7．She gets various bonuses ________ her wages，so she earns more than her husband. A．in spite of

　　B．in place of C．in return for

　　D．in addition to 解析：選D。考查介詞短語(yǔ)。in spite of “盡管”；in place of “代替”；in return for “作為對(duì)……的回報(bào)”；in addition to “除……之外，還有”。根據(jù)語(yǔ)意 “她比丈夫掙錢(qián)多是因?yàn)樗斯べY外，還有各種獎(jiǎng)金”可知D項(xiàng)正確。 8．Lucy has ________ all of the goals she set for herself in high school and is ready for new challenges at university. A．a(chǎn)cquired

　　B．finished C．concluded

　　D．a(chǎn)chieved 解析：選D。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。acquire獲得，得到；finish完成；conclude結(jié)束，得出結(jié)論；achieve實(shí)現(xiàn)，達(dá)到，achieve a goal實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)，故D項(xiàng)符合題意。 9．________ of the change in the meeting time，Mike arrived late. A．Not being informed B．Not having informed C．Having not been informed D．Not having been informed 解析：選D。考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：由于沒(méi)有預(yù)先得到會(huì)議改期的通知，邁克遲到了。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的否定結(jié)構(gòu)中，not要置于非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前，根據(jù)句意可知其動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前，且與其邏輯主語(yǔ)為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故選D項(xiàng)。 10．—Can I borrow some of your magazines? —________.They are at your service. A．Don’t mention it

　　B．By all means C．Come on

　　D．With pleasure 解析：選B。考查交際用語(yǔ)。根據(jù)答語(yǔ)的第二句They are at your service.(你可以盡情閱讀)可判斷說(shuō)話人同意借給對(duì)方幾本雜志。因此應(yīng)選by all means“當(dāng)然可以”。

　　refer to　談及，提到；涉及； 查閱，參考；與……相關(guān) (教材P50)I’m pleased to have this chance today to talk to you about the United Nations，or the UN，as it is more often referred to.　 短語(yǔ)精釋 我很高興今天有機(jī)會(huì)跟大家談?wù)劼?lián)合國(guó)，聯(lián)合國(guó)也叫UN——這個(gè)名稱更常用。

　　歸納拓展 【辨析】　refer to，refer...to

　　refer to 提到，參考，指……而言，涉及，適用于。 refer...to 把……提交，委托給……，把……歸功于。 ①(朗文P1712)If you don’t know what book to get，refer to the list on page 3. 如果你不知道要什么書(shū)，請(qǐng)查看第三頁(yè)上的書(shū)單。 ②(牛津P1666)The victims were not referred to by name. 沒(méi)有提到受害人的姓名。 ③She always referred to Ben as “that nice man”． 她總是稱本為“那個(gè)大好人”。

　　7 break down　出故障，拋錨 (教材P59)However，if the pump breaks down，repairing it can be troublesome，as an engineer has to come from the nearest town to repair it. 然而，如果水泵出了毛病，修理是件很棘手的事，因?yàn)榈谜?qǐng)一個(gè)來(lái)自最近的城鎮(zhèn)的工程師來(lái)修理。 歸納拓展

　　①(牛津P233)The telephone system has broken down. 電話系統(tǒng)癱瘓了。 ②Her health broke down under the pressure of work. 她因工作壓力身體垮掉了。 ③(朗文P229)The talks broke down completely in June 1982.會(huì)議于1982年6月徹底破裂。 8

　　think back to　回想 (教材P63)When I think back to all the experiences that I have had around the world since joining Doctors without Borders，I feel that I have been very lucky to be able to help others and do something worthwhile.　

　　每當(dāng)我回想起自我加入“無(wú)國(guó)界醫(yī)生組織”以來(lái)我在世界各地的經(jīng)歷時(shí)，我就感覺(jué)到能夠幫助別人做一些有價(jià)值的事情是一種幸運(yùn)。

　　歸納拓展

　　①(朗文P2144)When I think back on/to that day，I can barely recall how she looked. 當(dāng)我追憶那一天時(shí)，我基本上想不起她當(dāng)時(shí)的表情了。 ②Nobody thought less of him for showing his emotions. 沒(méi)有人因?yàn)樗砺读俗约旱那楦卸鴾p少對(duì)他的尊敬。 ③Didn’t you ever think about others? 難道你就從沒(méi)考慮過(guò)別人？ ③Kevin lacks a willingness to try new things. 凱文缺乏嘗試新事物的積極性。 2

　　worthy　adj.值得的，有價(jià)值的；令人敬重的，相稱的 (教材P50)With the help of these armies and other worthy organizations，the UN assists the victims of wars and disasters.　 在這些軍隊(duì)和其它一些可敬的組織的協(xié)助下，聯(lián)合國(guó)為戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)及災(zāi)難的受害者提供援助。 歸納拓展

