《閱讀理解特訓：3真2模含解析》2024屆高三英語二輪突破43

　　閱讀理解 (共20小題；每小題2分，滿分40分)

　　閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。

　　A

　　Dear Rudyard Kipling,

　　Father has consistently tried to instill(灌輸) a sense of being a man in me ever since I was very young. When I reached the age of twelve he began taking me to his auto body shop. He told me this tough job would build me into a man of character. But this all changed a year ago when my mother passed away and stumbled upon your poem, If.

　　My mother was the person who could understand me. If I ever got tired during my work hours at the shop I could call her to come and pick me up. It was my mother who instilled the love of literature and languages in me. My mother spoke six languages fluently and had thousands of books, which still sit in the attic of our house. It was in this “library” of hers that I picked up a book of poetry from a cold metal shelf and found your poem, If.

　　Because of the death of my mother I felt alone, as if I belonged to no family. The image of a man was completely shattered when I saw him break down and cry, which looked so pathetic（凄慘的）and “unmanly” compared to his usual stoic（禁欲主義者）and emotionless countenance. Yet I remained silent remembering the golden words: “If you can keep your head when all about you/ Are losing theirs and blaming it on you… you’ll be a Man, my son!”

　　If reminded me to remain calm and “keep my head” because I wanted to be a man and wanted to be the one supporting my family. I sacrificed my ability to compete in a winter sport so that I could stay home and cook for my family and clean the house. My father saw this and our relationship has grown much stronger. He finally respected me for who I was and told me he was proud to have a man for his son. Through this poem, I realize that to be a man is not about putting weights on a barbell（杠鈴）but rather putting the weight of others on your back.

　　Your poem was so much more than just a simple list of guidelines or morals that some see it as; it really changed my life and my relationship with my dad.

　　41. According to the passage, what kind of person does the author’s father expect him to be?

　　A. A person who will shoulder responsibilities.

　　B. A person who knows how to earn a lot of money.

　　C. A person who knows how to do housework.

　　D. A person who respects his parents.

　　【答案】A

　　【解析】細節理解題。根據Father has consistently tried to instill(灌輸) a sense of being a man in me ever since I was very young.作者的父親想要他成為一個真正的能肩負起責任的男人，故選A。

　　42. Who does the underlined word “him” in paragraph 3 refer to?

　　A. the character in the poem

　　B. the author’s father

　　C. the author

　　D. an unknown person

　　【答案】C

　　【解析】詞義猜測題。根據The image of a man was completely shattered when I saw him break down and cry,可知這里指的是作者自己，是作者痛苦，因為自己的母親去世，故選C。

　　43. According to the passage, a man in the author’s mind would have the following qualities EXCEPT _________.

　　A. responsible

　　B. calm

　　C. caring

　　D. enthusiastic

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】細節理解題。responsible有責任心的； calm鎮靜的； caring愛心，有同情心的；

　　enthusiastic熱情的。根據because I wanted to be a man and wanted to be the one supporting my family. 作者認為人要有責任心；If you can keep your head when all about you/ Are losing theirs and blaming it on you… you’ll be a Man, my son 這里作者引用母親的話來說明人在遇到事情時要鎮靜；要If I ever got tired during my work hours at the shop I could call her to come and pick me up.作者認為要有愛心；只有選項D的熱情沒有提到，故選D。

　　44. We can learn from the passage that ___________.

　　A. the poem has helped to improve the relationship between the author and his father

　　B. the author would not know how to help his family without the poem

　　C. the author’s father must have read the poem as well

　　D. the author’s mother had told him about this poem before

　　【答案】A

　　【解析】細節理解題。根據Your poem was so much more than just a simple list of guidelines or morals that some see it as; it really changed my life and my relationship with my dad.那首詩幫助改善了作者和父親的關系，故選A。

　　45. The author has written this letter to ___________.

　　A. share with Rudyard Kipling his sadness resulting from the death of his mother

　　B. show his appreciation for the positive influence the poem has brought to him

　　C. share his opinion on the poem

　　D. tell Rudyard Kipling how he got the poem

　　【答案】B Ks5u

　　【解析】作者意圖題。根據短文的內容可知作者想讓我們知道那首詩帶給他的積極的影響。

　　B

　　This is an old tale. It’s the story of the three little pigs and the big bad wolf that blew down a house made of straw and one made of sticks. The only house left standing was the one made of bricks. Now there is new evidence to suggest that houses built with bales of straw can be very strong. They are also environmental.

