Why do so many Americans distrust what they read in theirnewspapers? The American Society of Newspaper Editors is trying to answer thispainful question. The organization is deep into a long self-analysis known asthe journalism credibility project. 　　Sad to say, this project has turned out to be mostly low-levelfindings about factual errors and spelling and grammar mistakes, combined withlots of head-scratching puzzlement about what in the world those readers reallywant. 　　But the sources of distrust go way deeper. Most journalists learnto see the world through a set of standard templates into which theyplug each day s events. In other words, there is a conventional story line inthe newsroom culture that provides a backbone and a ready-made narrativestructure for otherwise confusing news. 　　There exists a social and cultural disconnect between journalistsand their readers, which helps explain why the standard templates of the newsroom seem alien to many readers. In a recent survey, questionnaireswere sent to reporters in five middle-size cities around the country, plus onelarge metropolitan area. Then residents in these communities were phoned atrandom and asked the same questions. 　　Replies show that compared with other Americans, journalists aremore likely to live in upscale neighborhoods, have maids, own Mercedeses, andtrade stocks, and they re less likely to go to church, do volunteer work, orput down roots in a community. 　　Reporters tend to be part of a broadly defined social and culturalelite, so their work tends to reflect the conventional values of this elite.The astonishing distrust of the news media isn t rooted in inaccuracy or poorreportorial skills but in the daily clash of world views between reporters andtheir readers. 　　This is an explosive situation for any industry, particularly adeclining one. Here is a troubled business that keeps hiring employees whoseattitudes vastly annoy the customers. Then it sponsors lots of symposiums and acredibility project dedicated to wondering why customers are annoyed andfleeing in large numbers. But it never seems to get around to noticing thecultural and class biases that so many former buyers are complaining about. Ifit did, it would open up its diversity program, now focused narrowly on raceand gender, and look for reporters who differ broadly by outlook, values,education, and class. 　　29. What is the passage mainly about? 　　[A]Needs of the readers all over the world 　　[B]Causes of the public disappointment about newspapers 　　[C]Origins of the declining newspaper industry 　　[D]Aims of a journalism credibility project 　　30. The results of the journalism credibility project turned outto be . 　　[A]quite trustworthy 　　[B]somewhat contradictory 　　[C]very illuminating 　　[D]rather superficial 　　31. The basic problem of journalists as pointed out by the writerlies in their _________. 　　