2023年教育部考試中心考研英語模擬試題

　　閱讀理解部分匯編

　　九、新型通訊技術的廣泛運用

　　One great benefit of the Web is that it allows us to move information online that now resides in paper form. Several states in America are using the Web in a profound way. You can apply for various permits or submit applications for business licences. Some states are putting up listings of jobsnot just state government jobs, but all the jobs available in the state. I believe, over time, that all the information that governments print, and all those paper forms they now have, will be moved on to the Internet.

　　Electronic commerce notches up month-by-month too. It is difficult to measure, because a lot of electronic commerce involves existing buyers and sellers who are simply moving paperbased transactions to the Web. That is not new business. Microsoft, for example, purchases millions of dollars of PCs online instead of by paper. However, that is not a fundamental change; it has just improved the efficiency of an existing process. The biggest impact has occurred where electronic commerce matches buyers and sellers who would not previously have found each other. When you go to a book site and find an obscure book that you never would have found in a physical bookstore, that is a new type of commerce.

　　Today, about half of all PCs are still not connected to the Web. Getting communications costs down and making all the software simpler will bring in those people. And that, in turn, will move us closer to the critical mass that will make the Web lifestyle everyones lifestyle. One element that people underestimate is the degree to which the hardware and software will improve. Just take one aspect: screen technology. I do my e-mail on a 20-inch liquid crystal display monitor. It is not available at a reasonable price yet, but in two years it will be. In ten years, a 20-inch LCD with much higher resolution will be commonplace. The boundary between a television set and a PC will be blurred because even the set-top box that you connect up to your cable or satellite will have a processor more powerful than what we have today in the most expensive PC. This will, in effect, make your television a computer.

　　Interaction with the Web also will improve, making it much easier for people to be involved. Today the keywords we use to search the Web often return to too many articles to sort through, many of them out of context. If you want to learn about the fastest computer chip available, you might end up getting responses instead about potato chips being delivered in fast trucks. In the future, we shall be either speaking or typing sentences into the computer. If you ask about the speed of chips, the result will be about computers, not potatoes. Speech recognition also means that you will be able to call in on a phone and ask if you have any new messages, or check on a flight, or check on the weather.

　　To predict that it will take over ten years for these changes to happen is probably pessimistic. We usually overestimate what we can do in two years and underestimate what we can do in ten. The Web will be as much a way of life as the car by 2008. Probably before.

　　1. Electronic commerce becomes a new type of commerce when_____.

　　[A] paperbased transactions are moved on to the Web [B] the efficiency of the existing process is improved by Internet

　　[C] new buyers and sellers find each other on the Internet [D] a book site offers the books several bookstores have altogether

　　2. The use of computer will be as common as the use of cars when_____.

　　[A] governments begin to move administration on-line [B] electronic commerce causes a fundamental change

　　[C] computer and communication become simpler and cheaper [D] the boundary between the computer and the TV disappears

　　3. What is the current problem with the Web according to the passage?

　　[A] Too much information. [B] Lack of response. [C] Ineffective interaction. [D] Slowness of speed.

　　4. The example of potato chips is used to illustrate_____.

　　[A] the defect of computers at the present stage of development [B] the similarity between a computer chip and a potato chip

　　[C] the richness of information available on the web [D] the irrelevant responses the web sometimes offers

　　5. The passage is mainly trying to show that_____.

　　[A] the web is becoming a way of conveying information [B] the web will bring about a new way of life

　　[C] electronic commerce develops with the Internet [D] interaction with the Web will become easier

　　答案：1.C 2.C 3.C 4.D 5.B

　　核心詞匯與超綱詞匯

　　notch等級，檔次;V形刻痕，圓形切口;贏得，獲得;刻V形痕，刻下切口

　　measure測量，度量;估量，判定

　　obscure無名的，鮮為人知的;費解的，難以理解的;使模糊，使晦澀，使費解

　　physical身體的，肉體的，軀體的;物質的，現實的;根據自然規律的;物理學的;肉欲的;使用武力的

　　bring in讓參與;逮捕，帶到警察局詢問;提出;吸引,引入

　　resolution正式決定;解決;決定;清晰度;分辨率

　　commonplace平凡的，普通的，普遍的;常見的事;平常的事;老生常談

　　article文章，論文，報道;條款，項;物件，物品

　　全文翻譯

　　網絡的一個很大的好處是它允許我們把如今停留在紙上的信息轉移到網上。美國幾個州正在以一種意義深遠的方式使用網絡。人們能申請各種用于營業執照的申請表。一些州正在公布一系列工作，不僅包括州政府的工作，而且包括州內所有的工作。我認為，隨著時間的推移，所有政府打印的信息以及所有他們現有的紙的形式，都會轉移到網絡上。

