英語四級閱讀理解改革后新題型練習
以下是在線為同學們整理的改革后新題型，供各位考生參考。 Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension Section B
Section B
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
How to Make Peace with Your Workload
Swamped ,under the gun, just struggling to stay above water...; whatever office cliche you employ to depict it, we ve all been in that situation where we feel like we might be swallowed up by our workload. Nonetheless many a way may be used to manage your to-do list to prevent feeling overwhelmed. How to make peace with your workload once and for all goes as follows.
Get organized. Clear the deadwood out of your desk and keep your office in shape, which enhances your capability to handle other tasks and raises the probability that youll retrieve the items you do need in a faster and easier fashion, says Jeff Davidson who works as a work/life expert and writer of more than 50 books on workplace issues. When something can be disposed, let it go, given in reality most of what you retain is replaceable. Joel Rudy, vice president of operations for Photographic Solutions, with better than thirty years of business management experience, believes that keeping organized is a must. Messy work areas are nonproductive in some measure. Provided that you can t locate a document or report easily because its lost in a pile of mess, then you have a problematic situation, he says. Thereby you are supposed to take the time to tidy up your work areas and keep your important files, manuals and reports in an accessible location, which will maximize your efficiencies.
Make a to-do list, then cover it up. It may sound weird, but it works, says Jessica Carlson, an account executive at Bluefish Design Studio which is an advertising consulting firm. Carlson urges her team to utilize to-do lists to stay on track and highlight items that are a priority. Cover up the list, with the exception of one high-priority task at one time, she suggests. This will allow you to focus better on the task at hand; otherwise, it will be easy to get overwhelmed if youre reading through a to-do list that spans an entire page. Concentrating on a single item will make your tasks appear like they are more doable, Carlson says.
Stop multitasking. Despite what you may consider multitasking, its counterproductive. Unless youre drinking coffee while scanning your morning e-mails, youre not saving any time by attempting to do ten things at once. If you find yourself getting tangled in too many things, it may be of much necessity of you to re-evaluate your involvement, Rudy says. Your mind will wander from one topic to another and you may end up never accomplishing a thing. Rudy recommends the best way to stop multitasking is to create priority lists with deadlines. When applicable, complete one project before you move further on to the next one, he says.
Set time limits. Deborah Chaddock-Brown, a work-at-home single parent, says shes frequently overwhelmed by the demands of maintaining order in her residence and running her own business. Still, she manages to do it all by setting a time limit for each task. I have the type of personality that flits from thing to thing because I do have so much on my plate, Brown says. As a consequence I assign time slots: For the next 15 minutes I will participate in social media for the purpose of marketing my business and that is the only thing I am about to do for the next 15 minutes. When the time is up, I move on to the next task. That way, at night I dont end up with a pile of tasks to accomplish even though I felt busy all day.
Talk to your manager. Quite often, people are working on things that are no longer a top priority, but someone forgot to tell them . There are usually clear priorities in the managers head; he or she has just not done a great job communicating those with the employee, says Holly Green, CEO of The Human Factor. Greens suggestion unfolds in this manner: If you find yourself confronted with too many responsibilities, sit down, note the significant things you are in charge of, and go to your manager to have a conversation to discuss priorities, trade-offs, time commitments and interdependencies required to do each thing well, and then ask what you should stop working on or work on less so you can get the right things done. Green says managers should be willing to help sort out priorities, so long as employees have a can-do approach and arent just complaining about their workload.
Eliminate time wasters. If interruptions are keeping you from your responsibilities, learn how to deal with them accordingly, says Eileen Roth, author of Organizing for Dummies. Roth proposes the following suggestions to combat disruptions: Use voice mail to cut down on telephone interruptions, turn off the alert that says Youve got an e-mail; and give staff members a set time to visit you. Justin Gramm, president of Globella Buyers Realty, exemplifies Roths point. E-mail had been a big time waster for me in the past because it was a constant interruption, causing me to lose focus on the task at hand, he says. Since determined to check his e-mails only twice a day, Gramm says he has become much more efficient. If people want to get more work done, they need to stop checking e-mails and get down to business, he says.
Assess your workload before taking on new tasks. The paradox of todays work environment is that the more you do, the more thats expected of you, Davidson says. In order to better assess your workload, Davidson suggests asking yourself the following questions before agreeing to undertake new responsibilities: Is the task aligned with your priorities and goals; Are you likely to be as prone to saying yes to such a request tomorrow or next week; What else could you do that would be more rewarding; What other pressing tasks and responsibilities are you likely to face; Does the other party have options other than you; Will he or she be crushed if you say no?
