Unit 4　Earthquakes

　　Ⅰ.單項填空

　　1．(2024·南京名校階段考試)—I wonder if I could make a living by writing.

　　—________？

　　A．Who cares B．How dare you

　　C．For whatD．Why not take a chance

　　2．(2024·山西太原部分中學高三統(tǒng)一檢測)It came as________shock that ________fire broke out in Shanghai yesterday，killing at least 5 people.

　　A．a(chǎn)；a

　　B．a(chǎn)；/

　　C．/；a D．the；the

　　3．(2024·湖南師大附中一模)The first successful space walk in 2024 is an important historical________in Chinese history.

　　A．eventB．matter

　　C．a(chǎn)ffairD．incident

　　4．(2024·江蘇兩校聯(lián)考)According to the agreement，you________be fined if you fail to meet the goal.

　　A．willB．must

　　C．mightD．shall

　　5．(2024·山東實驗中學二模)You can never be________careful，the road is icy and slippery.

　　A．veryB．too

　　C．quiteD．rather

　　6．(2024·海口質(zhì)檢)I received his mother’s phone call at ten.Only then did I know that he was badly________in an accident the day before yesterday.

　　A．hurtB．injured

　　C．harmedD．wounded

　　7．You are so dependent that I’m afraid you can’t adjust yourself to________alone for a time.

　　A．leaveB．leaving

　　C．be leftD．being left

　　8．(2024·福建六校二模)His best movie，________won several awards，was about the life of Gandhi.

　　A．itB．that

　　C．whereD．which

　　9．The rescue team has saved more than ten people________under the collapsed buildings since the earthquake occurred in Ya’an.

　　A．trappingB．to be trapped

　　C．trappedD．having trapped

　　10．The space suits can be adjusted so that the team can reproduce different levels of gravity as if they________in space.

　　A．a(chǎn)reB．has been

　　C．wereD．had been

　　11．He had lost his temper and his health in the war and never found________of them again.

　　A．neitherB．either

　　C．eachD．a(chǎn)ll

　　12．(2024·山西太原五中模擬)Some parents are just too protective.They want to________their kids from every kind of danger，real or imagined.

　　A．spotB．dismiss

　　C．shelterD．distinguish

　　13．(2024·兗州模擬)—Why do you look so worried?

　　—My computer broke down last week and my essay has been left________since.

　　A．finishedB．prepared

　　C．doneD．unfinished

　　14．(2024·廈門模擬)You will________your chances of getting a pay rise if you don’t work harder than others.

　　A．injureB．wound

　　C．harmD．ruin

　　15．(2024·安徽皖西四校二模)—Hi，Mum.I got promoted for my wonderful performance in my work.

　　—________

　　A．Congratulations！B．Best wishes.

　　C．Good luck.D．Don’t mention it.

　　Ⅱ.閱讀理解

　　A

　　(2024·江西八校聯(lián)考)

　　The forces that make Japan one of the world’s most earthquake-prone (有地震傾向的) countries could become part of its long-term energy solution.

　　Water from deep below the ground at Japan’s tens of thousands of hot springs could be used to produce electricity.

　　Although Japanese high-tech companies are leaders in geothermal (地熱的) technology and export it，its use is limited in the nation.

　　“Japan should no doubt make use of its resources of geothermal energy，” said

　　Yoshiyasu Takefuji，a leading researcher of thermal-electric power production.

　　The disastrous earthquake and tsunami on March 11,2011 caused a reaction against atomic power，which previously made up 30 percent of Japan’s energy needs，and increased interest in alternative energies，which accounted for only 8 percent.

　　Artist Yoko Ono has called on Japan to explore its natural energy，following the example of Iceland which uses renewable energy for more than 80 percent of its needs.

　　For now，geothermal energy makes up less than 1 percent of the energy needs in Japan，which has for decades relied heavily on fossil fuels and atomic power.

　　The biggest problem to geothermal energy is the high initial cost of the exploration and constructing the factories.Another problem is that Japan’s potentially best sites are already being developed for tourism or are located within national parks where construction is forbidden.

　　“We can’t even dig 10 cm inside national parks.” said Shigeto Yamada of Fuji Electric，adding that regulations protecting nature would need to be relaxed for geothermal energy to grow.

　　Researcher Hideaki Matsui said，“Producing electricity using hot springs is a decades-long project.We also have to think about what to do for now as energy supplies will decline in the short term.”

　　The Earth Policy Institute in Washington，US，believed Japan could produce 80 000 megawatts (兆瓦) and meet more than half its electricity needs with geothermal technology.

　　Japanese giants such as Toshiba are already global leaders in geothermal technology，with a 70 percent market share.In 2010，F(xiàn)uji Electric built the world’s largest geothermal factory in New Zealand.

　　1．What would be the best title for the text?