　　Pete Walker is a professor at the University of Bath in Britain. He and a team of researchers there have built a house made out of straw bales and hemp material.

　　During the next twelve months the team will study the effectiveness of these materials in home building. Professor Walker says there are many good reasons for using straw.

　　Professor Walker says that one of the benefits is that it’s a relatively inexpensively renewable material that’s readily available.

　　According to Professor Walker, straw takes in carbon dioxide as it grows. So it can be seen as having no harmful effects on the environment. He says straw helps the environment in other ways.

　　Professor Walker: “The straw bale walls are relatively thick and so all that straw provides very good thermal(of heat)

　　insulation. So we make buildings that require very little heating in the winter or indeed very little cooling in the summer. So they require very little additional energy.”

　　Professor Walker says this reduces home operating expenses. It also reduces the effect on the environment. He says the current interest in straw bale houses is a direct response to the problem of climate change.

　　David Lanfear owns an eco-friendly home building service in the United States called Bale on Bale Construction.

　　He says he laughed when some friends first told him about houses built of straw. But after doing his own research, he learned that building with straw bales made a lot of sense. He has now helped to build more than ten straw bale houses and says the building material is becoming more widely accepted.

　　To build the houses, he fills a wood frame with tightly packed bales of straw. Next he coats the walls inside and out with layers of clay plaster. He says the common ideas about straw houses continue, including stories about the threat of fire. Mr. Lanfear says straw bale houses have done well when tested for fire resistance. And he says his builders use the same building methods as traditional builders to keep out rain.

　　David Lanfear: “We use what we call good shoes and a good hat, and that would be a solid foundation and a really good roof.”

　　46. The function of the story in the first paragraph is to _____________.

　　A. amuse the readers

　　B. introduce the topic of this passage

　　C. help the readers to recall their childhood memory

　　D. remind the readers that bricks are no longer the best choice for building

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】推理判斷題。根據用這個寓言故事來引出下文，因為它們有相同之處都是敘述的房子的問題，故選B。

　　47. Which of the following words is closest in meaning to the underlined word “insulation” in paragraph six?

　　A. protection

　　B. condition

　　C. transmission

　　D. expansion

　　【答案】A

　　【解析】詞義猜測題。根據The straw bale walls are relatively thick及So we make buildings that require very little heating in the winter or indeed very little cooling in the summer.可以猜出厚厚的草起保護的作用，故選A。

　　48. What’s David Lanfear’s attitude towards the straw houses at last?

　　A. Doubtful

　　B. Approving

　　C. Defensive

　　D. Negative

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】推理判斷題。根據He has now helped to build more than ten straw bale houses and says the building material is becoming more widely accepted. 最后David Lanfear是同意接受了用草做成的房子的。故選B。

　　49. Which of the following is NOT the advantage of the house built with straw bales?

　　A. It is environmentally friendly.

　　B. The supply of its building materials is easily guaranteed.

　　C. It is comparatively economical.

　　D. It is free from fires.

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】細節理解題。根據So it can be seen as having no harmful effects on the environment.這種房子是環保的，選項A符合原文；that’s readily available.這些草是可以再生的，更新快，所以房子的原料是可以保證的，選項B符合原文；it’s a relatively inexpensively renewable material that’s readily available. 這種房子是經濟適用，花費不多，選項C符合原文；以上都是草屋的優點，只有選項D沒有提到，故選D。

　　50. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

　　A. Professor Walker is still not very sure about whether the straw bales and hemp material are as useful as they expect.

　　B. According to Professor Walker, climate change contributes to people’s present attention to straw bale houses.

　　C. People’s idea about the straw houses remains the same.

　　D. The straw bale house built by David Lanfear share the same method to keep out rain as the traditional ones.

　　【答案】C

　　【解析】細節理解題。根據the common ideas about straw houses continue, including stories about the threat of fire.人們的對于草房子的觀點不可能完全一致，故選C。

　　C

　　This is our country, America. The country where everyone is supposed to have a shot at financial success. The country of dreams and ambition. Yet, caused by the endless pursuit of individual profit, our country is a mess. And we owe it all to capitalism.