　　【辨析】　worthwhile，worth，be worthy

　　worthwhile 值得，指花時(shí)間去做某事是值得的。可作表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)或補(bǔ)語(yǔ)。 worth 價(jià)值……，后接表價(jià)值的數(shù)量詞。 be (well)worth＋n./pron./doing (非常)值得…… be worthy

　　worthy可作表語(yǔ)也可作定語(yǔ)，和定語(yǔ)時(shí)意為：有價(jià)值的，值得尊敬的，應(yīng)受到賞識(shí)的。 ①(牛津P2041)He felt he was not worthy of her. 他覺(jué)得他配不上她。 ②(朗文P2372)Jenny’s proposal is certainly worthy of consideration.珍妮的提議無(wú)疑是值得考慮的。 3

　　contribute　vt.&vi.捐贈(zèng)，捐獻(xiàn)，捐助；貢獻(xiàn)；促成，導(dǎo)致 (教材P51)They collect approximately 1.35 yuan per day from each member and add it to some money contributed by the government.　她們每天從每個(gè)成員那里大約收集1.35元錢(qián)，然后把它們和政府捐助的錢(qián)加在一起。 歸納拓展 【助記】 ①(牛津P433)We contributed ￡5,000 to the earthquake fund.我們向地震基金捐贈(zèng)了5000英鎊。 ②(朗文P437)Yellow fever contributed to Mudd’s early death at age 19.黃熱病導(dǎo)致馬德19歲便早早去世。

　　③He contributed an article to China Daily. 他為《中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)》撰寫(xiě)了一篇文章。

　　4

　　means　n．方法，手段 (教材P59)Health care is limited as there are no doctors or nurses in the villages—no one has the means to pay them. 醫(yī)療護(hù)理受限，因?yàn)樵谀切┐遄永锔緵](méi)有醫(yī)生和護(hù)士，沒(méi)有人能付得起這個(gè)費(fèi)用。 歸納拓展 【辨析】　means，method，manner，way

　　means 指實(shí)現(xiàn)目的的任何手段，或使用某種交通工具的方式。 method 指有條理的、系統(tǒng)的方法，特別指新的辦法。 manner 指特殊的或怪異的方式、方法，與動(dòng)作有關(guān) way 使用范圍很廣，但較多地用在具體的事情上或口語(yǔ)中。 ①(牛津P1250)She is by no means an inexperienced teacher.她決不是個(gè)毫無(wú)經(jīng)驗(yàn)的教師。 ②(朗文P1277)By all means，drink plenty of water while exercising.當(dāng)然，鍛煉時(shí)可以多喝水。 ③What would be the most effective method of advertising our product? 為我們的產(chǎn)品做廣告的最有效的方法是什么呢？ ④They are trying to find a way of settling the dispute. 他們正努力尋求解決爭(zhēng)端的方法。 ⑤The school has decided to adopt a different manner to discipline.學(xué)校已決定采取不同的方式進(jìn)行約束。

　　5

　　remind　vt.提醒，使想起 (教材P63)It reminded me of my time in Sudan，where several Doctors without Borders staff were attacked as people tried to get the food.　這使我想起在蘇丹的日子，人們?cè)趽屖澄飼r(shí)，好幾位無(wú)國(guó)界醫(yī)生組織成員受到了攻擊。 歸納拓展 助記 ①(朗文P1727)That reminds me of a joke I heard last week.那讓我想起了上周聽(tīng)到的一個(gè)笑話。 ②(牛津P1682)Remind me to phone Alan before I go out. 提醒我出去之前給艾倫打電話。 ③Can you remind me what I should do next? 你能告訴我下一步該做什么嗎？

　　跟蹤訓(xùn)練 Ⅰ.選詞填空 victim；voluntary；alternative；remote；possession；primitive；obtain；commitment；vacant；barrier

　　1．We want to demonstrate our ____________ to human rights. 2．Mail comes to this ________

　　village only once a week. 3．She was the ____________ of a road accident. commitment remote victim 4．____________ man made tools from sharp stones and animal bones. 5．There are some _______ offices

　　on the third floor. 6．I haven’t been able to ____________ that book anywhere. Primitive vacant obtain 7．The Sahara Desert is a natural ____________ between North and Central Africas. 8．He was found in _________ of dangerous drugs. 9．She does ____________ social work. barrier possession voluntary 10．There was no other __________

　　but to fight till the victory.

　　alternative Ⅱ.單項(xiàng)填空 1．(2011·高考重慶卷)Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself ________ of his own dreams. A．reminding B．to remind C．reminded

　　D．remind 解析：選C。句意：邁克爾在床邊掛了一張姚明的照片以提醒他自己的夢(mèng)想是什么。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，所填部分在句中作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，且remind與himself之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以用過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。故選C項(xiàng)。 2．Of the 2,000 stock investors ________ last month,90% was found ________ in financial knowledge. A．surveyed；lacking B．having been surveyed；lacking C．surveyed；lacked D．to have been surveyed；lacked 解析：選A。句意：上個(gè)月接受調(diào)查的2000名股票投資者中，90%的人被發(fā)現(xiàn)缺少金融知識(shí)。investors后缺少定語(yǔ)，而且調(diào)查的動(dòng)作已發(fā)生，故用surveyed。根據(jù)in可確定第二空應(yīng)用形容詞作補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，故用lacking，be lacking in “缺少”。 欄目導(dǎo)引 基礎(chǔ)盤(pán)點(diǎn)自測(cè)自評(píng) 考點(diǎn)串講講練互動(dòng) Unit 4　Helping people around the world Unit 4　Helping people around the world 基礎(chǔ)盤(pán)點(diǎn)自測(cè)自評(píng) Ⅰ.語(yǔ)境填詞 1．Karl Marx was forced to leave his homeland for ____________(政治的) reasons as a young man. 核心單詞 political 2．Eight times eight _______(等于) sixty—four. 3．He ____________(捐獻(xiàn)) a large sum of money to the fund. 4．The writer _________ (擴(kuò)大) his short novel into a long one. equals contributed expanded 5．Her achievements are _________ (值得) of the highest praise. 6．The film __________(使想起) him