　　電子商務也越來越成功。但它很難估量，因為許多電子商務僅僅是現有的買家和賣家把以紙張為基礎的交易移到網上進行。這不是一種新的貿易形式。比如，微軟每年通過在線購買數百萬美元的電腦，而不是通過紙張進行。然而，這不是根本的變化，只是提高了現有交易的效率。當電子商務把以前不可能找到對方的買方和賣方匹配起來時，網絡的最大影響力才出現。當你去購書網站找到一本在有形的書店不能找到的晦澀難懂的書，那就是新形式的商務。

　　如今，幾乎一半的個人電腦仍然沒有與網絡連接。通訊費用的降低以及所有軟件的簡易化可以使這些人和網絡連接起來。而這又將使我們更接近讓網絡生活方式成為所有人的生活方式的臨界點。人們低估了的一個因素是硬件和軟件將得到改善的程度。比如，屏幕技術方面。現在我在20英寸的液晶顯示器上發電子郵件。雖然它現在還不能以合理的價格購買，但是兩年后將可以。十年后，更高清晰度的20英寸液晶顯示器將成為普通的事物。電視和個人電腦之間的界限將變得模糊，因為甚至是連著有線或衛星的電視機上的盒子中都會有比如今最昂貴的個人電腦更強大的的處理器。實際上，你的電視將成為一臺電腦。

　　與網絡的交流也將得到改善，這使人們更容易參與其中。如今，搜索網絡時輸入的關鍵詞總會搜出太多的選項讓你選擇，而其中很多項與你所找的內容無關。當你想知道現有的最快的計算機芯片時，卻得到在快速通道上運送的薯片的信息。將來，我們可以對著電腦講話或者往電腦中輸入句子。如果問芯片的速度，結果將是電腦，而不是土豆。聲音的識別也意味著你將能夠打電話給電腦詢問是否有新的信息，或者查詢航班和天氣。

　　預計這些變化要花上十多年時間才會發生可能太悲觀了。我們經常高估兩年內能做的事情，而低估十年之內能做的事情。到了2008年，或者在這之前，網絡會像汽車一樣成為生活的一種方式。

　　2023年教育部考試中心考研英語模擬試題

　　閱讀理解部分匯編

　　九、新型通訊技術的廣泛運用

　　One great benefit of the Web is that it allows us to move information online that now resides in paper form. Several states in America are using the Web in a profound way. You can apply for various permits or submit applications for business licences. Some states are putting up listings of jobsnot just state government jobs, but all the jobs available in the state. I believe, over time, that all the information that governments print, and all those paper forms they now have, will be moved on to the Internet.

　　Electronic commerce notches up month-by-month too. It is difficult to measure, because a lot of electronic commerce involves existing buyers and sellers who are simply moving paperbased transactions to the Web. That is not new business. Microsoft, for example, purchases millions of dollars of PCs online instead of by paper. However, that is not a fundamental change; it has just improved the efficiency of an existing process. The biggest impact has occurred where electronic commerce matches buyers and sellers who would not previously have found each other. When you go to a book site and find an obscure book that you never would have found in a physical bookstore, that is a new type of commerce.

　　Today, about half of all PCs are still not connected to the Web. Getting communications costs down and making all the software simpler will bring in those people. And that, in turn, will move us closer to the critical mass that will make the Web lifestyle everyones lifestyle. One element that people underestimate is the degree to which the hardware and software will improve. Just take one aspect: screen technology. I do my e-mail on a 20-inch liquid crystal display monitor. It is not available at a reasonable price yet, but in two years it will be. In ten years, a 20-inch LCD with much higher resolution will be commonplace. The boundary between a television set and a PC will be blurred because even the set-top box that you connect up to your cable or satellite will have a processor more powerful than what we have today in the most expensive PC. This will, in effect, make your television a computer.

　　Interaction with the Web also will improve, making it much easier for people to be involved. Today the keywords we use to search the Web often return to too many articles to sort through, many of them out of context. If you want to learn about the fastest computer chip available, you might end up getting responses instead about potato chips being delivered in fast trucks. In the future, we shall be either speaking or typing sentences into the computer. If you ask about the speed of chips, the result will be about computers, not potatoes. Speech recognition also means that you will be able to call in on a phone and ask if you have any new messages, or check on a flight, or check on the weather.

　　To predict that it will take over ten years for these changes to happen is probably pessimistic. We usually overestimate what we can do in two years and underestimate what we can do in ten. The Web will be as much a way of life as the car by 2008. Probably before.