[A]working attitude 　　[B]conventional lifestyle 　　[C]world outlook 　　[D]educational background 　　32. Despite its efforts, the newspaper industry still cannotsatisfy the readers owing to its_________. 　　[A]failure to realize its real problem 　　[B]tendency to hire annoying reporters 　　[C]likeliness to do inaccurate reporting 　　[D]prejudice in matters of race and gender 　　名師解析 　　29. What is the passage mainly about? 本文主要講的是什么? 　　[A]Needs of the readers all over the world. 全世界讀者的需要。 　　[B]Causes of the public disappointment about newspapers. 造成公眾對報紙失望的原因。 　　[C]Origins of the declining newspaper industry. 資訊業衰敗的根源。 　　[D]Aims of a journalism credibility project. 資訊可信度項目的目標。 　　【答案】 B 　　【考點】文章主旨題。 　　【分析】文章的第一句就提出了本文旨在說明的問題為什么那么多的美國人不相信自己在報紙上讀到的內容呢?從第二段、第三段的內容來看，作者都在試圖尋找造成公眾對報紙失望的一個真正的根本性的原因。因此可以判斷 [B] 為正確答案。 [A] 不正確，是因為它僅僅是資訊界的調查項目得到的一個結果而已。 [C] 和 [A] 相比較，還是 [A] 來得比較確切。 [C] 已經從文章主旨引申到別的項目上去了。 [D] 僅僅是為了查明原因而進行的一個調查項目而已。 　　30. The results of the journalism credibility project turned outto be . 　　資訊可信度項目的結果是。 　　[A]quite trustworthy 相當可信 　　[B]somewhat contradictory 有點矛盾 　　[C]very illuminating 非常有啟發性 　　[D]rather superficial 相當膚淺 　　【答案】 D 　　【考點】事實細節題。 　　【分析】根據本題題干可以定位到第二段，文中指出該項目最終所發現的原因大都是資訊報道中的事實錯誤，拼寫或語法錯誤，以及許多關于讀者到底想讀些什么令人撓頭的困惑，在作者看來，這些發現大都是低級的 ，而真正的原因沒有這么表面 go waydeeper 。因此可以判定是答案是 [D] 選項。 　　31. The basic problem of journalists as pointed out by the writerlies in their _____. 　　作者描述的資訊記者的基本問題存在于他們的 _____ 。 　　[A]working attitude 工作態度 　　[B]conventional lifestyle 傳統的生活方式 　　[C]world outlook 世界觀 　　[D]educational background 教育背景 　　【答案】 C 　　【考點】事實細節題。 　　【分析】文章的解題點在文章的倒數第二段中對資訊媒體的這種令人震驚的不信任的根源不在于報道失實或低下的報道技巧，而在于記者與讀者的世界觀每天都發生著碰撞這句話。也就是說，作者的基本問題是世界觀的問題。另外三個選項都不是最基本的問題。 　　32. Despite its efforts, the newspaper industry still cannotsatisfy the readers owing to its _________. 　　盡管很努力，資訊行業仍然不能滿足讀者的需要是因為其 _______ 。 　　[A]failure to realize its real problem 不能夠認識到真正的問題 　　[B]tendency to hire annoying reporters 傾向于雇傭那些惱人的記者 　　[C]likeliness to do inaccurate reporting 可能作出不準確的報道 　　[D]prejudice in matters of race and gender 在種族和性別方面的歧視 　　【答案】 A 　　【考點】事實細節題。 　　【分析】本題的解題點可以確定到最后一段。文中說他們又舉辦許多研討會，搞什么可信度項目，試圖了解讀者為什么對他們不滿意，為什么大量流失。但是，對于那么多原來的顧客所不滿的文化和階級偏見，他們似乎就是沒有看見。由此我們可以看出，真正的原因是他們不能夠意識到真正的問題所在，因此正確答案是 [A] 。 　　難句解析： 　　1. Sad to say, this project has turned out to be mostly low-levelfindings about factual errors and spelling and grammar mistakes, combined withlots of head-scratching puzzlement about what in the world those readers reallywant. 　　【結構分析】本句主干是 thisproject has turned out to befindings ， mostly low-level 是findings 的定語。 aboutfactual errors and spelling and grammar mistakes 是介賓短語做定語。combined with lots of head-scratching puzzlement about what in the world thosereaders really want 是一個過去分詞引導的伴隨狀語，其中 aboutwhat in the world those readers really want 是puzzlement 的定語。 　　2. There exists a social and cultural disconnect betweenjournalists and their readers, which helps explain why the standard templates of the newsroomseem alien to many readers. 　　