Want to know more? Most of our experts recommended books for additional tips on how to maximize efficiency, but one book was mentioned time and again. Check out The Seven Habits of Highly Effective People.
46. The more you do, the more you are expected to do has been a paradox in todays work environment.
47. As long as employees have a can-do attitude and do not just complain about their workload, the managers would like to help them decide what to do first.
48. As a single parent, Deborah Chaddock-Brown finds it difficult to make a balance between business and housework.
49. There are many useful methods of preventing people from feeling overwhelmed by workload.
50. Messy work areas are nonproductive to some extent, so you are supposed to keep your work areas tidy and important files at hand.
51. To know more about how to maximize efficiency, The Seven Habits of Highly Effective People is recommended.
52. In Organizing for Dummies, using voice mail to cut down on telephone interruptions and turning off the e-mail notice are suggested in combating interruptions.
53. According to Rudy, the best way to stop multitasking is to make a list of priorities and set deadlines for each task.
54. Focusing on a single matter will make your tasks appear more possible to be done.
55. In fact, most of what people retain is substitutable, so dispose the things that are disposable.
Section B
46. 。題干意為，你做的工作越多，期望你完成的工作就越多已經成為當今工作環境中的一種悖論。注 意抓住題干中的關鍵詞the more...the more...、paradox和work environment。文章段落中，論及悖論和工作環 境的內容在段出現，該段第二句提到，目前的工作環境中存在著一個悖論，那就是你做的工作越多， 期望你完成的工作就越多。由此可知，題干是對原文的同義轉述，故答案為。
47. 。題干意為，只要員工抱有積極進取的態度而不是只抱怨他們的工作量，經理們將樂于幫助員工決定 首先應該做什么。注意抓住題干中的關鍵詞employees和managers、complain about their workload。文章段落 中，論及抱怨工作量以及員工和經理之間關系的內容在段出現，該段末句提到，只要員工有積極進取 的態度而不只是抱怨工作量，經理們應該樂于幫助員工梳理工作的優先次序。由此可知，題干是對原文的 同義轉述，故答案為。題干中的as long as和原文中的so long as對應，題干中的decide what to do first和原 文中的 sort out priorities 對應。
48. 。題干意為，作為一個單親媽媽，德博拉查多克-布朗發現很難在生意和家務之間找到平衡點。注意抓 住題干中的關鍵詞single parent和Deborah Chaddock-Brown。文章段落中，論及單親媽媽和提到人名 Deborah Chaddock-Brown的內容在段出現，該段第二句提到，德博拉查多克-布朗是一位在家工作的 單親母親，她說自己經常對既要做家務又要經營自己的事業感到不堪重負。由此可知，題干是對原文的同 義轉述，故答案為。題干中的make a balance和原文中的maintaining order對應。
49. 。題干意為，有很多有用的方法可以使人們避免產生不堪重負的感覺。注意抓住題干中的關鍵詞 preventfeeling overwhelmed。文章段落中，論及避免產生不堪重負的感覺的內容在段出現，該段第二 句提到，我們可以采用很多方法來管理所有待辦事項，以避免產生不堪重負的感覺。由此可知，題干是對 原文的同義轉述，故答案為。
50. 。題干意為，雜亂的工作區在某種程度上會影響工作效率，所以你應該保持你的辦公區域整潔并且重 要文件就在手這。注意抓住題干中的關鍵詞messy work areas、nonproductive和you are supposed to。文章段落 中，論及雜亂的工作區影響工作效率以及保持辦公區域整潔的內容在段出現，該段第五句提到，雜亂
的工作區在某種程度上會影響工作效率。該段末句提到，因此，你應該花些時間來整理一下自己的辦公區 域，把重要的文件、手冊和報告都放在隨手可取的位置，這樣可以在最大程度上提高你的工作效率。由此 可知，題干是對原文部分內容的歸納總結，故答案為。題干中的to some extent和原文中的in some measure對應，題干中的at hand和原文中的in an accessible location對應。
51. 。題干意為，若想了解更多關于如何最大限度地提高效率的內容，推薦閱讀《高效能人士的七個習慣》。 注意抓住題干中的關鍵詞。文章段落中，只有段提到 了《高效能人士的七個習慣》一書，該段提到，大多數專家都會推薦很多關于如何最大限度地提高效率的 書，其中有一本書一再被提及：《高效能人士的七個習慣》。由此可知，題干是對該段內容的歸納總 結，故答案為。
52. 。題干意為，在《組織力傻瓜書》一書中，建議使用語音信箱來減少電話打擾和關掉郵件提示的方法來 對抗干擾。注意抓住題干中的關鍵詞。文章段落中，論及《組織力傻瓜書》一 書的內容在段出現，該段第二句提到，羅思提出了以下建議來對抗干擾：使用語音信箱來減少電話 打擾，關掉您有一封新郵件的語音提示，以及安排出固定時間來見有事找你的員工。由此可知，題干是 對原文的同義轉述，故答案為。
53. 。題干意為，根據魯迪所說，停止同時處理多項任務的最佳方法是創建一個優先級工作列表，且每項 工作都規定好最后期限。注意抓住題干中的關鍵詞Rudy、multitasking和deadlines。文章段落中，提到人名 Rudy、論及多項任務以及最后期限的內容在段出現，該段倒數第二句提到，魯迪建議停止同時進行多 項任務的最佳方法就是創建一個優先級工作列表，且每項工作都規定好最后期限。由此可知，題干是對原 文的同義轉述，故答案為。