　　1. Electronic commerce becomes a new type of commerce when_____.

　　[A] paperbased transactions are moved on to the Web [B] the efficiency of the existing process is improved by Internet

　　[C] new buyers and sellers find each other on the Internet [D] a book site offers the books several bookstores have altogether

　　2. The use of computer will be as common as the use of cars when_____.

　　[A] governments begin to move administration on-line [B] electronic commerce causes a fundamental change

　　[C] computer and communication become simpler and cheaper [D] the boundary between the computer and the TV disappears

　　3. What is the current problem with the Web according to the passage?

　　[A] Too much information. [B] Lack of response. [C] Ineffective interaction. [D] Slowness of speed.

　　4. The example of potato chips is used to illustrate_____.

　　[A] the defect of computers at the present stage of development [B] the similarity between a computer chip and a potato chip

　　[C] the richness of information available on the web [D] the irrelevant responses the web sometimes offers

　　5. The passage is mainly trying to show that_____.

　　[A] the web is becoming a way of conveying information [B] the web will bring about a new way of life

　　[C] electronic commerce develops with the Internet [D] interaction with the Web will become easier

　　答案：1.C 2.C 3.C 4.D 5.B

　　核心詞匯與超綱詞匯

　　notch等級，檔次;V形刻痕，圓形切口;贏得，獲得;刻V形痕，刻下切口

　　measure測量，度量;估量，判定

　　obscure無名的，鮮為人知的;費解的，難以理解的;使模糊，使晦澀，使費解

　　physical身體的，肉體的，軀體的;物質的，現實的;根據自然規律的;物理學的;肉欲的;使用武力的

　　bring in讓參與;逮捕，帶到警察局詢問;提出;吸引,引入

　　resolution正式決定;解決;決定;清晰度;分辨率

　　commonplace平凡的，普通的，普遍的;常見的事;平常的事;老生常談

　　article文章，論文，報道;條款，項;物件，物品

　　全文翻譯

　　網絡的一個很大的好處是它允許我們把如今停留在紙上的信息轉移到網上。美國幾個州正在以一種意義深遠的方式使用網絡。人們能申請各種用于營業執照的申請表。一些州正在公布一系列工作，不僅包括州政府的工作，而且包括州內所有的工作。我認為，隨著時間的推移，所有政府打印的信息以及所有他們現有的紙的形式，都會轉移到網絡上。

　　電子商務也越來越成功。但它很難估量，因為許多電子商務僅僅是現有的買家和賣家把以紙張為基礎的交易移到網上進行。這不是一種新的貿易形式。比如，微軟每年通過在線購買數百萬美元的電腦，而不是通過紙張進行。然而，這不是根本的變化，只是提高了現有交易的效率。當電子商務把以前不可能找到對方的買方和賣方匹配起來時，網絡的最大影響力才出現。當你去購書網站找到一本在有形的書店不能找到的晦澀難懂的書，那就是新形式的商務。

　　如今，幾乎一半的個人電腦仍然沒有與網絡連接。通訊費用的降低以及所有軟件的簡易化可以使這些人和網絡連接起來。而這又將使我們更接近讓網絡生活方式成為所有人的生活方式的臨界點。人們低估了的一個因素是硬件和軟件將得到改善的程度。比如，屏幕技術方面。現在我在20英寸的液晶顯示器上發電子郵件。雖然它現在還不能以合理的價格購買，但是兩年后將可以。十年后，更高清晰度的20英寸液晶顯示器將成為普通的事物。電視和個人電腦之間的界限將變得模糊，因為甚至是連著有線或衛星的電視機上的盒子中都會有比如今最昂貴的個人電腦更強大的的處理器。實際上，你的電視將成為一臺電腦。

　　與網絡的交流也將得到改善，這使人們更容易參與其中。如今，搜索網絡時輸入的關鍵詞總會搜出太多的選項讓你選擇，而其中很多項與你所找的內容無關。當你想知道現有的最快的計算機芯片時，卻得到在快速通道上運送的薯片的信息。將來，我們可以對著電腦講話或者往電腦中輸入句子。如果問芯片的速度，結果將是電腦，而不是土豆。聲音的識別也意味著你將能夠打電話給電腦詢問是否有新的信息，或者查詢航班和天氣。

　　預計這些變化要花上十多年時間才會發生可能太悲觀了。我們經常高估兩年內能做的事情，而低估十年之內能做的事情。到了2008年，或者在這之前，網絡會像汽車一樣成為生活的一種方式。