【結構分析】主句是 there+ 系表結構。 which 引導一個非限定性定語從句，該詞指代前面一句話。而在這個定語從句 whichhelps explain why the standard templates of the newsroom seem alien to manyreaders 中，又出現一個 why 引導的賓語從句。 　　3. If it did, it would open up its diversity program, now focusednarrowly on race and gender, and look for reporters who differ broadly byoutlook, values, education, and class. 　　【結構分析】本句的主句中， it 代表上文提到的 a troubled business ，即備受困擾的資訊界。 now focused narrowly on race and gender 是插入語，也是修飾 program 的定語。后面有兩個并列謂語 wouldopen up 和 look for 。這里需要注意的就是一個意思上的問題，那就是雖然報業也有多樣性項目，招收不同的人當記者，但是這樣的多樣性僅僅局限于性別和種族，而報業需要多招收那些具有不同的人生觀、教育以及來自于不同階級的人。 　　全文翻譯： 　　為什么那么多美國人不相信自己在報紙上所讀的東西?美國資訊編輯協會正試圖回答這個令人痛苦的問題。該組織正在深入開展一個名為資訊可信度項目的長期自我剖析工程。 　　遺憾的是，這次項目只獲得了一些膚淺的發現，諸如資訊報道中的事實錯誤，拼寫或語法錯誤，以及許多關于讀者到底想讀些什么這樣的令人撓頭的困惑。 　　但這種不信任有更深刻的根源。多數資訊記者都學會用一套標準的模式去看待世界，并把每天發生的事件套入這種模式。換言之，在資訊采編室文化中存在著一套慣常的寫作套路，為紛繁復雜的資訊報道提供了一個主干框架和一個現成的故事敘述結構。 　　資訊記者和讀者之間存在著社會和文化方面的脫節，這有助于解釋為什么資訊采編室的標準模式讓眾多讀者看上去很陌生的原因。在最近一次調查中，問卷被送到了全國五座中等城市及一座大都市的記者手中，然后隨機地給這些城市的居民打電話，詢問他們同樣的問題。 　　人們的回答表明，與其他美國人相比，資訊記者更有可能居住在高級社區，有女傭，有奔馳車，炒股，而去教堂，參加自愿服務，扎根某個社區的可能性卻很小。 　　記者們往往屬于廣義的社會文化精英的一個部分，因此他們的工作往往反映了這些精英傳統的價值觀。對資訊媒體的這種令人震驚的不信任的根源不在于報道失實或低下的報道技巧，而在于記者與讀者的世界觀每天都發生著碰撞。 　　這對任何一個工業產業來說都算是爆炸性的形勢，對于一個正在衰落的行業來說尤其如此。這是一個備受困擾的行業，偏偏不停雇用那些因為其態度而極大惹惱客戶的員工。然后它又出資組織許多研討會和可信度調查項目，去探究為什么顧客們發火了，為什么會有那么多顧客流失了。但它似乎從來就沒有時間去注意那么多老顧客所抱怨的文化和階級偏見。如果它能注意這個問題的話，就應該進一步開放其多樣化項目 ，進一步尋找那些世界觀、價值觀、教育水平和社會階層各不相同的各種記者。

　　Why do so many Americans distrust what they read in theirnewspapers? The American Society of Newspaper Editors is trying to answer thispainful question. The organization is deep into a long self-analysis known asthe journalism credibility project. 　　Sad to say, this project has turned out to be mostly low-levelfindings about factual errors and spelling and grammar mistakes, combined withlots of head-scratching puzzlement about what in the world those readers reallywant. 　　But the sources of distrust go way deeper. Most journalists learnto see the world through a set of standard templates into which theyplug each day s events. In other words, there is a conventional story line inthe newsroom culture that provides a backbone and a ready-made narrativestructure for otherwise confusing news. 　　There exists a social and cultural disconnect between journalistsand their readers, which helps explain why the standard templates of the newsroom seem alien to many readers. In a recent survey, questionnaireswere sent to reporters in five middle-size cities around the country, plus onelarge metropolitan area. Then residents in these communities were phoned atrandom and asked the same questions. 　　Replies show that compared with other Americans, journalists aremore likely to live in upscale neighborhoods, have maids, own Mercedeses, andtrade stocks, and they re less likely to go to church, do volunteer work, orput down roots in a community. 　　