以下給出的文章和內容基于課堂所講的功能段落和表達，目的在于幫助有緣在課堂相識的同學復習課堂所講，并幫助考生重溫現象、建議、意義、原因、觀點和危害的功能表達。復習時，請勿追求面面俱到，重點復習現象、建議和意義，如果有時間也復習其他三種功能段。范文中重復部分是常見功能表達。

　　2023年12月四六級考試在即，石雷鵬老師分析13年12月最有可能考的功能段落應該是：現象、建議、意義和原因;次之為危害和觀點對比。無論考何種形式作文，最簡易的處理方式是：有漢語提綱則按照漢語提綱寫相應的功能段落，若無漢語提綱則按照話題和內容要求直接寫相應的功能表達或自己列出基本提綱再寫相應功能表達!圖表和圖畫、書信亦可如此!

　　圖畫、話語評論和圖表作文可按照相同模式來處理：首段引出話語，圖畫和圖表，并對其內容描述評論;二段寫對應現象、意義或危害，尾段寫看法和建議并展望!背誦功能表達組合完成作文。

　　近年四六級跑題率很高，審題是關鍵，建議關注1 體裁+話題;2內容要求：英文提示/漢語提綱;3字數。如13年6月六級Earth provides enough to satisfy every mans need, but not every mans greed. 應關注四類詞：名動形副，如earth, satisfy, man, greed等，對應寫現象、意義、建議或危害。

　　話題1：老年人孤獨生活

　　Part I Writing

　　Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your views on the lonely life of aged people. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

　　2023年12月四六級寫作沖刺備考

　　Given is a simple but thought-provoking cartoon: an aged grandma sits in front of mirror, looking at herself in the mirror and saying to herself, I feel rather lonely when my son goes to work and my grandson studies in school.

　　首句功能為：引出圖畫;之后為圖畫內容描述，主要是四要素：人/物、動作、文字和環境，寫出四要素中的兩三點即可。

　　Obviously, this cartoon can be naturally associated with the significance of childrens accompany for aged parents: if elderly people intend to enjoy happiness,it is advisable for their children to spend more time in parents. In contemporary society, it has become a trend for young people to be busy with their work and study. Meanwhile, an increasing number of youngsters find it difficult to have spare time to accompany lonely parents. However, it is adult childrens accompany that enables aged parents to build up adequate hope, love and enthusiasm for life. As a matter of fact, young people in large numbers have not come to realize the loneliness of aged people.

　　二段首句：圖畫聯系主題;之后if句為圖畫簡單評論;in contemporary society一句為圖畫所暗含的社會現象;meanwhile一句為相關人+具體感受;however之后為強調句式，論述意義;尾句是萬能總結。

　　As a youngster, I am convinced that it is of great necessity for us to accompany aged parents, no matter how busy we are. Accordingly, we should educate, advocate and encourage our friends, classmates and acquaintances to love, respect and care all elderly people.

　　尾段首句：觀點;二句建議;尾句展望未來。

　　話題2：網絡謠言

　　Part I Writing

　　Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay by commenting on the remark It is unbelievable for people to believe what they should not believe: Internet rumors. You can cite some examples to illustrate your point. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.

　　Given is a simple but thought-provoking remark: it is unbelievable for people to believe what they should not believe: Internet rumors. Obviously, this saying can be naturally associated with the seriousness of rumors: if we intend to have a positive Internet environment, it is advisable to eliminate/refuse rumors.

　　In contemporary society, it has become a trend for individuals to surf the Internet for the information they need. Meanwhile, an increasing number of people find it rather difficult to distinguish the true news from rumors. Searching the Internet, we can notice a great many examples like this: false news, ads and pictures. Then, it is these rumors that lead the public to be cheated, confused and even panic. As a matter of fact, experts in large numbers have come to realize the importance of Internet honesty.

　　As a regular Internet surfer, I am convinced that it is of great necessity for government to punish rumor makers. Accordingly, we should educate, advocate and encourage our friends, classmates and acquaintances to refuse making and spreading rumors. Sparing no efforts to do so, we will witness a hopeful and promising future of Internet life.

　　話題3：延遲退休

　　Directions：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Should Retirement Age Be Postponed? Youd write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Your writing should be based on the following outline.