54. 。題干意為，將注意力集中在單個事情上，這會讓你覺得你的任務似乎更容易執行。注意抓住題干中的 關鍵詞single matter和your tasks appear。文章段落中，論及單個事情的內容在段出現，該段最后一句提 到，將注意力集中在一項任務上，會讓你覺得清單上的任務似乎更可執行。由此可知，題干是對原文的同 義轉述，故答案為。題干中的focusing和原文中的concentrating對應，題干中的more possible to be done和 原文中的more doable對應。
55. 。題干意為，事實上，人們保留的大部分東西都是可替代的，所以，將可以處理掉的東西處理掉。注意 抓住題干中的關鍵詞retain和dispose。文章段落中，論及保留和處理東西的內容在段出現，該段第三句 提到，當有些東西能被處理時，就處理掉，畢竟實際上大多數你所保留的東西都是可替代的。由此可知， 題干是對原文的同義轉述，故答案為。題干中的substitutable和原文中的replaceable對應。
以下是在線為同學們整理的改革后新題型，供各位考生參考。 Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension Section B
Section B
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
How to Make Peace with Your Workload
Swamped ,under the gun, just struggling to stay above water...; whatever office cliche you employ to depict it, we ve all been in that situation where we feel like we might be swallowed up by our workload. Nonetheless many a way may be used to manage your to-do list to prevent feeling overwhelmed. How to make peace with your workload once and for all goes as follows.
Get organized. Clear the deadwood out of your desk and keep your office in shape, which enhances your capability to handle other tasks and raises the probability that youll retrieve the items you do need in a faster and easier fashion, says Jeff Davidson who works as a work/life expert and writer of more than 50 books on workplace issues. When something can be disposed, let it go, given in reality most of what you retain is replaceable. Joel Rudy, vice president of operations for Photographic Solutions, with better than thirty years of business management experience, believes that keeping organized is a must. Messy work areas are nonproductive in some measure. Provided that you can t locate a document or report easily because its lost in a pile of mess, then you have a problematic situation, he says. Thereby you are supposed to take the time to tidy up your work areas and keep your important files, manuals and reports in an accessible location, which will maximize your efficiencies.
Make a to-do list, then cover it up. It may sound weird, but it works, says Jessica Carlson, an account executive at Bluefish Design Studio which is an advertising consulting firm. Carlson urges her team to utilize to-do lists to stay on track and highlight items that are a priority. Cover up the list, with the exception of one high-priority task at one time, she suggests. This will allow you to focus better on the task at hand; otherwise, it will be easy to get overwhelmed if youre reading through a to-do list that spans an entire page. Concentrating on a single item will make your tasks appear like they are more doable, Carlson says.
Stop multitasking. Despite what you may consider multitasking, its counterproductive. Unless youre drinking coffee while scanning your morning e-mails, youre not saving any time by attempting to do ten things at once. If you find yourself getting tangled in too many things, it may be of much necessity of you to re-evaluate your involvement, Rudy says. Your mind will wander from one topic to another and you may end up never accomplishing a thing. Rudy recommends the best way to stop multitasking is to create priority lists with deadlines. When applicable, complete one project before you move further on to the next one, he says.