Reporters tend to be part of a broadly defined social and culturalelite, so their work tends to reflect the conventional values of this elite.The astonishing distrust of the news media isn t rooted in inaccuracy or poorreportorial skills but in the daily clash of world views between reporters andtheir readers. 　　This is an explosive situation for any industry, particularly adeclining one. Here is a troubled business that keeps hiring employees whoseattitudes vastly annoy the customers. Then it sponsors lots of symposiums and acredibility project dedicated to wondering why customers are annoyed andfleeing in large numbers. But it never seems to get around to noticing thecultural and class biases that so many former buyers are complaining about. Ifit did, it would open up its diversity program, now focused narrowly on raceand gender, and look for reporters who differ broadly by outlook, values,education, and class. 　　29. What is the passage mainly about? 　　[A]Needs of the readers all over the world 　　[B]Causes of the public disappointment about newspapers 　　[C]Origins of the declining newspaper industry 　　[D]Aims of a journalism credibility project 　　30. The results of the journalism credibility project turned outto be . 　　[A]quite trustworthy 　　[B]somewhat contradictory 　　[C]very illuminating 　　[D]rather superficial 　　31. The basic problem of journalists as pointed out by the writerlies in their _________. 　　[A]working attitude 　　[B]conventional lifestyle 　　[C]world outlook 　　[D]educational background 　　32. Despite its efforts, the newspaper industry still cannotsatisfy the readers owing to its_________. 　　[A]failure to realize its real problem 　　[B]tendency to hire annoying reporters 　　[C]likeliness to do inaccurate reporting 　　[D]prejudice in matters of race and gender 　　名師解析 　　29. What is the passage mainly about? 本文主要講的是什么? 　　[A]Needs of the readers all over the world. 全世界讀者的需要。 　　[B]Causes of the public disappointment about newspapers. 造成公眾對報紙失望的原因。 　　[C]Origins of the declining newspaper industry. 資訊業衰敗的根源。 　　[D]Aims of a journalism credibility project. 資訊可信度項目的目標。 　　【答案】 B 　　【考點】文章主旨題。 　　【分析】文章的第一句就提出了本文旨在說明的問題為什么那么多的美國人不相信自己在報紙上讀到的內容呢?從第二段、第三段的內容來看，作者都在試圖尋找造成公眾對報紙失望的一個真正的根本性的原因。因此可以判斷 [B] 為正確答案。 [A] 不正確，是因為它僅僅是資訊界的調查項目得到的一個結果而已。 [C] 和 [A] 相比較，還是 [A] 來得比較確切。 [C] 已經從文章主旨引申到別的項目上去了。 [D] 僅僅是為了查明原因而進行的一個調查項目而已。 　　30. The results of the journalism credibility project turned outto be . 　　資訊可信度項目的結果是。 　　[A]quite trustworthy 相當可信 　　[B]somewhat contradictory 有點矛盾 　　[C]very illuminating 非常有啟發性 　　[D]rather superficial 相當膚淺 　　【答案】 D 　　【考點】事實細節題。 　　【分析】根據本題題干可以定位到第二段，文中指出該項目最終所發現的原因大都是資訊報道中的事實錯誤，拼寫或語法錯誤，以及許多關于讀者到底想讀些什么令人撓頭的困惑，在作者看來，這些發現大都是低級的 ，而真正的原因沒有這么表面 go waydeeper 。因此可以判定是答案是 [D] 選項。 　　31. The basic problem of journalists as pointed out by the writerlies in their _____. 　　作者描述的資訊記者的基本問題存在于他們的 _____ 。 　　