　　A．Alternative energies in Japan

　　B．World’s largest geothermal plant

　　C．Japan takes the lead in geothermal technology

　　D．Japan thinks of geothermal energy

　　2．What percentage of Japan’s energy needs is geothermal energy?

　　A．About 8%.B．Below 1%.

　　C．Around 30%.D．Over 80%.

　　3．According to Shigeto Yamada，the growth of geothermal power in Japan needs________.

　　A．a(chǎn) change of rules B．financial support

　　C．local people’s help D．high technology

　　4．Geothermal energy is considered as a long-term program by________.

　　A．Yoshiyasu Takefuji

　　B．Hideaki Matsui

　　C．Shigeto Yamada

　　D．Yoko Ono

　　5．It can be learned from the last two paragraphs that________.

　　A．the world’s biggest geothermal plant was built by America

　　B．Japan will not export its geothermal technology

　　C．the potential of Japan’s geothermal energy is great

　　D．it is hard to find geothermal energy in Japan

　　B

　　(2024·泰安復(fù)習質(zhì)量檢測)

　　University of Maryland student Ben Simon and his friends couldn’t stand to see good food thrown out on their campus.“We basically noticed that some of the extra food from the dining hall was going to waste at the end of the day.And we met with the dining services and asked them whether it would be okay if instead of throwing out the food we would donate it.And they were on board，” he said.

　　So 18 months ago，the students began what they call the Food Recovery Network.Each night，volunteers would show up at a campus dining hall to pick up leftovers and deliver them to area shelters and food banks.So far，they have donated more than 23 000 kilos of food that would otherwise have been thrown out.

　　Nationwide，$165 billion worth of food is wasted each year，according to the National Resources Defense Council.Spokesman Bob Keefe says that is about 40% of the country’s entire food production.“If we can reduce our waste in this country by 15%，we can feed 25 million hungry Americans.That is a huge benefit.That is what programs like this Food Recovery Network are doing，” he said.

　　Christian Life Center is one of the beneficiaries (受益者) of the students’ efforts.Ben Slye，the senior pastor (牧師)，said，“It has been just amazing to see these students take their own time，their own vehicles and own gas money and be able to make an effort like this.Each week we are able with this food probably to feed over hundred people.”

　　The University of Maryland’s Food Recovery Network now has 200 volunteers and the program has expanded to 18 schools across the country.“I want to grow 18 chapters to a thousand chapters within five years.And once we get to the Food Recovery Nation being at every college campus in America，we want to expand to restaurants and farms.” said Simon.

　　The volunteers are committed to making that happen.

　　6．The dining services in University of Maryland________.

　　A．threw out good food on the campus

　　B．supported the volunteers’ job

　　C．enjoyed the talk with the students

　　D．donated their leftovers to the poor

　　7．Volunteers from the Food Recovery Network________.

　　A．started the Food Recovery Network two years ago

　　B．delivered leftovers as well as money to shelters

　　C．helped to solve the hunger issues in America

　　D．donated leftovers to avoid food waste

　　8．Ben Slye’s attitude toward the volunteers’ effort was that of________.

　　A．unconcern B．doubt

　　C．a(chǎn)ppreciationD．opposition

　　9．We can learn from the text that________.

　　A．over 40% of the country’s entire food is wasted each year

　　B．a(chǎn)ltogether 25 million Americans suffer from hunger nowadays

　　C．Simon aims to expand the program to restaurants and farms

　　D．every college has started the Food Recovery Network

　　10．What can be the best title for the text?

　　A．College Students Rescue Leftover Food

　　B．Battles Against the Problem of Hunger

　　C．How to Pick up Leftovers on College Campuses

　　D．Waste Problems in University of Maryland

　　.書面表達

　　(2024·江西卷)

　　星光中學(Xingguang Middle School)近期舉行了一次登山活動。假定你是學校英語報記者，請寫一篇短文，報道此次活動。內(nèi)容包括：

　　1．時間與地點：4月10日，大青山(Daqing Mountain)；2.活動的過程；3.你對于這次活動的評論。

　　注意：1.詞數(shù)120左右；2.可適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。課時作業(yè)(四)

　　.單項填空

　　1．解析：　考查交際用語。句意為：——我想知道我是否可以靠寫作謀生。——為什么不試一下？根據(jù)句意可知，應(yīng)選D。

　　答案：　D

　　2．解析：　句意為：昨天發(fā)生在上海的一場火災(zāi)造成至少5人死亡，這真是讓人震驚的事情。“a shock”表示“一件讓人震驚的事情”，故第一空用不定冠詞a；“a fire”泛指“一場火災(zāi)”，故第二空也用不定冠詞a。