Set time limits. Deborah Chaddock-Brown, a work-at-home single parent, says shes frequently overwhelmed by the demands of maintaining order in her residence and running her own business. Still, she manages to do it all by setting a time limit for each task. I have the type of personality that flits from thing to thing because I do have so much on my plate, Brown says. As a consequence I assign time slots: For the next 15 minutes I will participate in social media for the purpose of marketing my business and that is the only thing I am about to do for the next 15 minutes. When the time is up, I move on to the next task. That way, at night I dont end up with a pile of tasks to accomplish even though I felt busy all day.
Talk to your manager. Quite often, people are working on things that are no longer a top priority, but someone forgot to tell them . There are usually clear priorities in the managers head; he or she has just not done a great job communicating those with the employee, says Holly Green, CEO of The Human Factor. Greens suggestion unfolds in this manner: If you find yourself confronted with too many responsibilities, sit down, note the significant things you are in charge of, and go to your manager to have a conversation to discuss priorities, trade-offs, time commitments and interdependencies required to do each thing well, and then ask what you should stop working on or work on less so you can get the right things done. Green says managers should be willing to help sort out priorities, so long as employees have a can-do approach and arent just complaining about their workload.
Eliminate time wasters. If interruptions are keeping you from your responsibilities, learn how to deal with them accordingly, says Eileen Roth, author of Organizing for Dummies. Roth proposes the following suggestions to combat disruptions: Use voice mail to cut down on telephone interruptions, turn off the alert that says Youve got an e-mail; and give staff members a set time to visit you. Justin Gramm, president of Globella Buyers Realty, exemplifies Roths point. E-mail had been a big time waster for me in the past because it was a constant interruption, causing me to lose focus on the task at hand, he says. Since determined to check his e-mails only twice a day, Gramm says he has become much more efficient. If people want to get more work done, they need to stop checking e-mails and get down to business, he says.
Assess your workload before taking on new tasks. The paradox of todays work environment is that the more you do, the more thats expected of you, Davidson says. In order to better assess your workload, Davidson suggests asking yourself the following questions before agreeing to undertake new responsibilities: Is the task aligned with your priorities and goals; Are you likely to be as prone to saying yes to such a request tomorrow or next week; What else could you do that would be more rewarding; What other pressing tasks and responsibilities are you likely to face; Does the other party have options other than you; Will he or she be crushed if you say no?
Want to know more? Most of our experts recommended books for additional tips on how to maximize efficiency, but one book was mentioned time and again. Check out The Seven Habits of Highly Effective People.
46. The more you do, the more you are expected to do has been a paradox in todays work environment.
47. As long as employees have a can-do attitude and do not just complain about their workload, the managers would like to help them decide what to do first.
48. As a single parent, Deborah Chaddock-Brown finds it difficult to make a balance between business and housework.
49. There are many useful methods of preventing people from feeling overwhelmed by workload.
50. Messy work areas are nonproductive to some extent, so you are supposed to keep your work areas tidy and important files at hand.
51. To know more about how to maximize efficiency, The Seven Habits of Highly Effective People is recommended.
52. In Organizing for Dummies, using voice mail to cut down on telephone interruptions and turning off the e-mail notice are suggested in combating interruptions.
53. According to Rudy, the best way to stop multitasking is to make a list of priorities and set deadlines for each task.