　　We live in a society where people are forced to live without health coverage. A country where the poor can hardly feed themselves while the rich decide which one of their 10 homes to stay at for the night. All of these sad things arise out of capitalism.

　　Sadly, our country values little more than money. It motivates our decisions and even influences entire political parties. We have gotten to the point in society where a human life comes secondary to our financial security. Any rational society would value life above all else and realize that health is a basic human right. Yet in our world, money comes first.

　　I never once have claimed to be an economist and have no interest in debating the financial advantages of any economic system. Yet socialism surely looks better than what we have.

　　If we lived in a socialist society, we would be a country without such an unfair wealth distribution. We would value friendship over business and we would treat one another as humans. Most importantly, however, is that money would stop controlling our lives and we could act how humans should act.

　　Capitalism has created an “every man for himself” existence. Everything is a battle for limited resources and fuels. We have become so accustomed to the life value that we will do whatever we have to look out for ourselves. Yet is this really the kind of life we want?

　　We have become so illusioned. We are tired of the misdirection. All economic systems have their issues, but I feel like ours is turning our country into something it shouldn’t be. The good of man falls secondary to money. In our world, it is all about dollars and cents, which, unfortunately for most, makes no sense.

　　51. In the author’s opinion, the root cause of the present situation in his country is __________.

　　A. money

　　B. people’s value

　　C. social unfairness

　　D. social system

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】細節理解題。根據we owe it all to capitalism所有的一切都是因為是資本主義社會，也就是他們國家的制度，故選D。

　　52. According to the passage, which is NOT the characteristic of capitalism?

　　A. individualism

　　B. endless pursuit of wealth

　　C. humanism

　　D. great gap between the rich and the poor

　　【答案】C

　　【解析】細節理解題。individualism個人利己主義； endless pursuit of wealth 無休止追求財富；humanism 人道主義；great gap between the rich and the poor富人和窮人的距離拉大；根據Capitalism has created an “every man for himself” existence.利己主義；caused by the endless pursuit of individual profit, 無休止追求財富；If we lived in a socialist society, we would be a country without such an unfair wealth distribution. 財富分配不均；這些都是資本主義的特征，只有人道主義是社會主義的特征，故選C。

　　53. How does the author feel about his country?

　　A. concerned

　　B. angry

　　C. skeptical

　　D. hopeless

　　【答案】A Ks5u

　　【解析】細節理解題。concerned關心的； angry生氣的； skeptical 懷疑的； hopeless絕望的。根據Yet is this really the kind of life we want? I feel like ours is turning our country into something it shouldn’t be.這里顯示出作者很關心自己的國家，故選A。

　　54. Which of the following would the author agree with?

　　A. Life should be placed at the top of our considerations.

　　B. Socialism is perfect.

　　C. Health is equally important as wealth.

　　D. The pursuit for wealth should be restricted.

　　【答案】A K

　　【解析】細節理解題。根據Any rational society would value life above all else 及The good of man falls secondary to money.作者同意錢放在第二位，生命放在第一位，故選A。

　　55. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?

　　A. How to Save America

　　B. Capitalism Is in Trouble

　　C. Why Is America in Trouble

　　D. America Is in Trouble

　　【答案】C

　　【解析】標題歸納題。根據本文的內容敘述了美國為什么處于困境之中，故選C。

　　D

　　A lot of interesting things have happened in the past several months as people from all walks of life learn how to stretch their money. A lot of changes have been accelerated by the fuel shocks during the summer of 2008; in a lot of ways we seem to be reverting to the frugal(economical) sensibilities of a past generation. More people are choosing to be more picky when they swipe their credit cards even if that means not buying things until they have money in their bank accounts, the days of the $0-down mortgage(抵押貸款)seem to be murdered, and there is a lot more acceptance of environmentally-friendly technologies that promise to reduce our overall dependency on foreign oil even if it means taking a hit to the excesses that used to define our quality of living.