　　1. 近年來，推遲退休年齡引發人們熱議

　　2. 推遲退休年齡有利也有弊

　　3. 我的看法

　　Based on a recent survey on the Internet, a majority of individuals admit that aging society will bring a variety of problems to their life. Along with the trend of longevity, it has become a trend for people to debate whether it is wise to postpone retirement age.

　　A number of individuals favor postponing the retirement age. In their eyes, it is this policy that enables the aging society to build up enough work-force. As a matter of fact, people in mounting numbers have come to realize this problem in an aging society. Even so, others hold a different view that postponing retirement age carries some risks. This policy can bring old people stress, but cannot arouse their enthusiasm for work, and cannot help them to enjoy their retirement pension.

　　I am convinced that we should take into account the wishes of old people. If those seniors have enthusiasm for work, we should educate, advocate and encourage them to work and perform their tasks; if not, it is advisable for the society to create a comfortable twilight for them. If we try our utmost to do so, the future of old people life will be promising and hopeful.

　　話題4：教育回報

　　For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Education Pays based on the statistics provided in the chart below . Please give a brief description of the chart first and then make comments on it. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

　　Given is a simple but enlightening chart by US Bureau of Labor: in2010，it had become a trend fordoctors, masters and bachelors to earn more money in a week in US--- $1551, $1272 and $1038. Meanwhile, we can notice that weekly earnings of college graduates with no degrees, those with high school diploma and people with less than high school diploma were $712, $626 and $444 respectively.

　　Obviously, this chart can be naturally associated with the importance of education: if individuals intend to acquire/ gain/ get better earnings, it is advisable for them to gain higher degrees. In contemporary America, it has become a trend for a host of companies/firms/corporations/ organizations to hire doctors and masters and pay them better salaries. It is education that enables them to build up adequate knowledge, skills and ability to deal with important tasks. As a matter of fact, employees and employers in large numbers have come to realize the significance of higher degrees.

　　As a college student, I am convinced that it is of great necessity for youngsters to enhance ourselves by studying hard and getting better degrees. Do bear in mind: education is a worthy investment.

　　以下給出的文章和內容基于課堂所講的功能段落和表達，目的在于幫助有緣在課堂相識的同學復習課堂所講，并幫助考生重溫現象、建議、意義、原因、觀點和危害的功能表達。復習時，請勿追求面面俱到，重點復習現象、建議和意義，如果有時間也復習其他三種功能段。范文中重復部分是常見功能表達。

　　2023年12月四六級考試在即，石雷鵬老師分析13年12月最有可能考的功能段落應該是：現象、建議、意義和原因;次之為危害和觀點對比。無論考何種形式作文，最簡易的處理方式是：有漢語提綱則按照漢語提綱寫相應的功能段落，若無漢語提綱則按照話題和內容要求直接寫相應的功能表達或自己列出基本提綱再寫相應功能表達!圖表和圖畫、書信亦可如此!

　　圖畫、話語評論和圖表作文可按照相同模式來處理：首段引出話語，圖畫和圖表，并對其內容描述評論;二段寫對應現象、意義或危害，尾段寫看法和建議并展望!背誦功能表達組合完成作文。

　　近年四六級跑題率很高，審題是關鍵，建議關注1 體裁+話題;2內容要求：英文提示/漢語提綱;3字數。如13年6月六級Earth provides enough to satisfy every mans need, but not every mans greed. 應關注四類詞：名動形副，如earth, satisfy, man, greed等，對應寫現象、意義、建議或危害。

　　話題1：老年人孤獨生活

　　Part I Writing

　　Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your views on the lonely life of aged people. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

　　2023年12月四六級寫作沖刺備考

　　Given is a simple but thought-provoking cartoon: an aged grandma sits in front of mirror, looking at herself in the mirror and saying to herself, I feel rather lonely when my son goes to work and my grandson studies in school.