54. Focusing on a single matter will make your tasks appear more possible to be done.
55. In fact, most of what people retain is substitutable, so dispose the things that are disposable.
Section B
46. 。題干意為，你做的工作越多，期望你完成的工作就越多已經成為當今工作環境中的一種悖論。注 意抓住題干中的關鍵詞the more...the more...、paradox和work environment。文章段落中，論及悖論和工作環 境的內容在段出現，該段第二句提到，目前的工作環境中存在著一個悖論，那就是你做的工作越多， 期望你完成的工作就越多。由此可知，題干是對原文的同義轉述，故答案為。
47. 。題干意為，只要員工抱有積極進取的態度而不是只抱怨他們的工作量，經理們將樂于幫助員工決定 首先應該做什么。注意抓住題干中的關鍵詞employees和managers、complain about their workload。文章段落 中，論及抱怨工作量以及員工和經理之間關系的內容在段出現，該段末句提到，只要員工有積極進取 的態度而不只是抱怨工作量，經理們應該樂于幫助員工梳理工作的優先次序。由此可知，題干是對原文的 同義轉述，故答案為。題干中的as long as和原文中的so long as對應，題干中的decide what to do first和原 文中的 sort out priorities 對應。
48. 。題干意為，作為一個單親媽媽，德博拉查多克-布朗發現很難在生意和家務之間找到平衡點。注意抓 住題干中的關鍵詞single parent和Deborah Chaddock-Brown。文章段落中，論及單親媽媽和提到人名 Deborah Chaddock-Brown的內容在段出現，該段第二句提到，德博拉查多克-布朗是一位在家工作的 單親母親，她說自己經常對既要做家務又要經營自己的事業感到不堪重負。由此可知，題干是對原文的同 義轉述，故答案為。題干中的make a balance和原文中的maintaining order對應。
49. 。題干意為，有很多有用的方法可以使人們避免產生不堪重負的感覺。注意抓住題干中的關鍵詞 preventfeeling overwhelmed。文章段落中，論及避免產生不堪重負的感覺的內容在段出現，該段第二 句提到，我們可以采用很多方法來管理所有待辦事項，以避免產生不堪重負的感覺。由此可知，題干是對 原文的同義轉述，故答案為。
50. 。題干意為，雜亂的工作區在某種程度上會影響工作效率，所以你應該保持你的辦公區域整潔并且重 要文件就在手這。注意抓住題干中的關鍵詞messy work areas、nonproductive和you are supposed to。文章段落 中，論及雜亂的工作區影響工作效率以及保持辦公區域整潔的內容在段出現，該段第五句提到，雜亂
的工作區在某種程度上會影響工作效率。該段末句提到，因此，你應該花些時間來整理一下自己的辦公區 域，把重要的文件、手冊和報告都放在隨手可取的位置，這樣可以在最大程度上提高你的工作效率。由此 可知，題干是對原文部分內容的歸納總結，故答案為。題干中的to some extent和原文中的in some measure對應，題干中的at hand和原文中的in an accessible location對應。
51. 。題干意為，若想了解更多關于如何最大限度地提高效率的內容，推薦閱讀《高效能人士的七個習慣》。 注意抓住題干中的關鍵詞。文章段落中，只有段提到 了《高效能人士的七個習慣》一書，該段提到，大多數專家都會推薦很多關于如何最大限度地提高效率的 書，其中有一本書一再被提及：《高效能人士的七個習慣》。由此可知，題干是對該段內容的歸納總 結，故答案為。
52. 。題干意為，在《組織力傻瓜書》一書中，建議使用語音信箱來減少電話打擾和關掉郵件提示的方法來 對抗干擾。注意抓住題干中的關鍵詞。文章段落中，論及《組織力傻瓜書》一 書的內容在段出現，該段第二句提到，羅思提出了以下建議來對抗干擾：使用語音信箱來減少電話 打擾，關掉您有一封新郵件的語音提示，以及安排出固定時間來見有事找你的員工。由此可知，題干是 對原文的同義轉述，故答案為。
53. 。題干意為，根據魯迪所說，停止同時處理多項任務的最佳方法是創建一個優先級工作列表，且每項 工作都規定好最后期限。注意抓住題干中的關鍵詞Rudy、multitasking和deadlines。文章段落中，提到人名 Rudy、論及多項任務以及最后期限的內容在段出現，該段倒數第二句提到，魯迪建議停止同時進行多 項任務的最佳方法就是創建一個優先級工作列表，且每項工作都規定好最后期限。由此可知，題干是對原 文的同義轉述，故答案為。
54. 。題干意為，將注意力集中在單個事情上，這會讓你覺得你的任務似乎更容易執行。注意抓住題干中的 關鍵詞single matter和your tasks appear。文章段落中，論及單個事情的內容在段出現，該段最后一句提 到，將注意力集中在一項任務上，會讓你覺得清單上的任務似乎更可執行。由此可知，題干是對原文的同 義轉述，故答案為。題干中的focusing和原文中的concentrating對應，題干中的more possible to be done和 原文中的more doable對應。
55. 。題干意為，事實上，人們保留的大部分東西都是可替代的，所以，將可以處理掉的東西處理掉。注意 抓住題干中的關鍵詞retain和dispose。文章段落中，論及保留和處理東西的內容在段出現，該段第三句 提到，當有些東西能被處理時，就處理掉，畢竟實際上大多數你所保留的東西都是可替代的。由此可知， 題干是對原文的同義轉述，故答案為。題干中的substitutable和原文中的replaceable對應。