　　答案：　A

　　3．解析：　考查名詞詞義辨析。event指“大事件、國際事件或歷史上的事件”，符合句意。matter指“亟待考慮或解決的事情，也可稱作問題”；affair指“個人或國家的雜事”；incident指“小事件或政治事變”。

　　答案：　A

　　4．解析：　考查情態(tài)動詞。句意為：按照協(xié)議，如果你沒有達到目標，你將會被罰款。shall用于第二、三人稱，表示說話人給對方的承諾、警告、命令等，符合句意。

　　答案：　D

　　5．解析：　考查副詞用法。否定詞not、never等與too連用時，意為“再……也不為過，越……越好”，其他幾項均無此用法。

　　答案：　B

　　6．解析：　在意外事故中受傷常用injure。句意為：十點鐘時我接到他母親的電話。直到那時我才知道他在前天的一次意外事故中傷得很嚴重。

　　答案：　B

　　7．解析：　考查非謂語動詞。主語You與leave是邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系；且adjust oneself to中的to為介詞。綜合可知，應(yīng)選D。

　　答案：　D

　　8．解析：　考查定語從句。句意為：他最好的(那部)電影，獲得了好幾個獎，內(nèi)容是關(guān)于甘地的生活。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處應(yīng)為非限制性定語從句的引導詞，從句缺少主語，且先行詞為物，故用which。

　　答案：　D

　　9．解析：　考查非謂語動詞。more than ten people與trap構(gòu)成邏輯上的被動關(guān)系，需用被動語態(tài)，可選B、C；再根據(jù)句中的has saved，知trap動作已經(jīng)完成，故用過去分詞。句意為：自從雅安地震發(fā)生以來，這個救援小隊已經(jīng)從倒塌的建筑物下救出了10多個人。

　　答案：　C

　　10．解析：　考查虛擬語氣以及as if的用法。根據(jù)句中的can be adjusted，知這些隊員現(xiàn)在還沒在太空，是一個與現(xiàn)在事實相反的虛擬語氣，故用were。句意為：這些太空服可以調(diào)節(jié)以便隊員們能模仿不同級別的引力，好像他們在太空似的。

　　答案：　C

　　11．解析：　句意為：戰(zhàn)爭中他發(fā)脾氣且損害了健康；但現(xiàn)在兩樣都沒有了。根據(jù)題干中的temper和health，可知設(shè)空處指的是兩者，故排除D項；each指兩者或兩者以上的每個，不合句意；題干中出現(xiàn)了never，故排除表否定的neither；never與either連用，表示全部否定，故為正確答案。

　　答案：　B

　　12．解析：　考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)前一句中的內(nèi)容可知父母想給孩子提供“庇護”，讓他們避免各種危險，無論是真實的，還是想象的。A項表示“認出；發(fā)現(xiàn)”，B項表示“開除；解散”，D項表示“區(qū)分”，都不符合語意。

　　答案：　C

　　13．解析：　考查leave的用法及動詞詞義的辨析。句式結(jié)構(gòu)：leave＋賓語＋賓語補足語，由上文中“看起來很著急”可知，論文應(yīng)該還未完成，故選D項。

　　答案：　D

　　14．解析：　考查動詞辨析。ruin可用其引申含義，意為“毀壞”，此時其賓語通常是health，fame，chance等。injure側(cè)重身體上的傷害；wound側(cè)重戰(zhàn)場上的刀傷、槍傷等；harm指“對……有害”。

　　答案：　D

　　15．解析：　考查交際用語。孩子因在工作中表現(xiàn)得好而得到提升，媽媽應(yīng)該表示“祝賀”，所以選A。

　　答案：　A

　　.閱讀理解

　　語篇解讀　本文為一篇科普說明文。讓日本經(jīng)常地震的一些自然力有可能會被轉(zhuǎn)化成日本長期可持續(xù)利用的清潔能源，即：地熱。本文對其進行了詳細介紹。

　　1．解析：　標題概括題。根據(jù)文章第三段的導入和倒數(shù)第三段最后一句“We also have to think about what to do for now as energy supplies will decline in the short term”，以及對全文的整體理解可知，本文主要講的“日本正在考慮如何使用地熱”的問題，所以D項最適合做文章的標題。

　　答案：　D

　　2．解析：　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第七段“For now，geothermal energy makes up less than 1 percent of the energy needs in Japan...”可知，答案B符合文意。

　　答案：　B

　　3．解析：　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第四段中的“adding that regulations protecting nature would need to be relaxed for geothermal energy to grow”可推知，答案A符合文意。

　　答案：　A

　　4．解析：　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第三段“Researcher Hideaki Matsui said，Producing electricity using hot springs is a decades-long project...”可知，答案B符合文意。

　　答案：　B

　　5．解析：　推理判斷題。根據(jù)對文章最后兩段的整體理解可知，日本的地熱能源潛力巨大。