　　首句功能為：引出圖畫;之后為圖畫內容描述，主要是四要素：人/物、動作、文字和環境，寫出四要素中的兩三點即可。

　　Obviously, this cartoon can be naturally associated with the significance of childrens accompany for aged parents: if elderly people intend to enjoy happiness,it is advisable for their children to spend more time in parents. In contemporary society, it has become a trend for young people to be busy with their work and study. Meanwhile, an increasing number of youngsters find it difficult to have spare time to accompany lonely parents. However, it is adult childrens accompany that enables aged parents to build up adequate hope, love and enthusiasm for life. As a matter of fact, young people in large numbers have not come to realize the loneliness of aged people.

　　二段首句：圖畫聯系主題;之后if句為圖畫簡單評論;in contemporary society一句為圖畫所暗含的社會現象;meanwhile一句為相關人+具體感受;however之后為強調句式，論述意義;尾句是萬能總結。

　　As a youngster, I am convinced that it is of great necessity for us to accompany aged parents, no matter how busy we are. Accordingly, we should educate, advocate and encourage our friends, classmates and acquaintances to love, respect and care all elderly people.

　　尾段首句：觀點;二句建議;尾句展望未來。

　　話題2：網絡謠言

　　Part I Writing

　　Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay by commenting on the remark It is unbelievable for people to believe what they should not believe: Internet rumors. You can cite some examples to illustrate your point. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.

　　Given is a simple but thought-provoking remark: it is unbelievable for people to believe what they should not believe: Internet rumors. Obviously, this saying can be naturally associated with the seriousness of rumors: if we intend to have a positive Internet environment, it is advisable to eliminate/refuse rumors.

　　In contemporary society, it has become a trend for individuals to surf the Internet for the information they need. Meanwhile, an increasing number of people find it rather difficult to distinguish the true news from rumors. Searching the Internet, we can notice a great many examples like this: false news, ads and pictures. Then, it is these rumors that lead the public to be cheated, confused and even panic. As a matter of fact, experts in large numbers have come to realize the importance of Internet honesty.

　　As a regular Internet surfer, I am convinced that it is of great necessity for government to punish rumor makers. Accordingly, we should educate, advocate and encourage our friends, classmates and acquaintances to refuse making and spreading rumors. Sparing no efforts to do so, we will witness a hopeful and promising future of Internet life.

　　話題3：延遲退休

　　Directions：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Should Retirement Age Be Postponed? Youd write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Your writing should be based on the following outline.

　　1. 近年來，推遲退休年齡引發人們熱議

　　2. 推遲退休年齡有利也有弊

　　3. 我的看法

　　Based on a recent survey on the Internet, a majority of individuals admit that aging society will bring a variety of problems to their life. Along with the trend of longevity, it has become a trend for people to debate whether it is wise to postpone retirement age.

　　A number of individuals favor postponing the retirement age. In their eyes, it is this policy that enables the aging society to build up enough work-force. As a matter of fact, people in mounting numbers have come to realize this problem in an aging society. Even so, others hold a different view that postponing retirement age carries some risks. This policy can bring old people stress, but cannot arouse their enthusiasm for work, and cannot help them to enjoy their retirement pension.

　　I am convinced that we should take into account the wishes of old people. If those seniors have enthusiasm for work, we should educate, advocate and encourage them to work and perform their tasks; if not, it is advisable for the society to create a comfortable twilight for them. If we try our utmost to do so, the future of old people life will be promising and hopeful.

　　話題4：教育回報

　　For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Education Pays based on the statistics provided in the chart below . Please give a brief description of the chart first and then make comments on it. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

　　Given is a simple but enlightening chart by US Bureau of Labor: in2010，it had become a trend fordoctors, masters and bachelors to earn more money in a week in US--- $1551, $1272 and $1038. Meanwhile, we can notice that weekly earnings of college graduates with no degrees, those with high school diploma and people with less than high school diploma were $712, $626 and $444 respectively.

　　Obviously, this chart can be naturally associated with the importance of education: if individuals intend to acquire/ gain/ get better earnings, it is advisable for them to gain higher degrees. In contemporary America, it has become a trend for a host of companies/firms/corporations/ organizations to hire doctors and masters and pay them better salaries. It is education that enables them to build up adequate knowledge, skills and ability to deal with important tasks. As a matter of fact, employees and employers in large numbers have come to realize the significance of higher degrees.

　　As a college student, I am convinced that it is of great necessity for youngsters to enhance ourselves by studying hard and getting better degrees. Do bear in mind: education is a worthy investment.