[A]working attitude 工作態度 　　[B]conventional lifestyle 傳統的生活方式 　　[C]world outlook 世界觀 　　[D]educational background 教育背景 　　【答案】 C 　　【考點】事實細節題。 　　【分析】文章的解題點在文章的倒數第二段中對資訊媒體的這種令人震驚的不信任的根源不在于報道失實或低下的報道技巧，而在于記者與讀者的世界觀每天都發生著碰撞這句話。也就是說，作者的基本問題是世界觀的問題。另外三個選項都不是最基本的問題。 　　32. Despite its efforts, the newspaper industry still cannotsatisfy the readers owing to its _________. 　　盡管很努力，資訊行業仍然不能滿足讀者的需要是因為其 _______ 。 　　[A]failure to realize its real problem 不能夠認識到真正的問題 　　[B]tendency to hire annoying reporters 傾向于雇傭那些惱人的記者 　　[C]likeliness to do inaccurate reporting 可能作出不準確的報道 　　[D]prejudice in matters of race and gender 在種族和性別方面的歧視 　　【答案】 A 　　【考點】事實細節題。 　　【分析】本題的解題點可以確定到最后一段。文中說他們又舉辦許多研討會，搞什么可信度項目，試圖了解讀者為什么對他們不滿意，為什么大量流失。但是，對于那么多原來的顧客所不滿的文化和階級偏見，他們似乎就是沒有看見。由此我們可以看出，真正的原因是他們不能夠意識到真正的問題所在，因此正確答案是 [A] 。 　　難句解析： 　　1. Sad to say, this project has turned out to be mostly low-levelfindings about factual errors and spelling and grammar mistakes, combined withlots of head-scratching puzzlement about what in the world those readers reallywant. 　　【結構分析】本句主干是 thisproject has turned out to befindings ， mostly low-level 是findings 的定語。 aboutfactual errors and spelling and grammar mistakes 是介賓短語做定語。combined with lots of head-scratching puzzlement about what in the world thosereaders really want 是一個過去分詞引導的伴隨狀語，其中 aboutwhat in the world those readers really want 是puzzlement 的定語。 　　2. There exists a social and cultural disconnect betweenjournalists and their readers, which helps explain why the standard templates of the newsroomseem alien to many readers. 　　【結構分析】主句是 there+ 系表結構。 which 引導一個非限定性定語從句，該詞指代前面一句話。而在這個定語從句 whichhelps explain why the standard templates of the newsroom seem alien to manyreaders 中，又出現一個 why 引導的賓語從句。 　　3. If it did, it would open up its diversity program, now focusednarrowly on race and gender, and look for reporters who differ broadly byoutlook, values, education, and class. 　　【結構分析】本句的主句中， it 代表上文提到的 a troubled business ，即備受困擾的資訊界。 now focused narrowly on race and gender 是插入語，也是修飾 program 的定語。后面有兩個并列謂語 wouldopen up 和 look for 。這里需要注意的就是一個意思上的問題，那就是雖然報業也有多樣性項目，招收不同的人當記者，但是這樣的多樣性僅僅局限于性別和種族，而報業需要多招收那些具有不同的人生觀、教育以及來自于不同階級的人。 　　全文翻譯： 　　為什么那么多美國人不相信自己在報紙上所讀的東西?美國資訊編輯協會正試圖回答這個令人痛苦的問題。該組織正在深入開展一個名為資訊可信度項目的長期自我剖析工程。 　　遺憾的是，這次項目只獲得了一些膚淺的發現，諸如資訊報道中的事實錯誤，拼寫或語法錯誤，以及許多關于讀者到底想讀些什么這樣的令人撓頭的困惑。 　　但這種不信任有更深刻的根源。多數資訊記者都學會用一套標準的模式去看待世界，并把每天發生的事件套入這種模式。換言之，在資訊采編室文化中存在著一套慣常的寫作套路，為紛繁復雜的資訊報道提供了一個主干框架和一個現成的故事敘述結構。 　　資訊記者和讀者之間存在著社會和文化方面的脫節，這有助于解釋為什么資訊采編室的標準模式讓眾多讀者看上去很陌生的原因。在最近一次調查中，問卷被送到了全國五座中等城市及一座大都市的記者手中，然后隨機地給這些城市的居民打電話，詢問他們同樣的問題。 　　人們的回答表明，與其他美國人相比，資訊記者更有可能居住在高級社區，有女傭，有奔馳車，炒股，而去教堂，參加自愿服務，扎根某個社區的可能性卻很小。 　　記者們往往屬于廣義的社會文化精英的一個部分，因此他們的工作往往反映了這些精英傳統的價值觀。對資訊媒體的這種令人震驚的不信任的根源不在于報道失實或低下的報道技巧，而在于記者與讀者的世界觀每天都發生著碰撞。 　　這對任何一個工業產業來說都算是爆炸性的形勢，對于一個正在衰落的行業來說尤其如此。這是一個備受困擾的行業，偏偏不停雇用那些因為其態度而極大惹惱客戶的員工。然后它又出資組織許多研討會和可信度調查項目，去探究為什么顧客們發火了，為什么會有那么多顧客流失了。但它似乎從來就沒有時間去注意那么多老顧客所抱怨的文化和階級偏見。如果它能注意這個問題的話，就應該進一步開放其多樣化項目 ，進一步尋找那些世界觀、價值觀、教育水平和社會階層各不相同的各種記者。